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  • javascript学习2

    • 希望把某个元素移除你的视线:
      • display:none; 显示为无
      • visibility:hidden; 隐藏
      • width 或者 height
      • 透明度
      • left 或者 top
      • 拿一个白色DIV盖住它
      • margin负值
      • ......
    • 事件:鼠标事件、键盘事件、系统事件、表单事件、自定义事件……
      • onclick
      • onmouseover
      • onmouseout
      • onmousedown
      • onmouseup
      • onmousemove    就像是鼠标抚摸一样的事件
      • ...
      • onload 加载完以后执行…
      • window.onload = 事情
      • img.onload
      • body.onload
      • ...
    • 如何添加事件:
      • 元素.onmouseover
    • 函数:可以理解为-命令,做一些事~~
      • function abc(){ // 肯定不会主动执行的!
        ……
        }

        • 直接调用:abc();
        • 事件调用:元素.事件 = 函数名 oDiv.onclick = abc;
      • function (){} 匿名函数
      • 元素.事件 = function (){};
        <!DOCTYPE HTML>
        <html>
        <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
        <title>无标题文档</title>
        <style>
            li { list-style:none; }
            .lis { 
                width:80px;
                height:30px;
                border:1px solid #333;
                position:relative;
            }
            .lis a { 
                display:block;
                line-height:30px; 
                text-align:center;
                text-decoration:none;
                color:#000;
                background:#f1f1f1;
            }
            ul ul {
                padding:0;
                margin:0;
                width:140px; 
                border:1px solid #333; 
                position:absolute; 
                top:30px; 
                left:-1px; 
                background:#FF9; 
                display:none;
            }
            ul ul li {
                text-align:center;
                line-height:30px;
            }
        </style>
        </head>
        <body>
        <ul>
            <li id="lis" class="lis">
                <a id="link" href="#">微博</a>
                <ul id="ul1">
                    <li>私信</li>
                    <li>评论</li>
                    <li>@我</li>
                </ul>
          </li>
        </ul>
        
        <script>
            window.onload=function(){
                var li = document.getElementById('lis');
                var ul = document.getElementById('ul1');
                var a = document.getElementById('link');
                
                li.onmouseover = show;
                li.onmouseout = hide;
                
                function show(){
                    ul.style.display = 'block';
                    a.style.background = 'yellow';
                }
                
                function hide(){
                    ul.style.display = 'none';
                    a.style.background = '#f1f1f1';
                }
            }
        </script>
        </body>
        </html>
        View Code
    • HTML 的属性操作:读、写
      <!DOCTYPE HTML>
      <html>
      <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
      <title>无标题文档</title>
      <script>
      /*
          HTML 的属性操作:读、写
              属性名:
              属性值:
              
              读操作:获取、找到
              元素.属性名
              
              写操作:“添加?”、替换、修改
              元素.属性名 = 新的值        
      */
      window.onload = function (){
          var oBtn = document.getElementById('btn1');
          var oText = document.getElementById('text1');
          var oSelect = document.getElementById('select1');
      
          oBtn.onclick = function (){
              //oBtn.value = 'button';
              //oText.value = 123;
              oText.value = oSelect.value;
          };
      };
      </script>
      </head>
      <body>
          <input id="text1" type="text" />
          <select id="select1">
              <option value="北京">北京</option>
              <option value="上海">上海</option>
              <option value="杭州">杭州</option>
          </select>
          <input id="btn1" type="button" value="按钮" />
      </body>
      </html>
      View Code
    • 文字放大缩小例子
      <!DOCTYPE HTML>
      <html>
      <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
      <title>无标题文档</title>
      <script>
          window.onload = function (){
              var oBtn1 = document.getElementById('btn1');
              var oBtn2 = document.getElementById('btn2');
              var oP = document.getElementById('p1');
              var num = 14;
              
              oBtn1.onclick = function (){
                  if(num>12){
                      num -= 2;
                      oP.style.fontSize = num + 'px';
                  }
              };
              oBtn2.onclick = function (){
                  if(num<22){
                      num += 2;
                      oP.style.fontSize = num + 'px';
                  }
              };
          };
      </script>
      </head>
      <body>
          <input id="btn1" type="button" value="-" />
          <input id="btn2" type="button" value="+" />
          <p id="p1" style="font-size:16px;">10月28日晚,中央纪委监察部官网发布消息,贵州省委常委、遵义市委书记廖少华因涉嫌严重违纪违法接受组织调查。3天后中组部宣布对其免职。廖成为十八大后中纪委一连串"打虎"行动中第十一位落马的副省部级以上高官。</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      View Code
    • js中允许"."替换成"[]"
      <!DOCTYPE html>
      <html>
          <head>
              <meta charset="UTF-8">
              <title></title>
              <style>
                  #div1{
                      width:100px;
                      height:100px;
                      border:1px solid red;
                  }
              </style>
          </head>
          <body>
              请输入属性名称:<input type="text" id="attr"/><br/>
              请输入属性值:<input type="text" id="val"/>
              <input type="button" value="确定" id="btn1"/>
              <div id="div1"></div>
          </body>
          <script type="text/javascript">
              window.onload=function(){
                  var oAttr=document.getElementById("attr");
                  var oVal=document.getElementById("val");
                  var oBtn=document.getElementById("btn1");
                  var oDiv=document.getElementById("div1");
                  
                  //js中允许"."替换成"[]"
                  oBtn.onclick=function(){
                      oDiv.style[oAttr.value]=oVal.value;//[]里面的值可以随意写
                  }
              }
          </script>
      </html>
      View Code
    • 图片切换
      <!DOCTYPE html>
      <html>
          <head>
              <meta charset="UTF-8">
              <title></title>
              <style>
                  *{
                      padding:0;
                      margin:0;
                  }
                  #box{
                      width:400px;
                      height:400px;
                      background-color: #f1f1f1;
                      margin:auto;
                      border:2px groove red;
                      position: relative;
                  }
                  #prev,#next{
                      position: absolute;
                      top:160px;
                      font-size:30px;
                      text-decoration: none;
                      width:40px;
                      height:40px;
                      background-color: #000;
                      text-align: center;
                      color:#fff;
                      filter:alpha(opacity=90);
                      opacity: 0.9;
                  }
                  #prev{
                      left:10px;
                  }
                  #next{
                      right:10px;
                  }
                  #strong1,#p1{
                      position: absolute;
                      text-align: center;
                      width:100%;
                      text-align: center;
                      height:40px;
                      line-height: 40px;
                      background-color: #000;
                      color:#fff;
                  }
                  #strong1{
                      top:10px;
                  }
                  #p1{
                      bottom:0px;
                  }
                  #img1{
                      width:400px;
                      height:400px;
                  }
              </style>
          </head>
          <body>
              <div id="box">
                  <a id="prev" href="javascript:;"><</a>
                  <a id="next" href="javascript:;">></a>
                    <p id="p1">图片文字加载中……</p>
                    <strong id="strong1">图片数量计算中……</strong>
                  <img id="img1" />
              </div>
          </body>
          <script type="text/javascript">
              window.onload=function(){
                  var oPrev=document.getElementById('prev');
                  var oNext=document.getElementById('next');
                  var oP1=document.getElementById('p1');
                  var oStrong1=document.getElementById('strong1');
                  var oImg1=document.getElementById('img1');
                  
                  var imgArr=['img/1.jpg','img/2.jpg','img/3.jpg','img/4.jpg'];
                  var textArr=['第一张图片','第二张图片','第三张图片','第四张图片'];
                  var num=0;
                  
                  function fTab(){
                      oP1.innerHTML=textArr[num];
                      oStrong1.innerHTML = num+1 + ' / ' + textArr.length;
                      oImg1.src=imgArr[num];
                  }
                  fTab();
                  oPrev.onclick=function(){
                      num--;
                      if(num==-1){
                          num=textArr.length-1;
                      }
                      fTab();
                  }
                  oNext.onclick=function(){
                      num++;
                      if(num==textArr.length){
                          num=0;
                      }
                      fTab();
                  }
              }
          </script>
      </html>
      View Code
    • 自动生成5条新闻
      <!DOCTYPE html>
      <html>
          <head>
              <meta charset="UTF-8">
              <title></title>
              <script type="text/javascript">
                  window.onload=function(){
                      var arr=[
                         '新闻1新闻1新闻1新闻1新闻1新闻1新闻1 ',
                         '新闻2新闻2新闻2新闻2新闻2新闻2新闻2',
                         '新闻3新闻3新闻3新闻3新闻3新闻3新闻3',
                         '新闻4新闻4新闻4新闻4新闻4新闻4新闻4',
                         '新闻5新闻5新闻5新闻5新闻5新闻5新闻5'
                      ];
                  
                      var oBtn=document.getElementById('btn1');
                      var oUl=document.getElementById('list');
                      var len=arr.length;
                      
                      var onOff=true;//设置开关  提高用户体验
                      oBtn.onclick=function(){
                          if(onOff){
                              for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                                  oUl.innerHTML+='<li>'+arr[i]+'</li>'
                              }
                          }
                          onOff=false;
                      }
                  }
              </script>
          </head>
          <body>
              <input type="button" id="btn1" value="自动生成5条新闻"/>
              <ul id="list"></ul>
          </body>
      </html>
      View Code
    • 自定义属性:
      • 什么是自定义属性
        • 运用for循环为一组元素添加开关
          <!DOCTYPE html>
          <html>
              <head>
                  <meta charset="UTF-8">
                  <title>自定义属性</title>
                  <style>
                      li{
                          list-style: none;
                          width:114px;
                          height:140px;
                          background: url(img/normal.png);
                          float:left;
                          margin-right:20px;
                      }
                  </style>
                  <script type="text/javascript">
                      window.onload=function(){
                          var aLi=document.getElementsByTagName('li');
                          var len=aLi.length;
                          for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                              aLi[i].onOff=true;
                              aLi[i].onclick=function(){
                                  if(this.onOff){
                                      this.style.background='url(img/active.png)';
                                      this.onOff=false;
                                  }else{
                                      this.style.background='url(img/normal.png)';
                                      this.onOff=true;
                                  }
                              }
                          }
                      }
                  </script>
              </head>
              <body>
                  <ul>
                      <li></li>
                      <li></li>
                      <li></li>
                  </ul>
              </body>
          </html>
          View Code
        • <!DOCTYPE html>
          <html>
              <head>
                  <meta charset="UTF-8">
                  <title></title>
                  <script type="text/javascript">
                      window.onload=function(){
                          var aBtn=document.getElementsByTagName('input');
                          var len=aBtn.length;
                          var arr=['A','B','C','D'];
                          for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                              aBtn[i].num=0;
                              aBtn[i].onclick=function(){
                                  this.value=arr[this.num];
                                  this.num++;
                                  if(this.num===len){
                                      this.num=0;
                                  }
                              }
                          }
                      }
                  </script>
              </head>
              <body>
                  <input type="button"  value="0"/>
                  <input type="button"  value="0"/>
                  <input type="button"  value="0"/>
              </body>
          </html>
          View Code
        • 实例:点击当前列表,切换各自的class
      • 添加索引值
        • index索引值
          <!DOCTYPE html>
          <html>
              <head>
                  <meta charset="UTF-8">
                  <title></title>
                  <script type="text/javascript">
                      window.onload=function(){
                          var aBtn=document.getElementsByTagName('input');
                          var len=aBtn.length;
                          //想建立"匹配"关系,就用索引值
                          var arr=['韩梅梅','李雷','小花'];
                          for(var i=0;i<len;i++){
                              aBtn[i].index=i;//自定义属性  索引值
                              aBtn[i].onclick=function(){
                                  this.value=arr[this.index];
                              }
                          }
                      }
                  </script>
              </head>
              <body>
                  <input type="button"  value="btn1"/>
                  <input type="button"  value="btn2"/>
                  <input type="button"  value="btn3"/>
              </body>
          </html>
          View Code
        • 索引值运用:图片切换实例
          • 思路1:全部清除
          • 思路2:清除上一个
            <!DOCTYPE html>
            <html>
                <head>
                    <meta charset="UTF-8">
                    <title></title>
                    <style>
                        body{
                            background-color: #333;
                        }
                        ul,p{
                            padding:0;
                            margin:0;
                        }
                        li{
                            list-style: none;
                        }
                        #pic{
                            width: 400px;
                            height:500px;
                            position: relative;
                            margin:0 auto;
                            background: url(img/loader_ico.gif) center center no-repeat;
                        }
                        #pic img{
                            width:400px;
                            height: 500px;
                        }
                        #pic ul{
                            width:40px;
                            position:absolute;
                            top:0;
                            right:-50px;
                        }
                        #pic li{
                            width:40px;
                            height:40px;
                            margin-bottom: 4px;
                            background-color: #666;
                        }
                        #pic .active{
                            background-color: #fc3;
                        }
                        #pic p,
                        #pic span{
                            width:400px;
                            height:30px;
                            line-height: 30px;
                            text-align: center;
                            color:#fff;
                            position: absolute;
                            background-color: #333;
                        }
                        #pic p{
                            bottom:0;
                        }
                        #pic span{
                            top:0;
                        }
                    </style>
                    <script type="text/javascript">
                        window.onload=function(){
                            var oPic=document.getElementById('pic');
                            var oImg=oPic.getElementsByTagName('img')[0];
                            var oSpan=oPic.getElementsByTagName('span')[0];
                            var oP=oPic.getElementsByTagName('p')[0];
                            var oUl=oPic.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
                            var aLi=oUl.getElementsByTagName('li');
                            var arrUrl=['img/1.png','img/2.png','img/3.png','img/4.png'];
                            var arrText=['小宠物','图片二','图片三','面具'];
                            var num=0;
                            var oldLi=null;
                            
                            for(var i=0;i<arrUrl.length;i++){
                                oUl.innerHTML+='<li></li>';
                            }
                            oldLi=aLi[num];
                            //初始化
                            oImg.src=arrUrl[num];
                            oSpan.innerHTML=num+1+'/'+arrUrl.length;
                            oP.innerHTML=arrText[num];
                            aLi[num].className='active';
                            
                            for(var i=0;i<aLi.length;i++){
                                aLi[i].index=i;
                                aLi[i].onclick=function(){
                                    oImg.src=arrUrl[this.index];
                                    oSpan.innerHTML=this.index+1+'/'+arrUrl.length;
                                    oP.innerHTML=arrText[this.index];
                                    
                                    /*
                                        <li class="active"></li>
                                        <li></li>
                                        <li></li>
                                        <li></li>
                                    */
                                    
                                    // 思路一:全部清空,当前添加
                                    /*for( var i=0; i<aLi.length; i++ ){
                                        aLi[i].className = '';
                                    }
                                    this.className = 'active';*/
                                    
                                    
                                    // 思路二:清空上个,当前添加
                                    oldLi.className = '';
                                    oldLi = this;
                                    this.className = 'active';
                                    
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    </script>
                </head>
                <body>
                    <div id="pic">
                        <img src="" alt="" />
                        <span>数量正在加载中...</span>
                        <p>正在加载中...</p>
                        <ul>
                            
                        </ul>
                    </div>
                </body>
            </html>
            View Code
      • 图片切换实例
        • this引用
        • 函数合并
          <!DOCTYPE html>
          <html>
              <head>
                  <meta charset="UTF-8">
                  <title></title>
                  <style>
                      body{
                          background-color: #333;
                      }
                      ul,p{
                          padding:0;
                          margin:0;
                      }
                      li{
                          list-style: none;
                      }
                      #pic{
                          width: 400px;
                          height:500px;
                          position: relative;
                          margin:0 auto;
                          background: url(img/loader_ico.gif) center center no-repeat;
                      }
                      #pic img{
                          width:400px;
                          height: 500px;
                      }
                      #pic ul{
                          width:40px;
                          position:absolute;
                          top:0;
                          right:-50px;
                      }
                      #pic li{
                          width:40px;
                          height:40px;
                          margin-bottom: 4px;
                          background-color: #666;
                      }
                      #pic .active{
                          background-color: #fc3;
                      }
                      #pic p,
                      #pic span{
                          width:400px;
                          height:30px;
                          line-height: 30px;
                          text-align: center;
                          color:#fff;
                          position: absolute;
                          background-color: #333;
                      }
                      #pic p{
                          bottom:0;
                      }
                      #pic span{
                          top:0;
                      }
                  </style>
                  <script type="text/javascript">
                      window.onload=function(){
                          var oPic=document.getElementById('pic');
                          var oImg=oPic.getElementsByTagName('img')[0];
                          var oSpan=oPic.getElementsByTagName('span')[0];
                          var oP=oPic.getElementsByTagName('p')[0];
                          var oUl=oPic.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
                          var aLi=oUl.getElementsByTagName('li');
                          var arrUrl=['img/1.png','img/2.png','img/3.png','img/4.png'];
                          var arrText=['小宠物','图片二','图片三','面具'];
                          var num=0;
                          var oldLi=null;
                          
                          for(var i=0;i<arrUrl.length;i++){
                              oUl.innerHTML+='<li></li>';
                          }
                          oldLi=aLi[num];
                          //初始化
                          fTab();
                          function fTab(){
                              oImg.src=arrUrl[num];
                              oSpan.innerHTML=num+1+'/'+arrUrl.length;
                              oP.innerHTML=arrText[num];
                              
                              for( var i=0; i<aLi.length; i++ ){
                                  aLi[i].className = '';
                              }
                              aLi[num].className = 'active';
                          }
                          
                          for(var i=0;i<aLi.length;i++){
                              aLi[i].index=i;
                              aLi[i].onclick=function(){
                                  num=this.index;
                                  fTab();
                              }
                          }
                      }
                  </script>
              </head>
              <body>
                  <div id="pic">
                      <img src="" alt="" />
                      <span>数量正在加载中...</span>
                      <p>正在加载中...</p>
                      <ul>
                          
                      </ul>
                  </div>
              </body>
          </html>
          View Code 
      • QQ列表图片提示实例
        • 获取相邻元素
          • 索引值匹配
        • 为嵌套元素添加索引值
          • 计数器
        • 点击高亮显示当前状态
          • 数组push方法
        • 展开收缩列表扩展版
          • 选择除当前以外的其他元素
        • <!DOCTYPE html>
          <html>
              <head>
                  <meta charset="UTF-8">
                  <title></title>
                  <style>
                      ul , h2 {
                           padding:0;
                           margin:0; 
                      }
                      li { 
                          list-style:none; 
                      }
                      #list { 
                          width:240px;
                          border:1px solid #333;
                          margin:0 auto;
                      }
                      #list .lis {}
                      #list h2 { 
                          height:30px;
                          line-height:30px; 
                          text-indent:20px; 
                          background:url(img/ico1.gif) no-repeat 5px center #6FF; 
                          color:#000; 
                      }
                      #list .active { 
                          background:url(img/ico2.gif) no-repeat 5px center #FF9;
                          color:#000;
                      }
                      #list ul { 
                          display:none;
                      }
                      #list ul li { 
                          line-height:24px; 
                          border-bottom:1px solid #333; 
                          text-indent:24px;
                      }
                      #list ul .hover { 
                          background:#6FF; 
                      }
                  </style>
                  <script type="text/javascript">
                      window.onload=function(){
                          var oUl=document.getElementById('list');
                          var aH2=oUl.getElementsByTagName('h2');
                          var aUl=oUl.getElementsByTagName('ul');
                          var aLi=null;
                          var arrLi=[];
                          
                          for(var i=0;i<aH2.length;i++){
                              aH2[i].index=i;
                              aH2[i].onclick=function(){
                                  
                                  for(var i=0;i<aUl.length;i++){
                                      aUl[i].style.display='none';
                                  }
                                  aUl[this.index].style.display='block';
                                  
                                  if(this.className==''){
                                      aUl[this.index].style.display='block';
                                      this.className='active';
                                  }else{
                                      aUl[this.index].style.display='none';
                                      this.className='';
                                  }
                              }
                          }
                          
                          for(var i=0;i<aUl.length;i++){
                              aLi=aUl[i].getElementsByTagName('li');
                              for(var j=0;j<aLi.length;j++){
                                  arrLi.push(aLi[j]);
                              }
                          }
                          
                          for(var i=0;i<arrLi.length;i++){
                              arrLi[i].onclick=function(){
                                  for(var i=0;i<arrLi.length;i++){//全部清除
                                      arrLi[i].className='';
                                  }
                                  this.className='hover';//给当前加class
                              }
                          }
                      }
                  </script>
              </head>
              <body>
                  <ul id="list">
                      <li class="lis">
                            <h2>我的好友</h2>
                          <ul>
                              <li>张三</li>
                              <li>张三</li>
                              <li>张三</li>
                              <li>张三</li>
                          </ul>
                      </li>
                      <li class="lis">
                            <h2>企业好友</h2>
                          <ul>
                              <li>李四</li>
                              <li>李四</li>
                              <li>李四</li>
                              <li>李四</li>
                              <li>李四</li>
                          </ul>
                      </li>
                      <li class="lis">
                            <h2>黑名单</h2>
                          <ul>
                              <li>张小三</li>
                              <li>李小四</li>
                          </ul>
                      </li>
                  </ul>
              </body>
          </html>
          View Code
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/web-Knowledge/p/7107725.html
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