MySQL 实战

项目七: 各部门工资最高的员工（难度：中等）

创建Employee 表，包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id。

+----+-------+--------+--------------+

| Id | Name | Salary | DepartmentId |

+----+-------+--------+--------------+

| 1 | Joe | 70000 | 1 |

| 2 | Henry | 80000 | 2 |

| 3 | Sam | 60000 | 2 |

| 4 | Max | 90000 | 1 |

+----+-------+--------+--------------+

创建Department 表，包含公司所有部门的信息。

+----+----------+

| Id | Name |

+----+----------+

| 1 | IT |

| 2 | Sales |

+----+----------+

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资最高的员工。例如，根据上述给定的表格，Max 在 IT 部门有最高工资，Henry 在 Sales 部门有最高工资。

+------------+----------+--------+

| Department | Employee | Salary |

+------------+----------+--------+

| IT | Max | 90000 |

| Sales | Henry | 80000 |

+------------+----------+--------+

 

项目八: 换座位（难度：中等）

小美是一所中学的信息科技老师，她有一张 seat 座位表，平时用来储存学生名字和与他们相对应的座位 id。

其中纵列的 id 是连续递增的

小美想改变相邻俩学生的座位。

你能不能帮她写一个 SQL query 来输出小美想要的结果呢？

 请创建如下所示seat表：

示例：

+---------+---------+

| id | student |

+---------+---------+

| 1 | Abbot |

| 2 | Doris |

| 3 | Emerson |

| 4 | Green |

| 5 | Jeames |

+---------+---------+

 

假如数据输入的是上表，则输出结果如下：

+---------+---------+

| id | student |

+---------+---------+

| 1 | Doris |

| 2 | Abbot |

| 3 | Green |

| 4 | Emerson |

| 5 | Jeames |

+---------+---------+

注意：如果学生人数是奇数，则不需要改变最后一个同学的座位。

 

查询SQL代码：

SELECT * from (
SELECT id+1 as id,student from seat
where id % 2=1 and id !=(SELECT COUNT(*) from seat)
UNION
SELECT id-1 as id,student from seat
where id % 2=0
UNION
SELECT id,student from seat
where id = (SELECT COUNT(*) from seat)) as s
ORDER BY id;

项目九: 分数排名（难度：中等）

编写一个 SQL 查询来实现分数排名。如果两个分数相同，则两个分数排名（Rank）相同。请注意，平分后的下一个名次应该是下一个连续的整数值。换句话说，名次之间不应该有“间隔”。

创建以下score表：

+----+-------+

| Id | Score |

+----+-------+

| 1 | 3.50 |

| 2 | 3.65 |

| 3 | 4.00 |

| 4 | 3.85 |

| 5 | 4.00 |

| 6 | 3.65 |

+----+-------+

例如，根据上述给定的 Scores 表，你的查询应该返回（按分数从高到低排列）：

+-------+------+

| Score | Rank |

+-------+------+

| 4.00 | 1 |

| 4.00 | 1 |

| 3.85 | 2 |

| 3.65 | 3 |

| 3.65 | 3 |

| 3.50 | 4 |

+-------+------+

-- 创建score表
CREATE TABLE score(
id int not null PRIMARY key,
score FLOAT(5,2) NULL);

-- 插入数据 
INSERT INTO score VALUES
(1,3.50),
(2,3.65),
(3,4.00),
(4,3.85),
(5,4.00),
(6,3.65);

-- 查询分数排名。如果两个分数相同，则两个分数排名（Rank）相同
SELECT score,(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT score) FROM score WHERE score >= s.score) as rank
from score as s
ORDER BY rank;

项目十：行程和用户（难度：困难）

Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id，Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型，枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。

+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+

| Id | Client_Id | Driver_Id | City_Id | Status |Request_at|

+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+

| 1 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed |2013-10-01|

| 2 | 2 | 11 | 1 | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-01|

| 3 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed |2013-10-01|

| 4 | 4 | 13 | 6 | cancelled_by_client|2013-10-01|

| 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed |2013-10-02|

| 6 | 2 | 11 | 6 | completed |2013-10-02|

| 7 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed |2013-10-02|

| 8 | 2 | 12 | 12 | completed |2013-10-03|

| 9 | 3 | 10 | 12 | completed |2013-10-03|

| 10 | 4 | 13 | 12 | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-03|

+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+

 

Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止，Role 则是一个表示（‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’）的枚举类型。

+----------+--------+--------+

| Users_Id | Banned | Role |

+----------+--------+--------+

| 1 | No | client |

| 2 | Yes | client |

| 3 | No | client |

| 4 | No | client |

| 10 | No | driver |

| 11 | No | driver |

| 12 | No | driver |

| 13 | No | driver |

+----------+--------+--------+

 

写一段 SQL 语句查出 2013年10月1日 至 2013年10月3日 期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表，你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果，取消率（Cancellation Rate）保留两位小数。

+------------+-------------------+

| Day | Cancellation Rate |

+------------+-------------------+

| 2013-10-01 | 0.33 |

| 2013-10-02 | 0.00 |

| 2013-10-03 | 0.50 |

+------------+-------------------+

 

-- 创建trips表
CREATE TABLE Trips(
id int not null PRIMARY key,
client_id int not null,
driver_id int not null,
city_id int not null,
status enum('completed','cancelled_by_driver','cancelled_by_client') not null,
request_at DATE not null
);

-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO Trips VALUES
(2,2,11,1,'cancelled_by_driver','2013-10-1'),
(3,3,12,6,'completed','2013-10-01'),
(4,4,13,6,'cancelled_by_client','2013-10-01'),
(5,1,10,1,'completed','2013-10-02'),
(6,2,11,6,'completed','2013-10-02'),
(7,3,12,6,'completed','2013-10-02'),
(8,2,12,12,'completed','2013-10-03'),
(9,3,10,12,'completed','2013-10-03'),
(10,4,13,12,'cancelled_by_driver','2013-10-03');

-- 创建users表
CREATE TABLE Users(
users_id int not null primary key,
banned varchar(50) not null,
role enum('client','driver','partner') not NULL
);

-- 插入数据
INSERT INTO Users VALUES
('1','No','client'),
('2','Yes','client'),
('3','No','client'),
('4','No','client'),
('10','No','driver'),
('11','No','driver'),
('12','No','driver'),
('13','No','driver');

待补充

项目十一：各部门前3高工资的员工（难度：中等）

将项目7中的employee表清空，重新插入以下数据（其实是多插入5,6两行）：

+----+-------+--------+--------------+

| Id | Name | Salary | DepartmentId |

+----+-------+--------+--------------+

| 1 | Joe | 70000 | 1 |

| 2 | Henry | 80000 | 2 |

| 3 | Sam | 60000 | 2 |

| 4 | Max | 90000 | 1 |

| 5 | Janet | 69000 | 1 |

| 6 | Randy | 85000 | 1 |

+----+-------+--------+--------------+

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如，根据上述给定的表格，查询结果应返回：

+------------+----------+--------+

| Department | Employee | Salary |

+------------+----------+--------+

| IT | Max | 90000 |

| IT | Randy | 85000 |

| IT | Joe | 70000 |

| Sales | Henry | 80000 |

| Sales | Sam | 60000 |

+------------+----------+--------+

此外，请考虑实现各部门前N高工资的员工功能。

项目十二 分数排名 - （难度：中等）

依然是昨天的分数表，实现排名功能，但是排名是非连续的，如下：

+-------+------+

| Score | Rank |

+-------+------+

| 4.00 | 1 |

| 4.00 | 1 |

| 3.85 | 3 |

| 3.65 | 4 |

| 3.65 | 4 |

| 3.50 | 6 |

+-------+------