hivesql导出本地文件

介绍

做数据分析的时候，经常会用到hive -e "sql" > xxx.txt或者最原始的hive命令行来获得查询结果，然后再将查询结果放到Excel等工具中，但是如果查询的字段太多，这时候将查询结果放到Excel会经常会碰到错位问题，很是头疼.

解决方案一：借助linux管道替换输出分隔符

样例如下：

# 方法一：sed

hive -e "select * from db.table_name" | sed 's/	/,/g' > ./abc.txt

 

# 方法二：tr

hive -e "select * from db.table_name" | tr "	" ","

结果查看如下：

$ cat abc.txt 

解决方案二：借助Hive的insert语法

代码如下：

insert overwrite local directory 'path'
row format delimited
fields terminated by ','
select xxxx 
from xxxx;

上面的sql将会把查询结果写到指定目录中，字段之间以‘,’分隔

结果如下：

$ ls path

000000_0

官方介绍：

Standard syntax:

INSERT OVERWRITE [LOCAL] DIRECTORY directory1

  [ROW FORMAT row_format] [STORED AS file_format] (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.11.0)

  SELECT ... FROM ...

Hive extension (multiple inserts):

FROM from_statement

INSERT OVERWRITE [LOCAL] DIRECTORY directory1 select_statement1

[INSERT OVERWRITE [LOCAL] DIRECTORY directory2 select_statement2] ...

row_format

  : DELIMITED [FIELDS TERMINATED BY char [ESCAPED BY char]] [COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY char]

        [MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY char] [LINES TERMINATED BY char]

        [NULL DEFINED AS char] (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.13)