linux单独安装oracle客户端及exp/imp工具配置

1.下载安装包

下载链接

https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/database-technologies/instant-client/downloads/index.html

instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip
instantclient-jdbc-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip
instantclient-odbc-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0-2.zip
instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip
instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip
instantclient-tools-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip

2.安装

在当前目录下解压缩zip包得到:
instantclient_12_2

3.创建数据库连接文件（可选）

[root@localhost oracle]# cd instantclient_12_2
[root@localhost instantclient_12_2]# mkdir -p network/admin

 并在 admin 目录下创建 tnsnames.ora 文件：

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

4.配置环境变量

这里配置 root 用户环境变量： ~/.bashrc

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$PATH
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export NLS_LANG='american_america.AL32UTF8'

配置完毕后,进行刷新环境变量，进行生效

source  ~/.bashrc

5.测试

[root@localhost instantclient_12_2]# sqlplus /nolog
6
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Nov 9 15:45:04 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL>

出现上面的结果说明测试成功。

6.数据库导入导出

exp username/password@//host:1521/orclpdb1 file=/opt/oracle/daochu.dmp owner=username
imp username/password@//host:1521/orclpdb1 file=/opt/oracle/daochu.dmp