Design your implementation of the circular queue. The circular queue is a linear data structure in which the operations are performed based on FIFO (First In First Out) principle and the last position is connected back to the first position to make a circle. It is also called "Ring Buffer".
One of the benefits of the circular queue is that we can make use of the spaces in front of the queue. In a normal queue, once the queue becomes full, we cannot insert the next element even if there is a space in front of the queue. But using the circular queue, we can use the space to store new values.
Your implementation should support following operations:
MyCircularQueue(k)
: Constructor, set the size of the queue to be k.Front
: Get the front item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return -1.Rear
: Get the last item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return -1.enQueue(value)
: Insert an element into the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful.deQueue()
: Delete an element from the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful.isEmpty()
: Checks whether the circular queue is empty or not.isFull()
: Checks whether the circular queue is full or not.
Example:
MyCircularQueue circularQueue = new MyCircularQueue(3); // set the size to be 3 circularQueue.enQueue(1); // return true circularQueue.enQueue(2); // return true circularQueue.enQueue(3); // return true circularQueue.enQueue(4); // return false, the queue is full circularQueue.Rear(); // return 3 circularQueue.isFull(); // return true circularQueue.deQueue(); // return true circularQueue.enQueue(4); // return true circularQueue.Rear(); // return 4
Note:
- All values will be in the range of [0, 1000].
- The number of operations will be in the range of [1, 1000].
- Please do not use the built-in Queue library.
class MyCircularQueue { final int[] arr; int front = 0, len = 0, rear = -1; /** Initialize your data structure here. Set the size of the queue to be k. */ public MyCircularQueue(int k) { arr = new int[k]; } /** Insert an element into the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful. */ public boolean enQueue(int value) { if(isFull()) return false; else{ rear = (1 + rear) % arr.length; arr[rear] = value; len++; } return true; } /** Delete an element from the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful. */ public boolean deQueue() { if(isEmpty()) return false; else{ front = (1 + front) % arr.length; len--; } return true; } /** Get the front item from the queue. */ public int Front() { return isEmpty() ? -1 : arr[front]; } /** Get the last item from the queue. */ public int Rear() { return isEmpty() ? -1 : arr[rear]; } /** Checks whether the circular queue is empty or not. */ public boolean isEmpty() { return len == 0; } /** Checks whether the circular queue is full or not. */ public boolean isFull() { return len == arr.length; } } /** * Your MyCircularQueue object will be instantiated and called as such: * MyCircularQueue obj = new MyCircularQueue(k); * boolean param_1 = obj.enQueue(value); * boolean param_2 = obj.deQueue(); * int param_3 = obj.Front(); * int param_4 = obj.Rear(); * boolean param_5 = obj.isEmpty(); * boolean param_6 = obj.isFull(); */
像设置两个指针一样,front和end,用mod来实现circular,用数组实现调取和存入,len是当前queue的size。
每次入队列不会影响front,只改变往后挪一位rear
同样每次出队列不会影响rear,也往后挪一位front,如果超了数组长度就通过mod重来