elasticsearch基本操作

基础操作

# 添加数据
# PUT 索引名/类型/文档id
PUT a1/doc/1
{
  "name": "阿飞的小姨妈",
  "age": 18
}

PUT a1/doc/2
{
  "name": "阿飞的二姨妈",
  "age": 16
}

PUT a1/doc/3
{
  "name": "阿飞的老姨妈",
  "age":16
}


# 获取文档中的一条数据
# GET 索引名/类型/文档id
GET a1/doc/1
# 获取文档中的所有数据
GET a1/doc/_search

# 删除一条
# DELETE 索引名/类型/文档id
DELETE a1/doc/3
# 删除所有
DELETE a1/

# 更新一条数据
# POST 索引名/类型/文档id/_update
POST a1/doc/1/_update
{
    "doc":{
      "age": 20
      }
}

# 查询所有的索引
GET _cat/indices?v

# head确认索引是否存在
HEAD a1  # 返回200,不存在返回404

查询的两种方式

- query string
- DSL结构化查询
# 查询年龄为18的
GET a1/doc/_search?q=age:18

GET a1/doc/_search
{
   "query":{
      "match":{
            "age":18
      }
      }
}

match系列查询

GET a1/doc/_search
{
   "query":{
      "match":{
            "name":"张磊"
      }
      }
}

# 查询包含白和可爱的，查询的结果为包含一个字和两字的，只要在这三个字里面的任意一个有都会返回
GET a1/doc/_search
{
  "query":{
      "match":{
            "tag":"白 可爱"
      }
      }
}

match_phrase短语查询

# 查询可爱，这个不会拆分，按整体查询
GET a1/doc/_search
{
   "query":{
      "match_phrase":{
            "tag":"可爱"
            }
      }
}
# 特殊参数 slop ，表示间隔，比如 中国是世界，我们查询的时候输入中国世界，查询结果没有对应的返回数据。但是我们加上slop:1，表示跳过1个间隔去匹配
GET a1/doc/_search
{
   "query":{
      "match_phrase":{
            title:{
            "query":"中国世界",
            "slop": 1
      }      
      }
      }
}

match_all查询所有

GET a1/doc/_search
{
   "query":{
      "match_all":{}
      }
}

排序查询 sort

# 插入测试数据
PUT s22/doc/1
{
  "name":"张磊",
  "age":26,
  "desc": "大保健,shen不好",
  "tag": ["篮球","上午"],
  "both": "1990-11-12",
  "city":"河北"
}

PUT s22/doc/2
{
  "name":"罗新宇",
  "age":26,
  "desc": "小帅x,shen不好",
  "tag": ["针灸","爱推拿"],
  "both": "1988-12-12",
  "city":"山东"
}


PUT s22/doc/3
{
  "name":"苏守丽",
  "age":18,
  "desc": "大美妞，天生丽质难自弃",
  "tag": ["白","fu","美","可爱"],
  "both": "1999-08-15",
  "city":"山西"
}


PUT s22/doc/4
{
  "name":"崔雪飞",
  "age":18,
  "desc": "大美女，天生丽质难自弃",
  "tag": ["白","fu","美","乖巧"],
  "both": "1999-08-15",
  "city":"辽宁"
}


PUT s22/doc/5
{
  "name":"he明明",
  "age":25,
  "desc": "大美女，天生丽质难自弃",
  "tag": ["白","fu","美","乖巧"],
  "both": "1999-08-15",
  "city":"河北"
}


PUT s22/doc/6
{
  "name":"何青青",
  "age":28,
  "desc": "大美女，天生丽质难自弃",
  "tag": ["白","fu","美","乖巧"],
  "both": "1999-08-15",
  "city":"河北"
}


# 按年龄降序排序 sort排序
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "sort": [
    {
      "age": {
        "order": "desc"
      }
    }
  ]
}

分页查询 from和size

# 分页 from和size 从什么开始返回几条数据
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "from": 0,
  "size": 2
}

布尔查询

# must(and)
# should(or)
# must_not(not)
# filter

# must
# 查询city是河北的
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "city": "河北"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

# 查询city是河北的，并且年龄是26的
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "city": "河北"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "age": 26
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

# should 或者
# 查询city是河北，或者年龄是26的人
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "match": {
            "city": "河北"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "age": 26
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

# must_not
# 查询city不是河北，年龄又不是18的
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must_not": [
        {
          "match": {
            "city": "河北"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "age": "18"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}


# filter
# 查询city是河北，年龄大于25的
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "city": "河北"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "gt": 25         
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

结果过滤 _source

# 查询city是河北，年龄大于25的city字段结果
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "city": "河北"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "gt": 25
            
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "_source": ["city"]
}

高亮查询

# 高亮显示丽质
# 默认
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "desc": "丽质"
    }
  },
  "_source": ["desc"],
  "highlight": {
    "fields": {
      "desc": {}
    }
  }
}

# 自定义高亮显示
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "desc": "丽质"
    }
  },
  "_source": ["desc"],
  "highlight": {
    "pre_tags": "<b style='color: green'>",  # 前半段
    "post_tags": "</b>",                    # 后半段
    "fields": {
      "desc": {}
    }
  }
}

聚合函数

# 聚合函数 max avg min sum
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "aggs": {
    "my_avg": {
      "avg": {
        "field": "age"
      }
    }
  }
}

分组查询

# 分组
GET s22/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "avg_group": {
      "range": {
        "field": "age",
        "ranges": [
          {
            "from": 15,
            "to": 20
          },
          {
            "from":20,
            "to":25
          },
          {
            "from":25,
            "to":30
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}