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  • Java并发机制(6)--阻塞队列

    Java并发编程:阻塞队列
    整理自:博客园-海子-http://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3933404.html

    1、什么是阻塞队列
      除了同步容器(Hashtable、Vector)、并发容器(ConcurrentHashMap、CopyOnWriteArrayList)外,还有一种容器就是阻塞队列;
      阻塞队列会在一定条件下对当前线程产生阻塞,条件消失后唤醒被阻塞的线程。
    2、几种主要的阻塞队列
      ArrayBlockingQueue:基于数组实现,有界,先进先出
      LinkedBlockingQueue:基于链表实现,有界,先进先出
      PriorityBlockingQueue:基于优先级的,无解,优先级高的先出;
      DelayQueue:延时阻塞,无界,指定一定延时时间
    3、非阻塞队列与阻塞队列的方法比较:
      3.1非阻塞队列(如deque,LinkedList,PriorityQueue等)
        add(E e):加入队列末尾,成功返回true,失败抛出异常;
        remove():移除并获取队首元素,为null则抛异常。
        offer(E e):成功返回true,失败返回false,好于add因为它不会只抛一个异常;
        poll():移除并获取队首元素,为空返回null,也好于remove;
        peek():获取队首元素,失败返回null;
        建议使用offer,poll,和peek。
      3.2阻塞队列:
        上述五种,且实现同步;
        put(E e):存入队尾,满则等待;
        take():取队首,队列空则等待;
        offer(E e,long timeout, TimeUnit unit):队尾存,满则等待时间,还不行返回false;
        poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit):取队首,队列空则等待,时间到达后,返回元素,取不到返回null;
    4、阻塞队列的实现原理:
       使用可重入锁ReentrantLock,调用其可中断加锁方法lockInterruptibly()

    5、java实例:

    //非阻塞队列实现生产者消费者模式
    public class Test {
        private int queueSize = 10;
        private PriorityQueue<Integer> queue = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(queueSize);
         
        public static void main(String[] args)  {
            Test test = new Test();
            Producer producer = test.new Producer();
            Consumer consumer = test.new Consumer();
             
            producer.start();
            consumer.start();
        }
         
        class Consumer extends Thread{
             
            @Override
            public void run() {
                consume();
            }
             
            private void consume() {
                while(true){
                    synchronized (queue) {
                        while(queue.size() == 0){
                            try {
                                System.out.println("队列空,等待数据");
                                queue.wait();
                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                                queue.notify();
                            }
                        }
                        queue.poll();          //每次移走队首元素
                        queue.notify();
                        System.out.println("从队列取走一个元素,队列剩余"+queue.size()+"个元素");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
         
        class Producer extends Thread{
             
            @Override
            public void run() {
                produce();
            }
             
            private void produce() {
                while(true){
                    synchronized (queue) {
                        while(queue.size() == queueSize){
                            try {
                                System.out.println("队列满,等待有空余空间");
                                queue.wait();
                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                                queue.notify();
                            }
                        }
                        queue.offer(1);        //每次插入一个元素
                        queue.notify();
                        System.out.println("向队列取中插入一个元素,队列剩余空间:"+(queueSize-queue.size()));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

      

    //阻塞队列实现生产者消费者模式
    public class Test {
        private int queueSize = 10;
        private ArrayBlockingQueue<Integer> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<Integer>(queueSize);
         
        public static void main(String[] args)  {
            Test test = new Test();
            Producer producer = test.new Producer();
            Consumer consumer = test.new Consumer();
             
            producer.start();
            consumer.start();
        }
         
        class Consumer extends Thread{
             
            @Override
            public void run() {
                consume();
            }
             
            private void consume() {
                while(true){
                    try {
                        queue.take();
                        System.out.println("从队列取走一个元素,队列剩余"+queue.size()+"个元素");
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
         
        class Producer extends Thread{
             
            @Override
            public void run() {
                produce();
            }
             
            private void produce() {
                while(true){
                    try {
                        queue.put(1);
                        System.out.println("向队列取中插入一个元素,队列剩余空间:"+(queueSize-queue.size()));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/whtblog/p/8909362.html
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