硬件检测
To choose the right driver, first detect the used audio controller. You can use lspci for this task:
lspci | grep -i audio
内核配置
You need to activate the following kernel options:
Device Drivers --->
Sound --->
<*> Sound card Support
<*> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture --->
[*] PCI sound devices --->
Select the driver for your audio controller, e.g.:
<*> Intel HD Audio ---> (snd-hda-intel)
Select a codec or enable all and let the generic parse choose the right one:
[*] Build Realtek HD-audio codec support
[*] ...
[*] Build Silicon Labs 3054 HD-modem codec support
[*] Enable generic HD-audio codec parser
软件
You also want to install media-sound/alsa-utils, if it isn't already pulled in:
emerge --ask alsa-utils
配置
权限
Add the user you want to be able to access the sound card to the audio group:
gpasswd -a larry audio
服务
You can now start ALSA:
/etc/init.d/alsasound start
To start ALSA at boot time, add it your boot runlevel:
rc-update add alsasound boot
Mixer调节音量，取消静音
If you can't hear anything, the output channels may be muted. Unmute the channels with your desktop environment's mixer or with alsamixer by selecting the appropriate channels and hitting the m key to mute or unmute:
alsamixer
测试声音
If everything above is perfect, you should now be able to test your sound card and your speakers. We will use the speaker-test command line tool from package media-sound/alsa-utils (this should already be installed as per our previous recommendation).
speaker-test -t wav -c 2