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  • C# Winform cilent call SignalR

    一、SignalR是什么

    Asp.net SignalR是微软为实现实时通信的一个类库。一般情况下,SignalR会使用JavaScript的长轮询(long polling)的方式来实现客户端和服务器通信,随着Html5中WebSockets出现,SignalR也支持WebSockets通信。另外SignalR开发的程序不仅仅限制于宿主在IIS中,也可以宿主在任何应用程序,包括控制台,客户端程序和Windows服务等,另外还支持Mono,这意味着它可以实现跨平台部署在Linux环境下。

    SignalR内部有两类对象:

    Http持久连接(Persisten Connection)对象:用来解决长时间连接的功能。还可以由客户端主动向服务器要求数据,而服务器端不需要实现太多细节,只需要处理PersistentConnection 内所提供的五个事件:OnConnected, OnReconnected, OnReceived, OnError 和 OnDisconnect 即可。

    Hub(集线器)对象:用来解决实时(realtime)信息交换的功能,服务端可以利用URL来注册一个或多个Hub,只要连接到这个Hub,就能与所有的客户端共享发送到服务器上的信息,同时服务端可以调用客户端的脚本。

    SignalR将整个信息的交换封装起来,客户端和服务器都是使用JSON来沟通的,在服务端声明的所有Hub信息,都会生成JavaScript输出到客户端,.NET则依赖Proxy来生成代理对象,而Proxy的内部则是将JSON转换成对象。

    二、为什么要用SignalR

    聊天室,如在线客服系统,IM系统等

    消息的实时推送服务

    巡更人员位置的实时推送

    1. server     -------- 创建一个MVC 项目,选择新建的项目,右击-->选择管理NuGet程序包-->搜索 signalr--> 安装Microsoft ASP.NET SignalR

    新建启动程序 Startup.cs

    在类中添加代码:

    1. app.MapSignalR();

    在集线器类ChatHub.cs中添加如下代码

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Web;
    using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    namespace ChatServer
    {
        public class ChatHub : Hub
        {
            public void Hello()
            {
                //Clients.All.hello();
                //Clients.All.AddMsg();
            }
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 供客户端调用的服务器端代码
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="message"></param>
            public void Send(string name,string message)
            {
                // 调用所有客户端的sendMessage方法
                Clients.All.sendMessage(name, message);
                Trace.WriteLine("调用所有客户端的sendMessage方法");
    
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 客户端连接的时候调用
            /// </summary>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public override Task OnConnected()
            {
                Trace.WriteLine("客户端连接成功");
                return base.OnConnected();
            }
    
        }
    }
    

      

    2. 客户端(winform)

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Net.Http;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Client;
    namespace ChatClient
    {
        public partial class Form1 : Form
        {
            public Form1()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
                Text = "Test SignalR";
                FormClosing += Form1_FormClosing;
            }
    
      
            public IHubProxy HubProxy { get; set; }
            const string ServerURI = "https://localhost:44306/";//ServerURI = "https://localhost:44306/signalr";
            public HubConnection Connection { get; set; }
    
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// Creates and connects the hub connection and hub proxy. This method
            /// is called asynchronously 
            /// </summary>
            private async void ConnectAsync()
            {
                Connection = new HubConnection(ServerURI);
                Connection.Closed += ShowConnectionClosed;
                HubProxy = Connection.CreateHubProxy("ChatHub");
                //Handle incoming event from server: use Invoke to write to console from SignalR's thread
                HubProxy.On<string, string>("sendMessage", (name, message) =>
    
                       {
                           this.Invoke(
                               new Action(() =>
                               {
                                   RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText(String.Format("{0}: {1}
    ", name, message));
                               }
                               ));
                       }
                );
    
                try
                {
                    await Connection.Start();
                }
                catch (HttpRequestException)
                {
                    Text = "Unable to connect to server: Start server before connecting clients.";
                    //No connection: Don't enable Send button or show chat UI
                    return;
                }
    
                TextBoxMessage.Focus();
                RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText("Connected to server at " + ServerURI + "
    ");
            }
            private void CloseConnection()
            {
                if (Connection != null)
                {
                    Connection.Stop();
                    Connection.Dispose();
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// If the server is stopped, the connection will time out after 30 seconds (default), and the 
            /// Closed event will fire.
            /// </summary>
            private void ShowConnectionClosed()
            {
                RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText("You have been disconnected.
    ");
            }
    
            private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText("Connecting to server...");
                ConnectAsync();
            }
            private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                if (Connection.State == Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Client.ConnectionState.Disconnected)
                {
                    ShowConnectionClosed();
                    return;
                }
                HubProxy.Invoke("Send", "Client wgscd", TextBoxMessage.Text);
                TextBoxMessage.Text = String.Empty;
                TextBoxMessage.Focus();
            }
            private void btnDisconnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                CloseConnection();
            }
            private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
            {
                CloseConnection();
            }
    
         
        }
    }
    

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wgscd/p/13533893.html
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