Websocket
使用的第三方模块：gevent-websocket
群聊
ws群聊.py中的内容
from flask import Flask, request, render_template
from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer
import json
from geventwebsocket.websocket import WebSocket
app = Flask(__name__)
user_socket_dict = {}
@app.route('/ws/<user>')
def ws(user):
# print(request.environ)
user_socket = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket') # type:WebSocket
if user_socket:
user_socket_dict[user] = user_socket
print(len(user_socket_dict), user_socket_dict)
while 1:
msg = user_socket.receive()
print(msg) # b"{from_user:jinwangba ,to_user:yinwangba,msg:"doushidawangba"}"
msg_dict = json.loads(msg)
to_usocket = user_socket_dict.get(msg_dict.get('to_user'))
to_usocket.send(json.dumps({'from_user': user, 'to_user': msg_dict.get('to_user'), 'msg': msg_dict.get('msg')}))
@app.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('ws.html')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# app.run('0.0.0.0', 5000, debug=True)
http_serv = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 5000), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler)
http_serv.serve_forever()
ws群聊.html中的内容
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>发送内容：<input type="text" id="message"><button onclick="send_msg()">发送消息</button></p>
<div id="msg_list" style=" 500px">
</div>
</body>
<script type="application/javascript">
var ws = new WebSocket('ws://192.168.12.11:5000/ws');
ws.onmessage = function (ws_status) {
console.log(ws_status.data);
var ptag = document.createElement('p');
ptag.innerText = ws_status.data;
document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag);
};
function send_msg() {
var msg = document.getElementById('message').value;
var ptag = document.createElement('p');
ptag.style.cssText = 'text-align: right;';
ptag.innerText = msg;
document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag);
ws.send(msg);
{#console.log('成功');#}
}
</script>
</html>
单聊
ws.py中的内容
from flask import Flask, request, render_template
from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler
from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer
import json
from geventwebsocket.websocket import WebSocket
app = Flask(__name__)
user_socket_dict = {}
@app.route('/ws/<user>')
def ws(user):
# print(request.environ)
user_socket = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket') # type:WebSocket
if user_socket:
user_socket_dict[user] = user_socket
print(len(user_socket_dict), user_socket_dict)
while 1:
msg = user_socket.receive()
print(msg) # b"{from_user:jinwangba ,to_user:yinwangba,msg:"doushidawangba"}"
msg_dict = json.loads(msg)
to_usocket = user_socket_dict.get(msg_dict.get('to_user'))
to_usocket.send(json.dumps({'from_user': user, 'to_user': msg_dict.get('to_user'), 'msg': msg_dict.get('msg')}))
@app.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('ws.html')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# app.run('0.0.0.0', 5000, debug=True)
http_serv = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 5000), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler)
http_serv.serve_forever()
ws.html中的内容
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>您的昵称： <input type="text" id="nick"><button onclick="openws()">进入聊天室</button></p>
{#<p>发送内容：<input type="text" id="message"><button onclick="send_msg()">发送消息</button></p>#}
<p>给<input type="text" id="to_user">发送： <input type="text" id="message"><button onclick="send_msg()">发送消息</button></p>
<div id="msg_list" style=" 500px">
</div>
</body>
<script type="application/javascript">
var ws = null;
function openws() {
var nick = document.getElementById('nick').value;
ws = new WebSocket('ws://192.168.12.11:5000/ws/' + nick);
ws.onmessage = function (ws_status) {
console.log(ws_status.data);
var msg_obj = JSON.parse(ws_status.data);
var ptag = document.createElement('p');
ptag.innerText = msg_obj.from_user + " : " + msg_obj.msg;
document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag);
};
}
function send_msg() {
var msg = document.getElementById('message').value;
var from_user = document.getElementById('nick').value;
var to_user = document.getElementById('to_user').value;
var ptag = document.createElement('p');
ptag.style.cssText = 'text-align: right;';
ptag.innerText = msg + " : " + from_user;
document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag);
var msg_obj = {
msg: msg,
from_user: from_user,
to_user: to_user,
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(msg_obj));
{#console.log('成功');#}
}
</script>
</html>
websocket握手信息及封包解包原理
import socket
import base64
import hashlib
#封包
def send_msg(conn, msg_bytes):
"""
WebSocket服务端向客户端发送消息
:param conn: 客户端连接到服务器端的socket对象,即： conn,address = socket.accept()
:param msg_bytes: 向客户端发送的字节
:return:
"""
import struct
token = b"x81"
length = len(msg_bytes)
if length < 126:
token += struct.pack("B", length)
elif length <= 0xFFFF:
token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
else:
token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
msg = token + msg_bytes
conn.send(msg)
return True
def get_headers(data):
"""
将请求头格式化成字典
:param data:
:return:
"""
header_dict = {}
data = str(data, encoding='utf-8')
header, body = data.split('
', 1)
header_list = header.split('
')
for i in range(0, len(header_list)):
if i == 0:
if len(header_list[i].split(' ')) == 3:
header_dict['method'], header_dict['url'], header_dict['protocol'] = header_list[i].split(' ')
else:
k, v = header_list[i].split(':', 1)
header_dict[k] = v.strip()
return header_dict
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8002))
sock.listen(5)
conn, address = sock.accept()
data = conn.recv(1024)
headers = get_headers(data) # 提取请求头信息
# 对请求头中的sec-websocket-key进行加密
response_tpl = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
"
"Upgrade:websocket
"
"Connection: Upgrade
"
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s
"
"WebSocket-Location: ws://%s%s
"
magic_string = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
value = headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'] + magic_string
ac = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(value.encode('utf-8')).digest())
response_str = response_tpl % (ac.decode('utf-8'), headers['Host'], headers['url'])
# 响应【握手】信息
conn.send(bytes(response_str, encoding='utf-8'))
# b'x81x87xbe0xb4xc7xc7Qxdaxabxd1^xd3'
# msg[1] & 127
#
# 10100011
# 01111111
# 00100011 <= 125 # x81x87 xbe0xb4xc7xc7Q xdaxabxd1^xd3'
# 00100011 == 126 # x81x87xbe0xb4 xc7xc7Qxdaxab xd1^xd3'xbe0xb4xc7xc7Qxdaxabxd1^xd3'
# 00100011 == 127 # x81x87 + 8个字节 内容
# mask
# for i in xc7Q xdaxabxd1^xd3':
# xc7Q mask
#解包
while True:
info = conn.recv(8096)
print('收到数据',info)
payload_len = info[1] & 127
if payload_len == 126:
extend_payload_len = info[2:4]
mask = info[4:8]
decoded = info[8:]
elif payload_len == 127:
extend_payload_len = info[2:10]
mask = info[10:14]
decoded = info[14:]
else:
extend_payload_len = None
mask = info[2:6]
decoded = info[6:]
bytes_list = bytearray()
for i in range(len(decoded)):
chunk = decoded[i] ^ mask[i % 4]
bytes_list.append(chunk)
body = str(bytes_list, encoding='utf-8')
print(body)
send_msg(conn,b'nononononono')
conn.close()