python 发送邮件的两种方式【终极篇】

一，利用python自带的库 smtplib简单高效

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
import smtplib
from django.conf import settings

mail_host = settings.EMAIL_HOST
    mail_user = settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER
    mail_pass = settings.EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD
    subject = subject
    sender = settings.EMAIL_FROM
    receiver = settings.TEST_EMAIL_TO

    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    part = MIMEText(str(data), 'html')
    msg.attach(part)

    msg['from'] = Header('标题，也可以写邮箱账号', 'utf-8')
    msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
    msg["Accept-Language"] = "zh-CN"
    msg["Accept-Charset"] = "ISO-8859-1,utf-8"

    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP()
        server.connect(mail_host)
        server.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
        server.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
        server.quit()
    except Exception:
        logger.error(msg=traceback.format_exc())

二，django邮件功能的使用

#settings.py:
# qq IMAP/SMTP 配置
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 25  # 或者 465/587是设置了 SSL 加密方式
# 发送邮件的邮箱
EMAIL_HOST_USER = ‘你的邮箱’
# 在邮箱中设置的客户端授权密码
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = ‘你的IMAP授权码’  # 如果重新设置了新的授权码,直接使用最新的授权码即可
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True  # 这里必须是 True，否则发送不成功
# 收件人看到的发件人, 必须是一直且有效的
EMAIL_FROM = ‘Tencent<你的邮箱>'
"""
# qq POP3/SMTP 配置
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 110  # 或者 995是设置了 SSL 加密方式
#发送邮件的邮箱
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '你的qq邮箱'
#在邮箱中设置的客户端授权密码
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '你的pop3授权码'  # 如果重新设置了新的授权码,直接使用最新的授权码即可
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True  # 这里必须是 True，否则发送不成功
#收件人看到的发件人
EMAIL_FROM = ‘Tencent<xxx@qq.com>’
"""

from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.core.mail import EmailMultiAlternatives
#send mail
def send_email(file_path, total, typical, dts):
    html_content = loader.render_to_string(
        'email.html',
        {
            'dts': dts,
            'total': total,
            'typical': typical
        })
    email = EmailMultiAlternatives('title', html_content, settings.EMAIL_FROM, settings.EMAIL_TO)
    email.attach_file(file_path)
    email.content_subtype = "html"
    email.send()

 三、发送带图片和附件的邮件

import os
import datetime
import smtplib
import logging
import traceback
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

def send_img_mail(data, subject, recivers, attach_file=None):
    base_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
    mail_host = settings.EMAIL_HOST
    mail_user = settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER
    mail_pass = settings.EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD
    subject = subject
    sender = settings.EMAIL_FROM
    receiver = recivers

    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg.attach(MIMEText(str(data), 'html'))

    with open(os.path.join(base_dir, 'dist/static/img/zk_header.png'), 'rb') as f:
        msgImage = MIMEImage(f.read())
    msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
    msg.attach(msgImage)

    with open(os.path.join(base_dir, 'dist/static/img/zk_footer.jpg'), 'rb') as f:
        msgImage = MIMEImage(f.read())
    msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image2>')
    msg.attach(msgImage)

    if attach_file:
        last_month = datetime.datetime.today() - relativedelta(months=1)
        attachment = MIMEText(open(attach_file, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'gb2312')
        attachment["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
        attachment["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="XXX产品{0}月新增XX问题.xls"'. 
            format(last_month.month)
        msg.attach(attachment)

    msg['from'] = Header('XXXXXX', 'utf-8')
    msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
    msg["Accept-Language"] = "zh-CN"
    msg["Accept-Charset"] = "ISO-8859-1,utf-8"

    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP()
        server.connect(mail_host)
        server.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
        server.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
        server.quit()
    except Exception:
        logger.error(msg=traceback.format_exc())

html文件格式：

<img src="cid:image1">
<img src="cid:image2">