httpURLConnection、URL、httpClient、httpPost、httpGet

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/qxs965266509/article/details/9072483

package com.example.lesson09_login;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.ProtocolException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

@SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    public Button btn_get, btn_post;
    public EditText et_name, et_pass;
    public NetWorkUtil netWorkUtil;
    public Handler handler;
    public static final int GET = 1;
    public static final int POST = 2;
    public String name, pass, content;
    public String path = "http://172.22.64.18:8080/lesson09_login/csdn/UserAction_login.action";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btn_get = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_get);
        btn_post = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_post);

        et_name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_name);
        et_pass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pass);

        netWorkUtil = new NetWorkUtil(this);

        handler = new Handler() {
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                switch (msg.what) {
                case GET:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GET请求成功++++++++++",
                            Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    Log.v("MainActity", content);
                    break;
                case POST:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "POST请求成功----------",
                            Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    Log.v("MainActity", content);
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
                }
            }
        };
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    public void sendGet(View v) {
        if (!isEmpty()) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "用户名或密码不能为空...",
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        } else {
            boolean flag = netWorkUtil.setNetWork();
            if (flag) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        name = et_name.getText().toString();
                        pass = et_pass.getText().toString();
                        // sendGetRequest(path, name, pass);
                        sendGetClient(path, name, pass);
                        handler.sendEmptyMessage(GET);
                    }

                }).start();
            }
        }
    }

    public void sendPost(View v) {
        if (!isEmpty()) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "用户名或密码不能为空...",
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        } else {
            boolean flag = netWorkUtil.setNetWork();
            if (flag) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        name = et_name.getText().toString();
                        pass = et_pass.getText().toString();
                        // sendPostRequest(path, name, pass);
                        sendPostClient(path, name, pass);
                        handler.sendEmptyMessage(POST);
                    }

                }).start();
            }
        }
    }

    public boolean isEmpty() {
        boolean flag = false;
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(et_name.getText().toString())
                || TextUtils.isEmpty(et_pass.getText().toString())) {
            flag = false;
        } else {
            flag = true;
        }
        return flag;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private void sendGetRequest(String path, String name, String pass) {
        String str = path + "?user.name=" + name + "&user.pass=" + pass;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(str);
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                InputStream is = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
                ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
                int len = 0;
                while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1) {
                    bos.write(buf, 0, len);
                }
                byte[] data = bos.toByteArray();
                bos.flush();
                bos.close();
                is.close();
                content = new String(data);
                if (content.contains("gb2312")) {
                    content = new String(data, "gb2312");
                }
            }
            httpURLConnection.disconnect();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private void sendPostRequest(String path, String name, String pass) {

        try {
            String data = "user.name=" + name + "&user.pass=" + pass;
            URL url = new URL(path);
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
                    "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
                    data.length() + "");
            OutputStream os = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
            byte[] buf = data.getBytes();
            os.write(buf);
            os.flush();
            os.close();
            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                InputStream is = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
                ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                byte[] buf1 = new byte[1024];
                int len = 0;
                while ((len = is.read(buf1)) != -1) {
                    bos.write(buf1, 0, len);
                }
                byte[] data1 = bos.toByteArray();
                bos.flush();
                bos.close();
                is.close();
                content = new String(data1);
            }
            httpURLConnection.disconnect();

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public void sendGetClient(String path, String name, String pass) {
        try {
            String uri = path + "?user.name="
                    + URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8") + "&user.pass="
                    + URLEncoder.encode(pass, "UTF-8");
            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                InputStream is = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
                content = StringTool.isContent(is);
            }
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    public void sendPostClient(String path, String name, String pass) {
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(path);
        List<BasicNameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user.name", name));
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user.pass", pass));
        UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = null;
        try {
            entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, "UTF-8");
　　　　　　　httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));  
            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                InputStream is = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
                content = StringTool.isContent(is);
            }
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 httpClient建立过程

• 创建HttpClient对象。
• 如果需要发送GET请求，创建HttpGet对象；如果需要发送POST请求，创建HttpPost对象。
• 如果需要发送请求参数，可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)方法来添加请求参数；对于HttpPost对象而言，也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数。
• 调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求，执行该方法返回一个HttpResponse。
• 调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头；调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象，该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。

httpClient 与 httpUrlConnect区别

在一般情况下，如果只是需要Web站点的某个简单页面提交请求并获取服务器响应，HttpURLConnection完全可以胜任。但在绝大部分情况下，Web站点的网页可能没这么简单，这些页面并不是通过一个简单的URL就可访问的，可能需要用户登录而且具有相应的权限才可访问该页面。在这种情况下，就需要涉及Session、Cookie的处理了，如果打算使用HttpURLConnection来处理这些细节，当然也是可能实现的，只是处理起来难度就大了。

       为了更好地处理向Web站点请求，包括处理Session、Cookie等细节问题，Apache开源组织提供了一个HttpClient项目，看它的名称就知道，它是一个简单的HTTP客户端（并不是浏览器），可以用于发送HTTP请求，接收HTTP响应。但不会缓存服务器的响应，不能执行HTML页面中嵌入的Javascript代码；也不会对页面内容进行任何解析、处理。

       简单来说，HttpClient就是一个增强版的HttpURLConnection，HttpURLConnection可以做的事情HttpClient全部可以做；HttpURLConnection没有提供的有些功能，HttpClient也提供了，但它只是关注于如何发送请求、接收

响应，以及管理HTTP连接。