1.拦截器原理
producer拦截器(interceptor)是在kafka0.10版本被引入的,主要用于实现clients端的制定化控制逻辑;
对于producer而言,interceptor是的用户在消息发送前以及producer回调逻辑前有机会对消息做一些定制化需求,比如修改消息同时,producer允许用户指定多个interceptor按序作用于同一条消息从而形成一个拦截链(interceptor chain),interceptor的实现接口是org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerInterceptor,其定义的方法包括:
1.configure(configs):
获取配置信息和初始化数据时调用;
2.onSend(producerRecord):
该方法封装进入kafkaProducer.send方法中,即它运行在用户主线程中,producer确保在消息被序列化以及计算分区前调用该方法。用户可以在该方法中对消息做任何操作,但最好保证不要修改消息所属的topic和分区,否则会影响目标分区的计算;
3.onAcknowledgement(RecordMetadata,Excpetion):
该方法在消息从RecordAccumnlator成功发送到kafka Broker之后,或者在发送过程中失败时调用,并且通常都是在producer回调逻辑触发之前。onAcknowledgement运行在producer的IO线程中,因此不要在该方法中放入很重要的逻辑,否则会拖慢producer的消息发送效率;
4.close:
关闭interceptor,主要用于执行一些资源清理的工作;
如前所述,interceptor可能被运行在多个线程中,因此在具体实现时用户需要自行确保线程安全。另外倘若指定了多个interceptor,则producer将按照执行顺序调用它们,并仅仅是捕获每个interceptor可能抛出的异常记录到错误日志中而非在向上传递,这在使用过程中要特别留意。
2.拦截器案例
需求:
实现一个简单的双interceptor组成的拦截链。第一个interceptor会在消息发送前将时间戳信息加到消息value的最前部;第二个interceptor会在消息发送后更新成功发送消息或失败发送消息数;
2.1 创建第一个interceptor
package com.wn.interceptor;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerInterceptor;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.RecordMetadata;
import java.util.Map;
public class TimeInterceptor implements ProducerInterceptor<String,String> {
@Override
public ProducerRecord<String, String> onSend(ProducerRecord<String, String> producerRecord) {
//取出数据value
String value = producerRecord.value();
//创建新的producer对象,并返回
return new ProducerRecord<String,String>(producerRecord.topic(),producerRecord.partition(),
producerRecord.key(),System.currentTimeMillis()+","+value);
}
@Override
public void onAcknowledgement(RecordMetadata recordMetadata, Exception e) {
}
@Override
public void close() {
}
@Override
public void configure(Map<String, ?> map) {
}
}
2.2 创建第二个interceptor
package com.wn.interceptor;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerInterceptor;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.RecordMetadata;
import java.util.Map;
public class CountInterceptor implements ProducerInterceptor<String,String> {
int success;
int error;
@Override
public ProducerRecord<String, String> onSend(ProducerRecord<String, String> producerRecord) {
return producerRecord;
}
@Override
public void onAcknowledgement(RecordMetadata recordMetadata, Exception e) {
if (recordMetadata!=null){
success++;
}else{
error++;
}
}
@Override
public void close() {
System.out.println("success:"+success);
System.out.println("error:"+error);
}
@Override
public void configure(Map<String, ?> map) {
}
}
2.3 创建生产者(添加两个拦截器)
package com.wn.interceptor;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Properties;
public class InterceptorProducer {
public static void main(String[] args){
//创建kafka生产者的配置信息
Properties properties = new Properties();
//kafka集群 ProducerConfig
properties.put("bootstrap.servers","192.168.138.55:9092,192.168.138.66:9092,192.168.138.77:9092");
//ack应答级别
properties.put("acks","all");
//重试次数
properties.put("retries",3);
//批次大小 16K
properties.put("batch.size",16384);
//等待时间
properties.put("linger.ms",1);
//RecordAccumulator缓冲区大小 32M
properties.put("buffer.memory",33554432);
//key,value序列化类
properties.put("key.serializer","org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
properties.put("value.serializer","org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
//添加拦截器
ArrayList<Object> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
interceptors.add("com.wn.interceptor.TimeInterceptor");
interceptors.add("com.wn.interceptor.CountInterceptor");
properties.put(ProducerConfig.INTERCEPTOR_CLASSES_CONFIG,interceptors);
//创建生产者对象
KafkaProducer<String,String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(properties);
//发送数据
for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("aaa","aaabbb--"+i));
}
//关闭资源
producer.close();
}
}
2.4 开启zookeeper+kafka
2.5 创建消费者
bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper 192.168.138.55:2181,192.168.138.66:2181,192.168.138.77:2181 --topic aaa
2.6 启动生产者,查看效果