python socket通信

socket是一个模块, 又称套接字，用来封装 互联网协议(应用层以下的层)。

socket可以实现互联网协议 应用层以下的层 的工作，提高开发效率。

'''
client.py启动服务端后再启动客户端
'''
import socket

#1.买手机
client = socket.socket()  #拿到一个手机对象

#2.拨号
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',9527))  #客户端的ip和port必须与服务器一致

print('client is running')
#3.通信循环
#讲话给对方听
while True:

    send_data = input('客户端>>>:')
    client.send(send_data.encode('utf-8'))  #只能发bytes类型
    data = client.recv(1024)
    if data.decode('utf-8') == 'q':
        break
    if len(data) == 0:
        break

    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

#4.断开连接
client.close()

'''
server.py先启动套接字服务端
注意:
    客户端发送一次消息，服务端就得接受一次，再发送消息。
'''
import socket

#1.买手机
server = socket.socket()  #拿到一个手机对象
# print(server)    # server是用来收发链接请求，建立链接

#2.绑手机卡
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',9527)) #0-65535   #本地回环地址 ---》'127.0.0.1'

#3.开机（半连接池）
server.listen(5)  #同一时刻，最大请求数为5个  实际==6
print('sever is running')

#4.等待电话请求
#conn:指的是服务端往客户端的管道
#conn,addr = server.accept()   #(双向连接的套接字对象，存放客户端IP和端口的小元组）
# print(conn)  #conn代表双向链接，用来收发链接

#5.循环实现可接受多个用户访问
while True:
    #等待电话接入 --->接入客户端
    # conn: 指的是服务端往客户端的管道
    conn,addr = server.accpt()
    print(addr)

    #实现循环通信
    while True:
        try: #监听代码块是否有异常出现
            # 接受对方讲话的内容
            # data --->客户端发送过来的消息
            data = conn.recv(1024)  #1024接受的最大字节数bytes
            if len(data) == 0:
                break
            if data.decode('utf-8') == 'q':
                break
    
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
            send_data = input('服务器>>>:')
    
            #服务器往客户端发送消息
            conn.send(send_data.encode('utf-8'))
        # 捕获异常信息，并打印  # e: 报错信息
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break

#6.挂电话连接
conn.close()

并发实现套接字通信

import socket
#client
client = socket.socket()
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',9500))
print('Client is running')
while True:
    msg = input('客户端：').encode('utf-8')
    client.send(msg)
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print(data)

import socket
from threading import Thread
#server
#封装成函数
def communicate(conn):
    while True: #通信循环
        try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if len(data) == 0:
                break
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
            conn.send('好啊'.encode('utf-8'))
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
    conn.close()

def server(backlog=5):
    server = socket.socket()
    server.bind(('127.0.0.1',9500))
    server.listen(backlog)
    while True:  #链接循环
        conn,addr = server.accept()
        print(addr)
        t = Thread(target=communicate,args=(conn,))
        t.start()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = Thread(target=server)
    t.start()

版本二：半连接池版

import socket
#client
client = socket.socket()
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',9500))
print('Client is running')
while True:
    msg = input('客户端：').encode('utf-8')
    client.send(msg)
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print(data)

import socket
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

server = socket.socket()
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',9500))
server.listen(5)

#封装成一个函数
def run(conn):
    while True:
        try:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if len(data) == 0:
                break
            print(data.decode('utf-8'))
            conn.send('好啊'.encode('utf-8'))
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            break
    conn.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('Server is running')
    pool = ThreadPoolExecutor(100)
    while True:
        conn,addr = server.accept()
        pool.submit(run,conn)