linux下安装redis3.2

1.下载

下载地址:http://www.redis.io/download

选取当前最新版本3.2.1下载,上传到linux上,进行解压缩:

[root@mongodb1 redis]# ls
redis-3.2.1  redis-3.2.1.tar.gz

2.编译安装

进入redis-3.2.1目录下,运行make进行安装编译:

[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES  BUGS  CONTRIBUTING  COPYING  deps  INSTALL  Makefile  MANIFESTO  README.md  redis.conf  runtest  runtest-cluster  runtest-sentinel  sentinel.conf  src  tests  utils

make需要安装编译器,默认为gcc.

[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# make
cd src && make all
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'
    CC adlist.o
    CC quicklist.o
    CC ae.o
In file included from ae.c:53:
ae_epoll.c: In function 'aeApiAddEvent':
ae_epoll.c:75: warning: missing initializer
ae_epoll.c:75: warning: (near initialization for 'ee.data')
ae_epoll.c: In function 'aeApiDelEvent':
ae_epoll.c:92: warning: missing initializer
ae_epoll.c:92: warning: (near initialization for 'ee.data')
    CC anet.o
anet.c: In function 'anetSockName':
anet.c:640: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:638: note: initialized from here
anet.c:644: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:642: note: initialized from here
anet.c: In function 'anetPeerToString':
anet.c:584: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:582: note: initialized from here
anet.c:588: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:586: note: initialized from here
anet.c: In function 'anetTcpAccept':
anet.c:555: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:553: note: initialized from here
anet.c:559: warning: dereferencing pointer 's' does break strict-aliasing rules
anet.c:557: note: initialized from here
    CC dict.o
    CC server.o
    CC sds.o
    CC zmalloc.o
    CC lzf_c.o
    CC lzf_d.o
    CC pqsort.o
    CC zipmap.o
    CC sha1.o
    CC ziplist.o
    CC release.o
    CC networking.o
    CC util.o
    CC object.o
    CC db.o
    CC replication.o
    CC rdb.o
    CC t_string.o
    CC t_list.o
    CC t_set.o
    CC t_zset.o
    CC t_hash.o
    CC config.o
    CC aof.o
    CC pubsub.o
    CC multi.o
    CC debug.o
    CC sort.o
    CC intset.o
    CC syncio.o
    CC cluster.o
    CC crc16.o
    CC endianconv.o
    CC slowlog.o
    CC scripting.o
    CC bio.o
    CC rio.o
    CC rand.o
    CC memtest.o
    CC crc64.o
    CC bitops.o
    CC sentinel.o
    CC notify.o
    CC setproctitle.o
    CC blocked.o
    CC hyperloglog.o
    CC latency.o
    CC sparkline.o
    CC redis-check-rdb.o
    CC geo.o
    LINK redis-server
    INSTALL redis-sentinel
    CC redis-cli.o
    LINK redis-cli
    CC redis-benchmark.o
    LINK redis-benchmark
    INSTALL redis-check-rdb
    CC redis-check-aof.o
    LINK redis-check-aof
 
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'

make完成之后,进行install,默认安装路径为/usr/local/bin下,这里我们把他安装目录放到/usr/local/redis下,使用PREFIX指定目录:

[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# mkdir /usr/local/redis
[root@mongodb1 redis-3.2.1]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install
cd src && make install
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'
 
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
 
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis/redis-3.2.1/src'

将redis可执行目录添加到环境变量中,编辑~/.bash_profile添加redis环境变量:

[root@mongodb1 bin]# cat ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
 
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
	. ~/.bashrc
fi
 
# User specific environment and startup programs
 
PATH=/usr/local/redis/bin:/usr/local/mongodb/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin

3.创建redis服务

此时其实就可以启动redis服务了,例如:

    % ./redis-server --port 9999 --slaveof 127.0.0.1 6379
    % ./redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf --loglevel debug

但是我们一般还是把redis做成服务来启动,进入到utils目录,然后运行install_server.sh,运行这个会询问你几个问题,包括

指定redis的端口号

指定redis的配置文件

指定redis的日志文件

指定redis的数据目录文件

指定redis的可执行目录文件.

[root@mongodb1 utils]# ./install_server.sh 
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
 
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] 
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] /data/redis/log/redis_6378.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] /data/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server] 
Selected config:
Port           : 6379
Config file    : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file       : /data/redis/log/redis_6378.log
Data dir       : /data/redis/6379
Executable     : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

完成之后,redis的服务就添加完毕了,服务名为redis_6379:

[root@mongodb1 init.d]# ls -l re*
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 1714 Jul  1 11:13 redis_6379
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1822 Jan 16  2013 restorecond

启动和关闭redis服务:

[root@mongodb1 init.d]# service redis_6379 status
Redis is running (19280)
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# service redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
[root@mongodb1 init.d]# service redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...

使用redis-cli连接redis:

[root@mongodb1 init.d]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> 

4.redis服务解析

其实做完以上几步,我们已经可以正常使用redis了,下面我们来解析一下redis的启动停止过程.我们解析/etc/init.d/redis_6379文件:

#!/bin/sh
#Configurations injected by install_server below....
 
EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_6379.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/6379.conf"
REDISPORT="6379"
###############
# SysV Init Information
# chkconfig: - 58 74
# description: redis_6379 is the redis daemon.
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: redis_6379
# Required-Start: $network $local_fs $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $network $local_fs $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Should-Start: $syslog $named
# Should-Stop: $syslog $named
# Short-Description: start and stop redis_6379
# Description: Redis daemon
### END INIT INFO
 
 
case "$1" in
    start)
        if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
        then
            echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
        else
            echo "Starting Redis server..."
            $EXEC $CONF
        fi
        ;;
    stop)
        if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
        then
            echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
        else
            PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
            echo "Stopping ..."
            $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
            while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
            do
                echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
                sleep 1
            done
            echo "Redis stopped"
        fi
        ;;
    status)
        PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
        if [ ! -x /proc/${PID} ]
        then
            echo 'Redis is not running'
        else
            echo "Redis is running ($PID)"
        fi
        ;;
    restart)
        $0 stop
        $0 start
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Please use start, stop, restart or status as first argument"
        ;;
esac

可以发现,其实启动redis的语法就是:

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf

关闭redis的语法就是:

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server -p 6379 shutdown

检查redis是否运行,就是检查redis的pid文件下的进程是否存在.

查看redis的配置文件/etc/redis/6379.conf,里面有很多注释,去除注释:

[root@mongodb1 utils]# grep -E -v "^#" /etc/redis/6379.conf |sed '/^$/d'
bind 127.0.0.1
protected-mode yes
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 300
daemonize yes
supervised no
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
loglevel notice
logfile /data/redis/log/redis_6379.log
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /data/redis/6379
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
slave-priority 100
appendonly no
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
aof-load-truncated yes
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
latency-monitor-threshold 0
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-size -2
list-compress-depth 0
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes

其中主要的参数:

bind:绑定的ip地址

port:监听端口号

pidfile:pid文件名

dir:数据文件目录

logfile:日志文件地址