使用Fiddler测试基于WCF的REST Service

      现在我们可以用 WCF 4 轻易构建一个REST Service，如何测试呢？
首先让我们来看类图：

代码是这样的：

    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IDataService
    {
          [OperationContract]
          [WebGet(UriTemplate = "/Get?id={id}")]
          Employee Get(int id);

          [OperationContract]
          [WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "/Update?id={id}", Method = "PUT")]
          bool Update(int id);

          [OperationContract]
          [WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "/Del?id={id}", Method = "DELETE")]
          bool Delete(int id);

          [OperationContract]
          [WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "Create", Method = "POST")]
          bool Create(Employee employee);
    }

Entity class:

    [DataContract]
    public partial class Employee
    {
        public Employee()
        {}

        [DataMember]
        public int EmployeeID { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string NationalIDNumber { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public int ContactID { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string LoginID { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public Nullable<int> ManagerID { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Title { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public System.DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string MaritalStatus { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Gender { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public System.DateTime HireDate { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public bool SalariedFlag { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public short VacationHours { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public short SickLeaveHours { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public bool CurrentFlag { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public System.Guid rowguid { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public System.DateTime ModifiedDate { get; set; }
    }

实现的service，为了演示这里只是简单实现。

    /// <summary>
    /// CRUD Service  http://www.cnblogs.com/wintersun
    /// </summary>
    public class CRUDService : IDataService
    {
        public Employee Get(int id)
        {
            return new Employee() { EmployeeID = 11, Title = "Engineer" };
        }

        public bool Update(int id)
        {
            //TODO
            return true;
        }

        public bool Delete(int id)
        {
            //TODO
            return true;
        }

        public bool Create(Employee employee)
        {
            //TODO
            return true;
        }
    }

Config文件是这样的：

  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="webdemo.CRUDService" behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehaviour">
        <endpoint address=""  binding="webHttpBinding" contract="webdemo.IDataService" behaviorConfiguration="web">
        </endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="web">
          <webHttp />
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ServiceBehaviour">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
        <behavior>
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>

注意，我们使用是webHttpBinding，在DEBUG时可以把includeExceptionDetailInFaults设置为true. 我们通用会使用Svcutil.exe生成proxy类，但对webHttpBinding是不会生成Output.config的。

当我们编译,Host这个Service，你从浏览器中打开类似这样的URL:

http://localhost:50422/CRUDService.svc

调用Get的时序图，其它方法类似了。

对于Http Get 操作我们可以直接在浏览器测试，当我们访问

http://localhost:50422/CRUDService.svc/Get?Id=1

我们用Fiddler来测试，它有一个功能是Request Builder，下面来测试Get方法, Request RAW:

GET http://localhost:50422/CRUDService.svc/Get?id=1 HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: localhost:50422

然后Response RAW是这样的：

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/10.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2011 06:18:05 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
Content-Length: 651
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8
Connection: Close

<Employee xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/webdemo" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><BirthDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</BirthDate><ContactID>0</ContactID><CurrentFlag>false</CurrentFlag><EmployeeID>11</EmployeeID><Gender i:nil="true"/><HireDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</HireDate><LoginID i:nil="true"/><ManagerID i:nil="true"/><MaritalStatus i:nil="true"/><ModifiedDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</ModifiedDate><NationalIDNumber i:nil="true"/><SalariedFlag>false</SalariedFlag><SickLeaveHours>0</SickLeaveHours><Title>Engineer</Title><VacationHours>0</VacationHours><rowguid>00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</rowguid></Employee>

Request PUT ：

PUT http://localhost:50422/CRUDService.svc/Update?id=1 HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: localhost:50422

Response RAW:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/10.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2011 06:20:15 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
Content-Length: 83
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8
Connection: Close

<boolean xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">true</boolean>

HTTP-PUT操作对我们的Update方法。接着是HTTP-DELETE， Request header RAW :

DELETE http://localhost:50422/CRUDService.svc/Del?id=1 HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Host: localhost:50422

Response RAW:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/10.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2011 06:21:01 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
Content-Length: 83
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8
Connection: Close

<boolean xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">true</boolean>

最后测试的是HTTP-POST方法，这个大家比较熟悉. Request RAW header:

POST http://localhost:50422/CRUDService.svc/Create HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Fiddler
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8
Host: localhost:50422
Content-Length: 652

与前面不同我们还需要POST一个BODY,在Server端WCF会帮我们把XML反序列化成Object. 

<Employee xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/webdemo" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><BirthDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</BirthDate><ContactID>0</ContactID><CurrentFlag>false</CurrentFlag><EmployeeID>11</EmployeeID><Gender i:nil="true"/><HireDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</HireDate><LoginID i:nil="true"/><ManagerID i:nil="true"/><MaritalStatus i:nil="true"/><ModifiedDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</ModifiedDate><NationalIDNumber i:nil="true"/><SalariedFlag>false</SalariedFlag><SickLeaveHours>0</SickLeaveHours><Title>asdfasd</Title><VacationHours>0</VacationHours><rowguid>00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000</rowguid></Employee>

这里是基于XML的格式数据。看截图:

POST方法Response RAW:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/10.0.0.0
Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2011 06:22:29 GMT
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
Content-Length: 83
Cache-Control: private
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8
Connection: Close

<boolean xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">true</boolean>

前面几次操作如下图，您可能注意到这个方法都返回是bool值，对应上面RAW

我们看到返回都是200就OK了。强烈建议你使用VS来DEBUG整个流程。这个REST Service提供了CRUD刚好对应了Http-GET,Http-POST,Http-DELETE,Http-PUT的操作。实际使用过程，可能还需要注意安全方面的因素。

下一次将为您介绍另一种方法测试基于Web WCF Service。

您可能感兴趣的文章：

C#实现一个简单的REST service

希望这篇POST对您开发有帮助。

作者：Petter Liu
出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/wintersun/
本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
该文章也同时发布在我的独立博客中-Petter Liu Blog。