看完前一篇，相信你对Django中admin组件有了一定的了解，下面就一起来设计一个自己的admin组件，Xadmin
Xadmin初始化
首先，在一个django项目中新建两个app，一个用于测试Xadmin（testXadmin），一个书写Xadmin组件（Xadmin），然后将两个app都注册到setting文件中：
然后在template文件夹中设置四个网页页面：
add_view.html
change_view.html
delete_view.html
list_view.html
以一个页面为例，做一个简单的示范：add_view.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>查看</h3>
</body>
</html>
步骤一 书写注册语句
注册语句为：
在Xadmin.apps.py中添加如下代码：
from django.apps import AppConfig
from django.utils.module_loading import autodiscover_modules
class XadminConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'Xadmin'
def ready(self): # 加载类的时候会自动加载
autodiscover_modules("Xadmin")
步骤二 书写site单例对象，渲染基类对象
在一个利于导入的地方写下生成site的url生成对象，和渲染基类对象，例如我在Xadmin APP下新建一个server文件夹，server中新建Xadmin.py文件
Xadmin.py：
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
class ModelXadmin(object):
def __init__(self, model, site):
self.model = model
self.site = site
def list_view(self, request):
print("self.model", self.model)
data_list = self.model.objects.all()
print("data_list", data_list)
return render(request, 'list_view.html', {"data_list": data_list})
def add_view(self, request):
return render(request, 'add_view.html')
def change_view(self, request, id):
return render(request, 'change_view.html')
def delete_view(self, request, id):
return render(request, 'delete_view.html')
def get_urls2(self):
temp = []
temp.append(url(r"^$", self.list_view))
temp.append(url(r"^add/$", self.add_view))
temp.append(url(r"^(d+)/change/$", self.change_view))
temp.append(url(r"^(d+)/delete/$", self.delete_view))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
return self.get_urls2(), None, None
class XadminSite(object):
"""
url分配，生成对象
"""
def __init__(self, name='admin'):
self._registry = {}
def get_urls(self):
print(self._registry) # {Book:modelAdmin(Book),.......}
temp = []
for model, admin_class_obj in self._registry.items():
app_name = model._meta.app_label
model_name = model._meta.model_name
temp.append(url(r'^{0}/{1}/'.format(app_name, model_name), admin_class_obj.urls2), )
'''
url(r"app01/book",ModelXadmin(Book,site).urls2)
url(r"app01/publish",ModelXadmin(Publish,site).urls2)
url(r"app02/order",ModelXadmin(Order,site).urls2)
'''
return temp
@property
def urls(self):
return self.get_urls(), None, None # 返回的是一个元组，元组第一个参数是列表
def register(self, model, admin_class=None, **options):
if not admin_class:
admin_class = ModelXadmin
self._registry[model] = admin_class(model, self) # {Book:ModelAdmin(Book),Publish:ModelAdmin(Publish)}
site = XadminSite()
这里生成的site对象就是url中用的site对象
改写url.py文件
将原来admin对应的路径处理函数换成自己Xadmin组件中的site.urls
在测试app中进行测试：
在testXadmin下的models.py文件中书写表关系对应的类：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Author(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
age = models.IntegerField()
# 与AuthorDetail建立一对一的关系
authorDetail = models.OneToOneField(to="AuthorDetail", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
birthday = models.DateField()
telephone = models.BigIntegerField()
addr = models.CharField(max_length=64)
class Publish(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
city = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Book(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
publishDate = models.DateField()
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
# 与Publish建立一对多的关系,外键字段建立在多的一方
publish = models.ForeignKey(to="Publish", to_field="nid", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
# 与Author表建立多对多的关系,ManyToManyField可以建在两个模型中的任意一个，自动创建第三张表
authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author', )
def __str__(self):
return self.title
在testXadmin下新建Xadmin.py文件，文件内容如下：
from Xadmin.service.Xadmin import site, ModelXadmin
from testXadmin.models import *
# Register your models here.
class BookConfig(ModelXadmin):
list_display = ["title", "prcie"]
class PublishConfig(ModelXadmin):
list_display = ["name"]
site.register(Book, BookConfig)
site.register(Publish, PublishConfig)
site.register(Author)
site.register(AuthorDetail)
这样就完成了使用Xadmin组件提换了原来的admin组件，而且在测试app中还进行了测试，下面看测试结果
验证成功，后面编写前端页面即可替代原admin组件