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化零为整WCF(5) - 宿主Hosting(宿主在IIS, Application, WAS, WindowsService)
作者：webabcd
介绍
WCF(Windows Communication Foundation) - 宿主(Hosting)：WCF服务可以宿主在IIS, Application, WAS, WindowsService。本文以宿主在WindowsService为例。
示例
1、服务
IHello.cs
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ServiceModel;namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Sample
{
/// <summary>
/// IHello接口
/// </summary> [ServiceContract] public interface IHello { /// <summary> /// 打招呼方法 /// </summary> /// <param name="name">人名</param> /// <returns></returns> [OperationContract] string SayHello(string name); }
}Hello.cs
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ServiceModel;namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Sample{ /// <summary> /// Hello类 /// </summary> public class Hello : IHello { /// <summary> /// 打招呼方法 /// </summary> /// <param name="name">人名</param> /// <returns></returns> public string SayHello(string name) { return "Hello: " + name; } }}2、宿主
Hello.cs(WindowsService)
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Configuration;using System.Configuration.Install;using System.ServiceModel;using System.ServiceProcess;namespace WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService.Sample{ /// <summary> /// 初始化 System.Configuration.Install.Installer 类的新实例。 /// </summary> [RunInstaller(true)] public class ProjectInstaller : Installer { private ServiceProcessInstaller process; private ServiceInstaller service; /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> public ProjectInstaller() { process = new ServiceProcessInstaller(); process.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem; service = new ServiceInstaller(); service.ServiceName = "WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService"; service.Description = "WCF服务宿主在WindowsService[webabcd测试用]"; base.Installers.Add(process); base.Installers.Add(service); } } /// <summary> /// Windows服务类 /// </summary> public class WindowsService : ServiceBase { public ServiceHost serviceHost = null; /// <summary> /// 主函数 /// </summary> public static void Main() { ServiceBase.Run(new WindowsService()); } /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> public WindowsService() { base.ServiceName = "WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService"; } /// <summary> /// 启动Windows服务 /// </summary> /// <param name="args">args</param> protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { if (serviceHost != null) { serviceHost.Close(); } // 为WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.Hello创建ServiceHost serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.Hello)); serviceHost.Open();
ServiceHost的几个事件（顾名思义） } /// <summary> /// 停止Windows服务 /// </summary> protected override void OnStop() { if (serviceHost != null) { serviceHost.Close(); serviceHost = null; } } }}App.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration> <system.serviceModel> <services> <!--name - 提供服务的类名--> <!--behaviorConfiguration - 指定相关的行为配置--> <service name="WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.Hello" behaviorConfiguration="SampleBehavior"> <!--address - 服务地址--> <!--binding - 通信方式--> <!--contract - 服务契约--> <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.IHello" /> <!--元数据交换的endpoint--> <!--注：address是mex，它会和host/baseAddresses节点中的baseAddress做拼接，即提供元数据交换的地址为：http://localhost:12345/Binding/mex--> <endpoint binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" address="mex" /> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:11233/ServiceHostByWindowsService/"/> </baseAddresses> </host> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="SampleBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel></configuration>3、客户端
Hello.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Hello.aspx.cs" Inherits="Hosting_Hello" Title="宿主Hosting(服务宿主在WindowsService)" %><asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" runat="Server"></asp:Content><asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server"> <div> <ul> <li style="color: Red;">本例为宿主在WindowsService的示例</li> <li>宿主在IIS请参见本解决方案的ServiceHost项目</li> <li>宿主在应用程序请参见本解决方案的ServiceHost2项目</li> <li>应用程序自宿主就是把本解决方案的ServiceLib项目和ServiceHost2项目结合在一起</li> <li>宿主在Windows Activation Services(WAS)，因为我没有环境，就先不写示例了</li> </ul> </div> <asp:TextBox ID="txtName" runat="server" Text="webabcd" /> <asp:Button ID="btnSayHello" runat="server" Text="Hello" OnClick="btnSayHello_Click" /></asp:Content>Hello.aspx.cs
using System;using System.Collections;using System.Configuration;using System.Data;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Xml.Linq;public partial class Hosting_Hello : System.Web.UI.Page{ protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } protected void btnSayHello_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { var proxy = new HostingByWindowsService.HelloClient(); Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript( this.GetType(), "js", string.Format("alert('{0}')", proxy.SayHello(txtName.Text)), true); proxy.Close(); }}Web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?><configuration> <system.serviceModel> <client> <!--address - 服务地址--> <!--binding - 通信方式--> <!--contract - 服务契约--> <endpoint address="http://localhost:11233/ServiceHostByWindowsService/" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Sample.IHello" /> </client> </system.serviceModel></configuration>运行结果：
启动"WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService"服务，单击"Hello"按钮后弹出提示框，显示"Hello: webabcd"
OK
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