#
# GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/i386
#
# For more information on this file, please read the handbook section on
# Kernel Configuration Files:
#
# http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html
#
# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the
# latest information.
#
# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
# device lines is also present in the ./LINT configuration file. If you are
# in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first in LINT.
#
# $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.246.2.62.2.1 2005/01/14
machine i386 # ***机器的架构,因为FreeBSD是在X86上运行的
cpu I386_CPU # 386 的电脑
cpu I486_CPU # 486 的电脑
cpu I586_CPU # 586 的电脑
cpu I686_CPU
上面的选项中指出了你的系统中所用的CPU类型。如果不确定你的CPU类型,可以使用dmesg命令查看你的启动信息来确定
ident WENUS # 内核标识,你自己起的名字,以有别于GENERIC的名称。
maxusers 0 #这个 maxusers 选项设置了重要系统表的大小。它的值决定了系统同时可有多少个进程这个数值粗略地假设您的机器同时会有多少用户.从FreeBSD 4.5开始,如果手动设置这个值为0系统将会自动赋值。在FreeBSD 5.X 和更高版本中,maxusers 如果没有定义,将缺省为 0
#makeoptions DEBUG=-g #打开内核调试, 一般人用不到. 测试 -CURRENT 分支时打开
#options MATH_EMULATE #如果你的计算机没有浮点运算处理器(386 或486SX) ,这行将使得内核提供软件仿真的浮点运算处理器。如果 你用的是486DX 或是386SX 、486SX( 还加装了387 、487芯片)或更高的(Pentium 、Pentium II 等)则不需 要这行设置
options INET # 网络支持,强烈要求保留它,大部分的程序至少需要回环网络
#options INET6 #启用IPv6 通讯协议
options FFS #伯克利加速文件系统,最基本的硬盘文件系统,如果打算从本地硬盘启动
options FFS_ROOT #FFS作为根设备注意:在FreeBSD 5.X中,FFS_ROOT已不是必须的了.
options SOFTUPDATES #使内核支持Soft Updates, 以加快磁盘的写入速度。要真正使用该功能,还得打开分区的相应参数。通过 mount命令的输出,可以看到磁盘的 soft-updates 是否已经打开。如果没打开,则可通过tunefs(对现有的文件系统)或newfs(对新文件系统)命令,进行调整以实现对soft-updates的支持
options UFS_DIRHASH #这个选项可以在有大量目录文件时,加快磁盘操作速度,而代价就时使用更大的内存。它对大型服务器,或交互式工作站比较有用,而如果是个小型的系统,如一个防火墙,则没必要使用它,因为额外的内存使用换来 的是磁盘速度的一点点提升
options MFS #Memory-mapped文件系统.RAM disk,用于存放临时文件以提高速度.有很大的swap空间,使用这个选项会比较有用
options MD_ROOT #这个选项将打开以基于内存的虚拟磁盘作为根设备的支持
options NFS #网络文件系统
options NFS_ROOT # NFS作为跟文件系统; 需要NFSCLIENT
#options MSDOSFS # MS-DOS® 文件系统
options CD9660 #用于 CDROM 的 ISO 9660 文件系统
options CD9660_ROOT #CD-ROM作为跟文件系统, 需要CD9660支持
options PROCFS #进程文件系统
options COMPAT_43 #使系统兼容4.3BSD
options SCSI_DELAY=2000 #探测SCSI前的延时
options UCONSOLE #允许用户找到控制台信息
options USERCONFIG #允许你从启动菜单启动配置编辑器
options VISUAL_USERCONFIG #允许你从启动菜单启动菜单驱动的配置编辑器
#options KTRACE #启动内核进程跟踪(调试时用)
options SYSVSHM #提供System V共享内存(SHM)的支持(绘图程序可能会用到)
options SYSVMSG #支持System V消息队列
options SYSVSEM #支持System V 信号量
options P1003_1B #在1993年POSIX®添加的实时扩展(StarOffice等会用到)
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING #同上
options ICMP_BANDLIM #这个选项启用基于带宽限制的ICMP 的错误响应。你使用这个选项可以帮助你保护你的机器免受拒绝式服务攻击。注意: FreeBSD 5.X, 已经默认支持这种功能,而不需要有ICMP_BANDLIM选项
options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV #这个选项与键盘有关。它在 /dev中安装一个CDEV项
#options AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT #调试时显示寄存器bit域
#驱动程序将因此增大约128K
#options AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT #调试时显示寄存器bit域
#驱动程序将因此增大约215K
# SMP 支持所必需的
#options SMP # 支持对称多处理器内核时需要
#options APIC_IO #对称 (APIC) I/O
device isa #所有为 FreeBSD 所支持的 PC 都需要这个设置, 即使没有 ISA 插槽也是一样
device eisa #主机板上有EISA总线时用
device pci #主板有PCI总线时用,自动扫描PCI卡,并在PCI到ISA之间建立通路
#软驱控制器
#device fdc0 at isa? port IO_FD1 irq 6 drq 2
#device fd0 at fdc0 drive 0
#device fd1 at fdc0 drive 1 #软盘控制器:fd0 是A: 盘,fd1 是B: 盘。
#
# If you have a Toshiba Libretto with its Y-E Data PCMCIA floppy,
# don't use the above line for fdc0 but the following one:
#device fdc0
# ATA 和 ATAPI 设备
device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 #用在比较老的,非PCI 的系统中
device ata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15 #用在比较老的,非PCI 的系统中
device ata # 提供所有ATA 和ATAPI 设备支持(下面各项,必备这项)
device atadisk # ATAPI 磁盘驱动器
device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM 驱动器
#device atapifd # ATAPI 软盘驱动器
#device atapist # ATAPI 磁带机驱动器
options ATA_STATIC_ID #指定对控制器使用其静态的编号
# SCSI 控制器
#device ahb # EISA AHA1742 family
#device ahc # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
#device ahd # AHA39320/29320 and onboard AIC79xx devices
#device amd # AMD 53C974 (Tekram DC-390(T))
#device isp # Qlogic family
#device mpt # LSI-Logic MPT/Fusion
#device ncr # NCR/Symbios Logic
#device sym # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets)
#options SYM_SETUP_LP_PROBE_MAP=0x40
# Allow ncr to attach legacy NCR devices when
# both sym and ncr are configured
device adv0 at isa?
device adw
device bt0 at isa?
device aha0 at isa?
device aic0 at isa?
#device ncv # NCR 53C500
#device nsp # Workbit Ninja SCSI-3
#device stg # TMC 18C30/18C50
# SSCSI外围设备
device scbus # SCSI bus (required)
device da # Direct Access (disks)
#device sa # Sequential Access (tape etc)
#device cd # CD
#device pass # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
# 通过SCSI接口的RAID控制器
device asr # DPT SmartRAID V, VI and Adaptec SCSI RAID
#device dpt # DPT Smartcache - See LINT for options!
#device iir # Intel Integrated RAID
#device mly # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID
#device ciss # Compaq SmartRAID 5* series
#device twa # 3ware 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID
# RAID控制器
device aac # Adaptec FSA RAID, Dell PERC2/PERC3
#device aacp # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires
#device ida # Compaq Smart RAID
#device ips # IBM/Adaptec ServeRAID
#device amr # AMI MegaRAID
#device mlx # Mylex DAC960 family
#device pst # Promise Supertrak SX6000
#device twe # 3ware Escalade
# 键盘控制器(atkbdc)提供AT 键盘以及PS/2 定点设备的I/O 服务。
device atkbdc0 at isa? port IO_KBD #键盘驱动程序(atkbd)与PS/2 定# 点设备驱动程序(psm)需要它
device atkbd0 at atkbdc? irq 1 flags 0x1 #atkbd 驱动,与atkbdc 控制器一起作用
device psm0 at atkbdc? irq 12 # PS/2鼠标端口,PS/2鼠标用
device vga0 at isa? #显卡驱动
#启动画面!屏保也需要它
pseudo-device splash
# sc0 是默认的控制台驱动,类似于SCO地控制台
device sc0 at isa? flags 0x100
#起用兼容 VT220 的控制台驱动
#device vt0 at isa?
#options XSERVER # support for X server on a vt console
#options FAT_CURSOR # start with block cursor
# If you have a ThinkPAD, uncomment this along with the rest of the PCVT lines
#options PCVT_SCANSET=2 # IBM keyboards are non-std
device agp # support several AGP chipsets
# 移动的指点设备(触摸屏) - do not disable.
device npx0 at nexus? port IO_NPX irq 13
# 高级电源管理
device apm0 at nexus? disable flags 0x20 # Advanced Power Management
# PCMCIA支持。如果您使用膝上型计算机
#device card
#device pcic0 at isa? irq 0 port 0x3e0 iomem 0xd0000
#device pcic1 at isa? irq 0 port 0x3e2 iomem 0xd4000 disable
# 串口COM口支持
device sio0 at isa? port IO_COM1 flags 0x10 irq 4
device sio1 at isa? port IO_COM2 irq 3
device sio2 at isa? disable port IO_COM3 irq 5
device sio3 at isa? disable port IO_COM4 irq 9
# 并口支持
device ppc0 at isa? irq 7 # ISA-bus并行接口
device ppbus #并行总线的支持
device lpt #并口打印机的支持
device plip #针对并行网络接口的驱动器
device ppi #普通用途的I/O (“geek port”) + IEEE1284 I/O
#device vpo #针对Iomega Zip驱动器的
# PCI网卡驱动器
device de # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')
#device em # Intel PRO/1000 adapter Gigabit Ethernet Card (``Wiseman'')
#device txp # 3Com 3cR990 (``Typhoon'')
#device vx # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')
#以下PCI以太网卡需要MII bus支持才能用
device miibus # MII bus support
#device dc # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes
#device fxp # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
#device pcn # AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100 NICs
device rl # RealTek 8129/8139
#device sf # Adaptec AIC-6915 (``Starfire'')
#device sis # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
#device ste # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)
#device tl # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
#device tx # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ``EPIC'')
#device vr # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
#device wb # Winbond W89C840F
#device xl # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')
#device bge # Broadcom BCM570x (``Tigon III'')
# ISA 以太网卡
# 'device ed' requires 'device miibus'
device ed0 at isa? disable port 0x280 irq 10 iomem 0xd8000
device ex
device ep
device fe0 at isa? disable port 0x300
# Xircom Ethernet
device xe
# PRISM I IEEE 802.11b 无线网卡.
#device awi
# WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11 wireless NICs. Note: the WaveLAN/IEEE really
# exists only as a PCMCIA device, so there is no ISA attachment needed
# and resources will always be dynamically assigned by the pccard code.
device wi
# Aironet 4500/4800 802.11 wireless NICs. Note: the declaration below will
# work for PCMCIA and PCI cards, as well as ISA cards set to ISA PnP
# mode (the factory default). If you set the switches on your ISA
# card for a manually chosen I/O address and IRQ, you must specify
# those parameters here.
device an
# The probe order of these is presently determined by i386/isa/isa_compat.c.
device ie0 at isa? disable port 0x300 irq 10 iomem 0xd0000
#device le0 at isa? disable port 0x300 irq 5 iomem 0xd0000
device lnc0 at isa? disable port 0x280 irq 10 drq 0
device cs0 at isa? disable port 0x300
device sn0 at isa? disable port 0x300 irq 10
#伪设备- the number indicates how many units to allocate.
pseudo-device loop #自环网络
pseudo-device ether #仅有以太网卡时才需要。包含了通用的以太网协议代码。
pseudo-device sl 1 # Sl 是对SLIP 提供支持的。这已经完全被PPP 所代替
pseudo-device ppp 1 #内核支持PPP 拨号连接
pseudo-device tun #用户模式的PPP软件需要.tun后面接的数字设置系统同时能支持几PPP连接
pseudo-device pty # pty 是虚拟终端,或仿真的登陆入口(telnet etc)
pseudo-device md #内存磁盘 pseudo.
pseudo-device gif # IPv6对IPv4隧道
pseudo-device faith 1 # IPv6对IPv4转发
#这是Berkeley 的封包过滤器。这个虚拟设备能将网络接口设置成混杂模式,并在广播网络(如,以太网)#上捕获所有封包。这些封包能被存到磁盘上或被tcpdump 程序检查
pseudo-device bpf # Berkeley 包过滤器
# USB支持
#device uhci # UHCI PCI->USB interface
#device ohci # OHCI PCI->USB interface
#device usb # USB Bus (required)
#device ugen # Generic
#device uhid # (应该是USB接口的音响吧)
#device ukbd # USB接口键盘
#device ulpt #USB接口 打印机
#device umass # 移动硬盘支持
#device ums # USB接口鼠标
#device uscanner # USB接口少描仪
#device urio # Diamond Rio MP3 Player
# USB 以太网, 需要 mii支持
#device aue # ADMtek USB ethernet
#device axe # ASIX Electronics USB ethernet
#device cue # CATC USB ethernet
#device kue # Kawasaki LSI USB ethernet
#火线设备支持
device firewire # FireWire bus code
device sbp # SCSI over FireWire (Requires scbus and da)
device fwe # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)