YII2 model where 条件拼接

熟悉Yii2的查询条件后，用Active Record查询数据非常方便。
以下我们介绍where()方法当中，条件的拼装方式。

#某个值为null，会用IS NULL来生成语句:
['type' => 1, 'status' => 2]            // 生成：(type = 1) AND (status = 2)
['id' => [1, 2, 3], 'status' => 2]      // 生成：(id IN (1, 2, 3)) AND (status = 2)
['status' => null]                      // 生成：status IS NULL
['NOT', ['type' => null]]                // 生成：type IS NOT NULL

#对比
['>', 'id', 1]                                        // 生成：id > 1
['<', 'id', 100]                                      // 生成：id < 100
['=', 'id', 10]                                       // 生成：id = 10
['>=', 'id', 1]                                       // 生成：id >= 1
['<=', 'id', 100]                                     // 生成：id <= 100
['!=', 'id', 10]                                      // 生成：id != 10

['and', 'id' => 1, 'id' => 2]                        // 生成：id=1 AND id=2
['and', 'id=1', 'id=2']                              // 生成：id=1 AND id=2
['and', 'type=1', ['or', 'id=1', 'id=2']]            // 生成：type=1 AND (id=1 OR id=2)

['or', ['type' => [7, 8, 9]], ['id' => [1, 2, 3]]]   // 生成：(type IN (7, 8, 9) OR (id IN (1, 2, 3)))

['not', ['attribute' => null]]                       // 生成：NOT (attribute IS NULL)

['between', 'id', 1, 10]                             // 生成：id BETWEEN 1 AND 10
['not between', 'id', 1, 10]                         // 生成：id NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 10

['in', 'id', [1, 2, 3]]                               // 生成：id IN (1, 2, 3)
['id' => [4, 8, 15]]                               // 生成：id IN (4, 8, 15)
['not in', 'id', [1, 2, 3]]                           // 生成：id NOT IN (1, 2, 3)

['in', ['id', 'name'], [['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo'], ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar']]]  // 生成：(`id`, `name`) IN ((1, 'foo'), (2, 'bar'))

#用子查询作为IN条件的值，如下：
['in', 'user_id', (new Query())->select('id')->from('users')->where(['active' => 1])]

['like', 'name', 'tester']                             // 生成：name LIKE '%tester%'
['like', 'name', ['test', 'sample']]                   // 生成：name LIKE '%test%' AND name LIKE '%sample%'
['like', 'name', '%tester', false]                     // 生成：name LIKE '%tester'
                                                       // 这是自定义查询方式，要传入值为false的运算数3，并且自行添加%
['or like', 'name', ['test', 'sample']]                 // 生成：name LIKE '%test%' OR name LIKE '%sample%'
['not like', 'name', 'tester']                          // 生成：name NOT LIKE '%tester%'
['or not like', 'name', ['test', 'sample']]             // 生成：name NOT LIKE '%test%' OR name NOT LIKE '%sample%'

['exists', (new Query())->select('id')->from('users')->where(['active' => 1])] // 生成：EXISTS (SELECT "id" FROM "users" WHERE "active"=1)