前几天写递归运算时候,报了一个错误--->内存溢出,代码如下:
/**
* 获取所有乘积为n的小于n的数字,1只能出现一次
* n可以拆解成各个小数相乘,每次/ 一个小于n的数字看结果是不是 1
* 同时验证 % 余数
*
* @param
* @return void
* @author kongzhi
* @date 2019年2月26日下午3:28:12
*
*/
public static void getAllNumber(ArrayList<Long> result, Long targetNum) {
if (targetNum == 1) {
//contains 用的是 equals比较值 --->
if (!result.contains(1L)) {
result.add(Long.valueOf(1));
}
System.out.println(result);
return;
} else {
for (long jj = 1; jj <= targetNum; jj++) {
if (targetNum % jj != 0) {
continue;
}
//避免1添加
//特别注意下:这里 contains后面必须写 1L,如果ArrayList<Long> 是Long的话,因为会转Object,1 默认对应 Integer
if (jj == 1L && result.contains(1)) {
continue;
}
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked" })
ArrayList<Long> resultNew = (ArrayList<Long>)result.clone();
resultNew.add(Long.valueOf(jj));
getAllPlusResult(resultNew, targetNum / jj);
}
}
}
原因出在这里:
if (jj == 1L && result.contains(1))
原始整数类型 short int long如果不加标识符,默认是int类型,而ArrayList.contains源码如下:
/**
* Returns <tt>true</tt> if this list contains the specified element.
* More formally, returns <tt>true</tt> if and only if this list contains
* at least one element <tt>e</tt> such that
* <tt>(o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e))</tt>.
*
* @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested
* @return <tt>true</tt> if this list contains the specified element
*/
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return indexOf(o) >= 0;
}
/**
* Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
* in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
* More formally, returns the lowest index <tt>i</tt> such that
* <tt>(o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i)))</tt>,
* or -1 if there is no such index.
*/
public int indexOf(Object o) {
if (o == null) {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
if (elementData[i]==null)
return i;
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
return i;
}
return -1;
}
而equals的执行如下:
/**
* Compares this object to the specified object. The result is
* {@code true} if and only if the argument is not
* {@code null} and is a {@code Long} object that
* contains the same {@code long} value as this object.
*
* @param obj the object to compare with.
* @return {@code true} if the objects are the same;
* {@code false} otherwise.
*/
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj instanceof Long) {
return value == ((Long)obj).longValue();
}
return false;
}
会先去判断是否是同一种类型,再去比较数值。
前面说了默认是int类型,自动装箱后变为Integer类型,而递归代码中的为 ArrayList<Long> 所以第一步判断就因为类型不一致而不通过。
之后会一直循环递归调用直到内存溢出。