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  • IOS的网络通信的方法 (转）

    ios设备的网络通信的方法，有如下两个大类：

    1、使用socket的方式进行通信。

    2、使用asynsocket类库进行通信。

    两种方法当中，我觉得asynsocket更好，因为是别人已经封装好的类库，比较稳定。但是对于直接使用socket的通信方法我倒是觉得很灵活。因为控制都是自己在做的事情。

    先列举集中不同的使用方法：

    1、直接使用socket的方式。

    以 TCP为利，对于TCP来说，是要区分服务端和客户端的。服务端：通常的方法是服务端启动后监听，是否有客户端连接，如果有连接，则建立与客户端的通信。客户端的方法通常是连接服务端，当连接成功之后，就希望发送数据了。

    客户端：

    CFSocketContext sockContext ;

    CFSocketRef  cfsock ;

     

    sockContext.info = self;

    sockContext.copyDescription = 0;

     

    cfsock = CFSocketCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,

    PF_INET,

    SOCK_STREAM,

    IPPROTO_TCP,

    kCFSocketConnectCallBack,

    MyCallBack,

    &sockContext

    );

     

     

     

    // 这个地方是个关键的地方，就是建立一个ip地址，然后使的客户端可以向服务端发起连接。

    NSString  *strAddress = @"192.168.1.1";

     

     

     

    if (cfsock != nil) {

     

    struct sockaddr_in addr4; 

     

    memset(&addr4,0,sizeof(addr4));

     

    addr4.sin_len = sizeof(addr4);

     

    addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;

     

    addr4.sin_port = htons(1230);

     

    addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( [strAddress UTF8String] );

     

    CFDataRef address = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (UInt8*)&addr4, sizeof(addr4));

     

    CFSocketConnectToAddress(cfsock, address, -1);

    }

     

     

    // 发起连接之后，需要将runloop的过程，也就是消息的过程加入到当前线程当中。这样当有事件发生时，会调用对应的方法。

     

    CFRunLoopRef crun = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();// CFRunLoopGetMain();

    CFRunLoopSourceRef source = CFSocketCreateRunLoopSource(kCFAllocatorDefault, cfsock, 0);

     

    CFRunLoopAddSource(crun, source, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

     

    CFRelease(source);

     

    回调函数：当连接成功之后的处理如下：

     

     

    static void MyCallBack (

    CFSocketRef          s,

    CFSocketCallBackType callbackType,

    CFDataRef    address,

    const void   *data,

    void         *info

    )

    {

     

    if (data!=NULL) {

    NSLog(@"传输失败!");

    }

     

    SocketTestAppDelegate *client = (SocketTestAppDelegate*)info;

     

    [client performSelectoInBackground:@selector(readstream) withObject:nil];

     

     

    }

     

    -(void) readstream

    {

    char buffer[1024];

     

    NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

     

    while (recv(CFSocketGetNative(cfsock),buffer,sizeof(buffer),0)) {

     

    }

     

    [pool release];

    }

    //  如果希望直接向服务器写内容的话，采用如下的方法。

    -(void) sendstream

    {

    NSString * stringtosend = @"hello everyone";

     

    const char *data = [stringtosend UTF8String];

     

    send(CFSocketGetNative(cfsock),data,strlen(data)+1,0);

    }

     

    服务器端的程序：

     

     

    CFSocketRef socketserver;

    int setupSocket()

    {

    socketserver =CFSocketCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP,kCFSocketAcceptCallBack,myaccept,NULL);

     

    int optval =1;

     

    setsockopt(CFSocketGetNative(socketserver), SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void*)&optval,sizeof(optval));

     

    struct sockaddr_in addr4;

     

    memset(&addr4,0,sizeof(addr4));

     

    addr4.sin_len = sizeof(addr4);

     

    addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;

     

    addr4.sin_port = htons(10);

    addr4.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);

     

    CFDataRef  address = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (UInt8*)&addr4, sizeof(addr4));

     

    CFSocketSetAddress(socketserver, address);

     

    CFRunLoopRef cfRunloop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();

     

    CFRunLoopSourceRef source = CFSocketCreateRunLoopSource(kCFAllocatorDefault, socketserver, 0);

     

    CFRunLoopAddSource(cfRunloop, source, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

     

    CFRelease(source);

     

    }

     

    //服务端的socket建立之后，就需要接受client的连接，因此建立连接的回调函数。

     

     

    static void myaccept (

    CFSocketRef          s,

    CFSocketCallBackType callbackType,

    CFDataRef    address,

    const void   *data,

    void         *info

    )

    {

     

    if (callbackType == kCFSocketAcceptCallBack) {

     

     

    // 如果对端连接成功的话，是可以获取对端的名称和socket的。

     

    CFSocketNativeHandle nativesockethandle = *(CFSocketNativeHandle*)data;

     

    uint8_t name[100];

    socklen_t namelen = 100;

     

    getpeername(nativesockethandle, (struct sockaddr *)name, &namelen);

     

    //除此以外，更重要的是获取输入流 和 输出流，

     

    CFReadStreamRef iStream;

    CFWriteStreamRef oStream;

     

    // 创建一个可读写的socket连接

     

     

    CFStreamCreatePairWithSocket(kCFAllocatorDefault, nativesockethandle, &iStream, &oStream);

     

    CFStreamClientContext streamcontext={

    0,NULL,NULL,NULL

    };

    // 注册两种事件！

     

    CFReadStreamSetClient(iStream, kCFStreamEventHasBytesAvailable, readStream, &streamcontext);

     

    CFReadStreamSetClient(iStream, kCFStreamEventCanAcceptBytes, writeStream, &streamcontext);

     

    //加入到循环当中！

     

    CFReadStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(iStream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(),kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

     

    CFWriteStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(oStream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(),kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

     

     

    CFReadStreamOpen(iStream);

     

    CFWriteStreamOpen(oStream);

    }

     

     

    }

     

     

     

    void readStream(CFReadStreamRef stream,CFStreamEventType eventType, void *clientCallBackInfo) {

     

        UInt8 buff[255];

     

        CFReadStreamRead(stream, buff, 255);

     

        printf("received: %s", buff);

     

    }

     

    void writeStream (CFWriteStreamRef stream, CFStreamEventType eventType, void *clientCallBackInfo) {

     

       // outputStream = stream;

     

     

     

       char *str = "nihao";
    CFWriteStreamWrite(outputStream, str, strlen(line) + 1);
    


    }
    

     
    

    另一种方法是使用NSStream的方式构建客户端，然后发送和接受内容。
    

     
    

     
    

    
-(void)startClient
    

    
{
    

    
    host
 = [NSHosthostWithAddress:@"192.168.201.24"];//hostWithName:@"www.apple.com"];
    

    
    [NSStreamgetStreamsToHost:host
 port:4242 inputStream:&inStream outputStream:&outStream]; 
    

    
     
    

    
    if((inStream
 == nil)
 || (outStream == nil))
    

    
    {
    

    
        NSLog(@"Error:
 Failed to create streams!")
 ;
    

    
        [selfrelease];
    

    
    }
    

    
}
    

    
 
    

    
-
 (void)stream:(NSStream*)aStream
 handleEvent:(NSStreamEvent)eventCode
    

    
{
    

    
    switch(eventCode)
 {
    

    
        caseNSStreamEventHasBytesAvailable:
    

    
        {
    

    
            NSMutableData*input
 = [[NSMutableDataalloc]
 init];
    

    
            uint8_t
 buffer[1024];
    

    
            intlen;
    

    
            while([inStream
 hasBytesAvailable])
    

    
            {
    

    
                len
 = [inStream read:buffer maxLength:sizeof(buffer)];
    

    
                if(len
 > 0)
    

    
                {
    

    
                    [input
 appendBytes:buffer length:len];
    

    
                }
    

    
            }
    

    
            self._resultdata
 = input;
    

    
            self._resultstring
 = [[NSStringalloc]
 initWithData:input encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    

    
            [input
 release];
    

    
            break;
    

    
        }
    

    
        caseNSStreamEventEndEncountered:
    

    
            [selfcloseStream];
    

    
            break;
    

    
        caseNSStreamEventHasSpaceAvailable:
    

    
        caseNSStreamEventErrorOccurred:
    

    
        {
    

    
            NSLog(@"Error:%@:%@",[[aStream
 streamError] code], [[aStream streamError] localizedDescription]);
    

    
        }
    

    
        caseNSStreamEventOpenCompleted:
    

    
        caseNSStreamEventNone:
    

    
        default:
    

    
            break;
    

    
    }
    

    
}
    

    
 
    

    
-(void)closeStream{
    

    
    [inStream
 close];
    

    
    [outStream
 close];
    

    
    [inStream
 removeFromRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
 forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
    

    
    [outStream
 removeFromRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
 forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
    

    
    [inStream
 setDelegate:nil];
    

    
    [outStream
 setDelegate:nil];
    

    
    [inStream
 release];
    

    
    [outStream
 release];
    

    
    inStream
 = nil;
    

    
    outStream
 = nil;
    

    
}
    

    
 
    

    
-(void)openStream{
    

    
    [inStream
 retain];
    

    
    [outStream
 retain];
    

    
    [inStream
 setProperty:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelSSLv3forKey:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelKey];
    

    
    [outStream
 setProperty:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelSSLv3forKey:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelKey];
    

    
    NSMutableDictionary*
 sslSettings;
    

    
    sslSettings
 = [NSMutableDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)kCFBooleanFalse,kCFStreamSSLValidatesCertificateChain,kCFBooleanFalse,kCFStreamSSLIsServer,nil];
    

    
    CFWriteStreamSetProperty((CFWriteStreamRef)outStream,
 kCFStreamPropertySSLSettings, sslSettings);
    

    
    [inStream
 setDelegate:self];
    

    
    [outStream
 setDelegate:self];
    

    
    [inStream
 scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
 forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
    

    
    [outStream
 scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
 forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
    

    
    [inStream
 open];
    

    
    [outStream
 open];
    

    
}
    

    
 
    

    
-(int)writeString:
 (NSString*)
 string 
    

    
{
    

    
    NSData*messageAsData
 = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
    

    
    return[outStream
 write: (c*****t uint8_t *) [messageAsData bytes] maxLength: [messageAsData length]];
    

    
}
    

    
 
    

    
-(int)writeBytes:
 (char*)
 buffer length: (unsigned int)
 len 
    

    
{
    

    
    return[outStream
 write: (c*****t uint8_t *) buffer maxLength: len]; 
    

    
}
    

    
@end
    

    
    
                
    
                
              
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                原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/worldtraveler/p/2830766.html
              
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