Unity中场景解析成Json和XML并还原场景

其实关于这部分内容，雨松研究院已经写得很清楚了，也比较权威，链接在此：http://www.xuanyusong.com/archives/1919，但是现在还是想根据自己的思路整理一下

其实原理就是讲Hierarchy中所有的父物体（即transform.parent == null）都做成预设，然后记录下每个父物体的Transform里的属性，记录到Xml或者Json文件中，然后再解析文件，把其中的预设加载到新场景里，就会得到与原场景一模一样的场景了

首先在Project里新建一个Editor文件夹，里面新建一个脚本MyEditor.cs

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEditor;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using LitJson;

public class MyEditor : Editor
{

//这样是修改了编译器，在菜单栏GameObject下面会多出ExportXML选项
[MenuItem("GameObject/ExportXML")]
static void ExportXML()
{
string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingAssets/my.xml";
string prefabPath = Application.dataPath + "/Resources/Prefabs";

if(!File.Exists(filePath))
{
File.Delete(filePath);
}

if(!Directory.Exists(prefabPath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(prefabPath);
}

XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument ();
XmlDeclaration xmlDec = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration ("1.0", "utf-8", null);
xmlDoc.AppendChild (xmlDec);
XmlElement root = xmlDoc.CreateElement ("gameObjects");

//遍历所有的游戏场景
foreach(UnityEditor.EditorBuildSettingsScene s in UnityEditor.EditorBuildSettings.scenes)
{
//打开场景
EditorApplication.OpenScene(s.path);
XmlElement scenes = xmlDoc.CreateElement("scenes");
scenes.SetAttribute("name", s.path);

foreach(GameObject obj in Object.FindObjectsOfType(typeof(GameObject)))
{
//是否被禁用
if(obj.transform.parent == null && obj.activeSelf)
{
//将该物体制作成预设并存放在Resources目录下的Prefabs中
ExportPrefab(obj, prefabPath);

XmlElement gameObject = xmlDoc.CreateElement("gameobjects");
gameObject.SetAttribute("name", obj.name);
gameObject.SetAttribute("asset", obj.name + ".prefab");

XmlElement transform = xmlDoc.CreateElement("transform");

XmlElement position = xmlDoc.CreateElement("position");
XmlElement position_x = xmlDoc.CreateElement("x");
XmlElement position_y = xmlDoc.CreateElement("y");
XmlElement position_z = xmlDoc.CreateElement("z");
position_x.InnerText = obj.transform.position.x + "";
position_y.InnerText = obj.transform.position.y + "";
position_z.InnerText = obj.transform.position.z + "";
position.AppendChild(position_x);
position.AppendChild(position_y);
position.AppendChild(position_z);

XmlElement rotation = xmlDoc.CreateElement("rotation");
XmlElement rotation_x = xmlDoc.CreateElement("x");
XmlElement rotation_y = xmlDoc.CreateElement("y");
XmlElement rotation_z = xmlDoc.CreateElement("z");
rotation_x.InnerText = obj.transform.rotation.eulerAngles.x + "";
rotation_y.InnerText = obj.transform.rotation.eulerAngles.y + "";
rotation_z.InnerText = obj.transform.rotation.eulerAngles.z + "";
rotation.AppendChild(rotation_x);
rotation.AppendChild(rotation_y);
rotation.AppendChild(rotation_z);

XmlElement scale = xmlDoc.CreateElement("scale");
XmlElement scale_x = xmlDoc.CreateElement("x");
XmlElement scale_y = xmlDoc.CreateElement("y");
XmlElement scale_z = xmlDoc.CreateElement("z");
scale_x.InnerText = obj.transform.localScale.x + "";
scale_y.InnerText = obj.transform.localScale.y + "";
scale_z.InnerText = obj.transform.localScale.z + "";
scale.AppendChild(scale_x);
scale.AppendChild(scale_y);
scale.AppendChild(scale_z);

transform.AppendChild(position);
transform.AppendChild(rotation);
transform.AppendChild(scale);

gameObject.AppendChild(transform);
scenes.AppendChild(gameObject);
root.AppendChild(scenes);
xmlDoc.AppendChild(root);
xmlDoc.Save(filePath);
}
}
}

AssetDatabase.Refresh ();
Debug.Log ("Xml export completed");
Debug.Log (Time.realtimeSinceStartup);
}

[MenuItem("GameObject/ExportJson")]
static void ExportJson()
{
string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingAssets/json.txt";
string prefabPath = Application.dataPath + "/Resources/Prefabs";

if(!File.Exists(filePath))
{
File.Delete(filePath);
}

if(!Directory.Exists(prefabPath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(prefabPath);
}

FileInfo t = new FileInfo (filePath);
StreamWriter sw = t.CreateText ();

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ();
JsonWriter writer = new JsonWriter (sb);
writer.WriteObjectStart ();
writer.WritePropertyName ("gameobjects");
writer.WriteArrayStart ();

//遍历所有的游戏场景
foreach(UnityEditor.EditorBuildSettingsScene s in UnityEditor.EditorBuildSettings.scenes)
{
//打开场景
EditorApplication.OpenScene(s.path);

writer.WriteObjectStart();
writer.WritePropertyName("scenes");
writer.WriteArrayStart ();
writer.WriteObjectStart();
writer.WritePropertyName("name");
writer.Write(s.path);
writer.WritePropertyName("gameobject");
writer.WriteArrayStart ();

foreach(GameObject obj in Object.FindObjectsOfType(typeof(GameObject)))
{
if(obj.transform.parent == null && obj.activeSelf)
{
//将该物体制作成预设并存放在Resources目录下的Prefabs中
ExportPrefab(obj, prefabPath);

writer.WriteObjectStart();
writer.WritePropertyName("name");
writer.Write(obj.name);

writer.WritePropertyName("position");
writer.WriteArrayStart ();
writer.WriteObjectStart();
writer.WritePropertyName("x");
writer.Write(obj.transform.position.x.ToString("F5"));//F5是格式转换
writer.WritePropertyName("y");
writer.Write(obj.transform.position.y.ToString("F5"));
writer.WritePropertyName("z");
writer.Write(obj.transform.position.z.ToString("F5"));
writer.WriteObjectEnd();
writer.WriteArrayEnd();

writer.WritePropertyName("rotation");
writer.WriteArrayStart ();
writer.WriteObjectStart();
writer.WritePropertyName("x");
writer.Write(obj.transform.rotation.eulerAngles.x.ToString("F5"));
writer.WritePropertyName("y");
writer.Write(obj.transform.rotation.eulerAngles.y.ToString("F5"));
writer.WritePropertyName("z");
writer.Write(obj.transform.rotation.eulerAngles.z.ToString("F5"));
writer.WriteObjectEnd();
writer.WriteArrayEnd();

writer.WritePropertyName("scale");
writer.WriteArrayStart ();
writer.WriteObjectStart();
writer.WritePropertyName("x");
writer.Write(obj.transform.localScale.x.ToString("F5"));
writer.WritePropertyName("y");
writer.Write(obj.transform.localScale.y.ToString("F5"));
writer.WritePropertyName("z");
writer.Write(obj.transform.localScale.z.ToString("F5"));
writer.WriteObjectEnd();
writer.WriteArrayEnd();

writer.WriteObjectEnd();
}
}

writer.WriteArrayEnd();
writer.WriteObjectEnd();
writer.WriteArrayEnd();
writer.WriteObjectEnd();
}

writer.WriteArrayEnd ();
writer.WriteObjectEnd();

sw.WriteLine (sb.ToString());
sw.Close ();
sw.Dispose ();
AssetDatabase.Refresh ();
Debug.Log ("Json export completed");
Debug.Log (Time.realtimeSinceStartup);
}

private static void ExportPrefab(GameObject gameObject, string prefabPath)
{
if(Directory.Exists(prefabPath))
{
PrefabUtility.CreatePrefab("Assets/Resources/Prefabs/" + gameObject.name + ".prefab", gameObject, ReplacePrefabOptions.ConnectToPrefab);
}
}
}

编译项目，并点击GameObject下的ExportXML和ExportJson选项，会发现在StreamingAssets多了json.txt和my.xml，同时多了文件夹Resources/Prefabs，文件夹里面的预设就是Hirearchy里的父物体的预设

下面说说解析文件并还原场景

这是XML的解析

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Xml;
using System.IO;

public class XML : MonoBehaviour
{
void Start ()
{
string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingAssets/my.xml";

if(File.Exists(filePath))
{
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load(filePath);
XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("gameObjects").ChildNodes;

foreach(XmlElement scene in nodeList)
{
Debug.Log(scene.GetAttribute("name"));
if(!scene.GetAttribute("name").Equals("Assets/Scenes/Demo.unity"))
continue;

foreach(XmlElement gameObjects in scene.ChildNodes)
{
string asset = "Prefabs/" + gameObjects.GetAttribute("name");

Vector3 position = Vector3.zero;
Vector3 rotation = Vector3.zero;
Vector3 scale = Vector3.zero;

foreach(XmlElement transform in gameObjects.ChildNodes)
{
foreach(XmlElement info in transform.ChildNodes)
{
if(info.Name.Equals("position"))
{
foreach(XmlElement pos in info.ChildNodes)
{
switch(pos.Name)
{
case "x":
position.x = float.Parse(pos.InnerText);
break;
case "y":
position.y = float.Parse(pos.InnerText);
break;
case "z":
position.z = float.Parse(pos.InnerText);
break;
}
}
}
else if(info.Name.Equals("rotation"))
{
foreach(XmlElement rot in info.ChildNodes)
{
switch(rot.Name)
{
case "x":
rotation.x = float.Parse(rot.InnerText);
break;
case "y":
rotation.y = float.Parse(rot.InnerText);
break;
case "z":
rotation.z = float.Parse(rot.InnerText);
break;
}
}
}
else if(info.Name.Equals("scale"))
{
foreach(XmlElement sca in info.ChildNodes)
{
switch(sca.Name)
{
case "x":
scale.x = float.Parse(sca.InnerText);
break;
case "y":
scale.y = float.Parse(sca.InnerText);
break;
case "z":
scale.z = float.Parse(sca.InnerText);
break;
}
}
}
}

//1. 从Resource中读取相应的预设从而实例化出来一个对象
GameObject obj = (GameObject)Instantiate(Resources.Load(asset), position, Quaternion.Euler(rotation));

obj.transform.localScale = scale;
}
}
}

Debug.Log("Xml restore to scene");
Debug.Log (Time.realtimeSinceStartup);
}
else
{
Debug.Log("File not exist");
}
}
}

这是Json的解析

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using LitJson;

public class Json : MonoBehaviour
{
void Start ()
{
string filePath = Application.dataPath + "/StreamingAssets/json.txt";
StreamReader sr = File.OpenText (filePath);
string strLine = sr.ReadToEnd ();
JsonData jd = JsonMapper.ToObject (strLine);
JsonData gameObjectArray = jd["gameobjects"];

int i, j, k;
//foreach(JsonData gameObject in gameObjectArray)
for(i = 0; i < gameObjectArray.Count; i++)
{
JsonData sceneArray = gameObjectArray[i]["scenes"];

//foreach(JsonData scene in sceneArray)
for(j = 0; j < sceneArray.Count; j++)
{
string sceneName = sceneArray[j]["name"].ToString();

if(!sceneName.Equals("Assets/Scenes/Demo.unity"))
continue;

JsonData gameObjects = sceneArray[j]["gameobject"];

//foreach(JsonData obj in gameObjects)
for(k = 0; k < gameObjects.Count; k++)
{
string objName = gameObjects[k]["name"].ToString();
string asset = "Prefabs/" + objName;
Vector3 position = Vector3.zero;
Vector3 rotation = Vector3.zero;
Vector3 scale = Vector3.zero;

JsonData pos = gameObjects[k]["position"];
JsonData rot = gameObjects[k]["rotation"];
JsonData sca = gameObjects[k]["scale"];

position.x = float.Parse((string)pos[0]["x"]);
position.y = float.Parse((string)pos[0]["y"]);
position.z = float.Parse((string)pos[0]["z"]);

rotation.x = float.Parse((string)rot[0]["x"]);
rotation.y = float.Parse((string)rot[0]["y"]);
rotation.z = float.Parse((string)rot[0]["z"]);

scale.x = float.Parse((string)sca[0]["x"]);
scale.y = float.Parse((string)sca[0]["y"]);
scale.z = float.Parse((string)sca[0]["z"]);

GameObject ob = (GameObject)Instantiate(Resources.Load(asset), position, Quaternion.Euler(rotation));
ob.transform.localScale = scale;
}
}
}

Debug.Log("Json restore to scene");
Debug.Log (Time.realtimeSinceStartup);
}
}

是不是挺简单呢，只要新建个场景，建个空物体把上述脚本挂在物体上，运行即可获得跟原来一模一样的场景啦~~

PS：对于XML和Json对场景的解析和还原效率，我做了测试，下面是测试结果：

当场景为小场景时，即物体个数较少（4个为例），draw call：110

	解析场景时间	还原时间	文件大小
XML	0.1372822	0.1477898	2k
JSON	0.1357037	0.1179444	1k

当场景为大场景时，即物体个数比较多（100个为例），draw call：2848

	解析场景时间	还原时间	文件大小
XML	0.2660492	0.1703795	48k
JSON	0.1601105	0.1329994	22k

当draw call比较大时，物体个数130，draw call：26068（此时cpu 45%，电脑已经比较卡了）

	解析场景时间	还原时间	文件大小
XML	0.3745174	0.176897	52k
JSON	0.124469	0.136014	24k

个人觉得，还是Json更胜一筹。