Httpclient 支持https（转）

参考：https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/154b46317353d228ca8f4112.html

参考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a44407f48321

       （一） 自httpclient-4.4开始，官方对代码进行了很多调整，4.4以前的很多class和method都过时了，而国内之前很多关于httpclient的分享都是4.4之前的。

        个人感觉使用Httpclient比较重要的是看它的代码，和官方的一些例子，可能是网络知识比较短板的原因，官方的tutorial其实看起来挺不清晰的，感觉主线不明确，不能引导你很好的学习，建议初学的人同时结合官网、源码、官方例子、tutorial进行学习。

        HttpClient-4.5.jar  

@Test
public void firstHttpClientDemo(){
try {
            String url = "http://www.baidu.com";
            // 使用默认配置创建httpclient的实例
            CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
            
            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
//          HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
            
            CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
//          CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
            
            // 服务器返回码
            int status_code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println("status_code = " + status_code);
            
            // 服务器返回内容,请求到的是一个页面
            String respStr = null;
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if(entity != null) {
                respStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            }
            System.out.println("respStr = " + respStr);
            // 释放资源
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
}

这个demo主要是完成基本的交互过程，发送请求，接收消息，如果只是做小程序或者不是特别大并发量的系统，基本已经够用了。

进行一些说明：

1.需要向服务器发送请求，我们需要一个org.apache.http.client.HttpClient的实例对象，一般使用的都是org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient，创建该对象的最简单方法是CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();,HttpClients是负责创建CloseableHttpClient的工厂，现在我们用最简单的方法就是使用默认配置去创建实例，后面我们再讨论有参数定制需求的实例创建方法。我们可以通过打断点的方式看到这个默认的实例对象的连接管理器 ： org.apache.http.conn.HttpClientConnectionManager、请求配置 ： org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig等配置的默认参数，这些都是后面需要了解的。

2.构造请求方法HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);表示我们希望用那种交互方法与服务器交互，HttpClient为每种交互方法都提供了一个类：HttpGet,
HttpHead, HttpPost, HttpPut, HttpDelete, HttpTrace, 还有 HttpOptions。

3.向服务器提交请求CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);，很明显`CloseableHttpResponse就是用了处理返回数据的实体，通过它我们可以拿到返回的状态码、返回实体等等我们需要的东西。

4.EntityUtils是官方提供一个处理返回实体的工具类，toString方法负责将返回实体装换为字符串，官方是不太建议使用这个类的，除非返回数据的服务器绝对可信和返回的内容长度是有限的。官方建议是自己使用HttpEntity#getContent()或者HttpEntity#writeTo(OutputStream)，需要提醒的是记得关闭底层资源。

5.EntityUtils.consume(entity);负责释放资源，通过源码可知，是需要把底层的流关闭：

1.  
   InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
2.  
   if (instream != null) {
3.  
   instream.close();
4.  
   }
5.  
    

好了，到此已经完成了httpclient的第一个demo。
jar包地址：Apache HttpClient 4.5.2、Apache HttpCore 4.4

（二）跟服务器交互，更多的是发送数据，然后接收到服务器返回的数据，一般我们利用http-client中的实体(Entity)，具体在org.apache.http.entity包下面的类来封装我们的请求，从服务器上接收的也是实体，这个在上一篇的response.getEntity()可知。

HttpClient根据内容的出处来区分3种实体：

• 流式(Stream)：内容从流(Stream)中接收，或者在运行中产生(generated on the fly)。

• 自我包含(self-contained)：内容在内存中或通过独立的连接或其他实体中获得。

• 包装(wrapping)：内容是从其他实体(Entity)中获得的。

只有自我包含的实体是可以重复的，重复意味着可以被多次读取，如多次调用EntityUtils.toString(entity)。具体来讲有如：StringEntity、ByteArrayEntity……

废话不多说，上代码，看看如何向服务器发送请求。

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.junit.Test;

@Test
public void requestParaDemo(){
try {
            String url = "http://localhost:9090";
            // 使用默认配置创建httpclient的实例
            CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
            
            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
            
            /**
             * 设置参数，常用的有StringEntity,UrlEncodedFormEntity,MultipartEntity
             * 具体看org.apache.http.entity包
             */
            List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "张三"));
            params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456"));
            UrlEncodedFormEntity e = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8");
            post.setEntity(e);
            
            CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
            
            // 服务器返回码
            int status_code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println(status_code);
            
            // 服务器返回内容
            String respStr = null;
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if(entity != null) {
                respStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            }
            System.out.println("respStr = " + respStr);
            // 释放资源
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

}

 

代码模拟了客户端向服务器发送一个表单数据，最常用的场景就是发送报文数据/登陆动作了。

这段代码应该不需要过多的解释。

来欣赏一下官方代码是如何完成一个登陆动作的：

public void ClientFormLogin()throws Exception{
BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
        try {
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://someportal/");
            CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpget);
            try {
                HttpEntity entity = response1.getEntity();

                System.out.println("Login form get: " + response1.getStatusLine());
                EntityUtils.consume(entity);

                System.out.println("Initial set of cookies:");
                List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.getCookies();
                if (cookies.isEmpty()) {
                    System.out.println("None");
                } else {
                    for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) {
                        System.out.println("- " + cookies.get(i).toString());
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                response1.close();
            }

            HttpUriRequest login = RequestBuilder.post().setUri(new URI("https://someportal/"))
                    .addParameter("IDToken1", "username").addParameter("IDToken2", "password").build();
            CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(login);
            try {
                HttpEntity entity = response2.getEntity();

                System.out.println("Login form get: " + response2.getStatusLine());
                EntityUtils.consume(entity);

                System.out.println("Post logon cookies:");
                List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.getCookies();
                if (cookies.isEmpty()) {
                    System.out.println("None");
                } else {
                    for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) {
                        System.out.println("- " + cookies.get(i).toString());
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                response2.close();
            }
        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }

}

（三）我们在使用HttpClient的时候更多的是需要自己根据业务特点创建自己定制化的HttpClient实例，而不是像上面那样使用

 

1.  
   // 使用默认配置创建httpclient的实例
2.  
   CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

废话不多说，直接上代码(Talk is cheap, show me the code!)：

1.  
   /**
2.  
   * 使用httpclient-4.5.2发送请求，配置请求定制化参数
3.  
   * @author chmod400
4.  
   * 2016.3.28
5.  
   */

@Test
public void requestConfigDemo(){
try {
            String url = "http://www.baidu.com";
            /**
             *  请求参数配置
             *  connectionRequestTimeout:
             *    从连接池中获取连接的超时时间，超过该时间未拿到可用连接，
             *    会抛出org.apache.http.conn.ConnectionPoolTimeoutException: Timeout waiting for connection from pool
             *  connectTimeout:
             *    连接上服务器(握手成功)的时间，超出该时间抛出connect timeout
             *  socketTimeout:
             *    服务器返回数据(response)的时间，超过该时间抛出read timeout
             */
            CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(RequestConfig.custom()
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(2000).setConnectTimeout(2000).setSocketTimeout(2000).build()).build();
            
            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
//          HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
            
            CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
//          CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
          
            // 服务器返回码
            int status_code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            System.out.println("status_code = " + status_code);
            
            // 服务器返回内容
            String respStr = null;
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if(entity != null) {
                respStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            }
            System.out.println("respStr = " + respStr);
            // 释放资源
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

 

需要说明的是，需要自己定制HttpClient客户端的话，我们使用HttpClients.custom()，然后调用各种set方法即可，一般建议使用HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig()，org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig类提供了很多可定制的参数，我们可以根据自己的配置来使用相关配置。有几个参数我们自己必须设置一下

1.  
   connectionRequestTimeout:从连接池中获取连接的超时时间，超过该时间未拿到可用连接，        会抛出org.apache.http.conn.ConnectionPoolTimeoutException: Timeout waiting for connection from pool
2.  
    

connectTimeout:连接上服务器(握手成功)的时间，超出该时间抛出connect timeout

socketTimeout:服务器返回数据(response)的时间，超过该时间抛出read timeout

通过打断点的方式我们知道，HttpClients在我们没有指定连接工厂的时候默认使用的是连接池工厂org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory>)，所以我们需要配置一下从连接池获取连接池的超时时间。

以上3个超时相关的参数如果未配置，默认为-1，意味着无限大，就是一直阻塞等待！

官方提供了一个demo，里面有一些最常用的配置代码，仅供参考：

 

/*
 * ====================================================================
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
 * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * <http://www.apache.org/>.
 *
 */


package org.apache.http.examples.client;


import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction;
import java.util.Arrays;


import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;


import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.client.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.client.config.AuthSchemes;
import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.config.ConnectionConfig;
import org.apache.http.config.MessageConstraints;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.config.SocketConfig;
import org.apache.http.conn.DnsResolver;
import org.apache.http.conn.HttpConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ManagedHttpClientConnection;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.DefaultHttpResponseFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParser;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpResponseParserFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.ManagedHttpClientConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
import org.apache.http.impl.io.DefaultHttpRequestWriterFactory;
import org.apache.http.io.HttpMessageParser;
import org.apache.http.io.HttpMessageParserFactory;
import org.apache.http.io.HttpMessageWriterFactory;
import org.apache.http.io.SessionInputBuffer;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicLineParser;
import org.apache.http.message.LineParser;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContexts;
import org.apache.http.util.CharArrayBuffer;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;


/**
 * This example demonstrates how to customize and configure the most common aspects
 * of HTTP request execution and connection management.
 */
public class ClientConfiguration {


    public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {


        // Use custom message parser / writer to customize the way HTTP
        // messages are parsed from and written out to the data stream.
        HttpMessageParserFactory<HttpResponse> responseParserFactory = new DefaultHttpResponseParserFactory() {


            @Override
            public HttpMessageParser<HttpResponse> create(
                SessionInputBuffer buffer, MessageConstraints constraints) {
                LineParser lineParser = new BasicLineParser() {


                    @Override
                    public Header parseHeader(final CharArrayBuffer buffer) {
                        try {
                            return super.parseHeader(buffer);
                        } catch (ParseException ex) {
                            return new BasicHeader(buffer.toString(), null);
                        }
                    }


                };
                return new DefaultHttpResponseParser(
                    buffer, lineParser, DefaultHttpResponseFactory.INSTANCE, constraints) {


                    @Override
                    protected boolean reject(final CharArrayBuffer line, int count) {
                        // try to ignore all garbage preceding a status line infinitely
                        return false;
                    }


                };
            }


        };
        HttpMessageWriterFactory<HttpRequest> requestWriterFactory = new DefaultHttpRequestWriterFactory();


        // Use a custom connection factory to customize the process of
        // initialization of outgoing HTTP connections. Beside standard connection
        // configuration parameters HTTP connection factory can define message
        // parser / writer routines to be employed by individual connections.
        HttpConnectionFactory<HttpRoute, ManagedHttpClientConnection> connFactory = new ManagedHttpClientConnectionFactory(
                requestWriterFactory, responseParserFactory);


        // Client HTTP connection objects when fully initialized can be bound to
        // an arbitrary network socket. The process of network socket initialization,
        // its connection to a remote address and binding to a local one is controlled
        // by a connection socket factory.


        // SSL context for secure connections can be created either based on
        // system or application specific properties.
        SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.createSystemDefault();


        // Create a registry of custom connection socket factories for supported
        // protocol schemes.
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
            .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
            .register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext))
            .build();


        // Use custom DNS resolver to override the system DNS resolution.
        DnsResolver dnsResolver = new SystemDefaultDnsResolver() {


            @Override
            public InetAddress[] resolve(final String host) throws UnknownHostException {
                if (host.equalsIgnoreCase("myhost")) {
                    return new InetAddress[] { InetAddress.getByAddress(new byte[] {127, 0, 0, 1}) };
                } else {
                    return super.resolve(host);
                }
            }


        };


        // Create a connection manager with custom configuration.
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(
                socketFactoryRegistry, connFactory, dnsResolver);


        // Create socket configuration
        SocketConfig socketConfig = SocketConfig.custom()
            .setTcpNoDelay(true)
            .build();
        // Configure the connection manager to use socket configuration either
        // by default or for a specific host.
        connManager.setDefaultSocketConfig(socketConfig);
        connManager.setSocketConfig(new HttpHost("somehost", 80), socketConfig);
        // Validate connections after 1 sec of inactivity
        connManager.setValidateAfterInactivity(1000);


        // Create message constraints
        MessageConstraints messageConstraints = MessageConstraints.custom()
            .setMaxHeaderCount(200)
            .setMaxLineLength(2000)
            .build();
        // Create connection configuration
        ConnectionConfig connectionConfig = ConnectionConfig.custom()
            .setMalformedInputAction(CodingErrorAction.IGNORE)
            .setUnmappableInputAction(CodingErrorAction.IGNORE)
            .setCharset(Consts.UTF_8)
            .setMessageConstraints(messageConstraints)
            .build();
        // Configure the connection manager to use connection configuration either
        // by default or for a specific host.
        connManager.setDefaultConnectionConfig(connectionConfig);
        connManager.setConnectionConfig(new HttpHost("somehost", 80), ConnectionConfig.DEFAULT);


        // Configure total max or per route limits for persistent connections
        // that can be kept in the pool or leased by the connection manager.
        connManager.setMaxTotal(100);
        connManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(10);
        connManager.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(new HttpHost("somehost", 80)), 20);


        // Use custom cookie store if necessary.
        CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
        // Use custom credentials provider if necessary.
        CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
        // Create global request configuration
        RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
            .setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.DEFAULT)
            .setExpectContinueEnabled(true)
            .setTargetPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.NTLM, AuthSchemes.DIGEST))
            .setProxyPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.BASIC))
            .build();


        // Create an HttpClient with the given custom dependencies and configuration.
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
            .setConnectionManager(connManager)
            .setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore)
            .setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
            .setProxy(new HttpHost("myproxy", 8080))
            .setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)
            .build();


        try {
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://httpbin.org/get");
            // Request configuration can be overridden at the request level.
            // They will take precedence over the one set at the client level.
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.copy(defaultRequestConfig)
                .setSocketTimeout(5000)
                .setConnectTimeout(5000)
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
                .setProxy(new HttpHost("myotherproxy", 8080))
                .build();
            httpget.setConfig(requestConfig);


            // Execution context can be customized locally.
            HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create();
            // Contextual attributes set the local context level will take
            // precedence over those set at the client level.
            context.setCookieStore(cookieStore);
            context.setCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);


            System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget, context);
            try {
                System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
                System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
                System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
                System.out.println("----------------------------------------");


                // Once the request has been executed the local context can
                // be used to examine updated state and various objects affected
                // by the request execution.


                // Last executed request
                context.getRequest();
                // Execution route
                context.getHttpRoute();
                // Target auth state
                context.getTargetAuthState();
                // Proxy auth state
                context.getTargetAuthState();
                // Cookie origin
                context.getCookieOrigin();
                // Cookie spec used
                context.getCookieSpec();
                // User security token
                context.getUserToken();


            } finally {
                response.close();
            }
        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }
    }


}

（四） 

总结一下HttpClient发送https请求相关的内容。
先简单介绍连接工厂(interface org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory)，连接工厂主要用于创建、初始化、连接socket。org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory是默认的socket工厂，用于创建无加密(unencrypted)socket对象。创建https需要使用org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory，PlainConnectionSocketFactory和SSLConnectionSocketFactory都实现了ConnectionSocketFactory。
好了，直接上代码，代码实现的功能是，组装一个发往银联的查询报文（查询交易结果）。

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;


import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;


import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;


/**
 * This example demonstrates how to create secure connections with a custom SSL
 * context.
 */
public class ClientCustomSSL {
    private static String reqStr = "txnType=00&signMethod=01&certId=68759663125&encoding=UTF-8&merId=777290058110048&bizType=000201&txnSubType=00&signature=k0lrWgeLK%2Fx%2B8ajj15QCYfmdQxZSKBjXUJN0bLt17rp87ptogxWgHAAq7EUt8RlEbxD6GaRngwtdLGiy6are45Gj1dBLJBtW2841WIq4Ywzx3oK6538Kfh9ll91GJcZJGYz8LuJoZfii7HFPlpl1ZsPZbbdKP6WFVHNMnGnL9nk9QSa%2BihXGpyK%2Fy1FA42AJpfc%2FTT3BV6C%2FxpoEhXzVckHnniVnCpLdGnPfZOd76wK%2Fa%2BALNmniwUZmMj9uNPwnONIIwL%2FFqrqQinQArolW%2FrcIt9NL7qKvQujM%2BdRvd1fboAHI5bZC3ktVPB0s5QFfsRhSRFghVi4RHOzL8ZG%2FVQ%3D%3D&orderId=20160309145206&version=5.0.0&txnTime=20160309145206&accessType=0";
    private static String url = "https://101.231.204.80:5000/gateway/api/queryTrans.do";


    // 信任管理器
    private static X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        }

        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        }

        @Override
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return null;
        }
    };
    
    public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        // 初始化SSL上下文
        sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
        // SSL套接字连接工厂,NoopHostnameVerifier为信任所有服务器
        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext,NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
        /**
         * 通过setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf)保证httpclient实例能发送Https请求
         */
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).setMaxConnTotal(50)
                .setMaxConnPerRoute(50).setDefaultRequestConfig(RequestConfig.custom()
                        .setConnectionRequestTimeout(60000).setConnectTimeout(60000).setSocketTimeout(60000).build())
                .build();
        try {

            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
            
            // 设置参数，参数含义不需要理解
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("txnType","00");
            map.put("signMethod","01");
            map.put("certId","68759663125");
            map.put("encoding","UTF-8");
            map.put("merId","777290058110048");
            map.put("bizType","000201");
            map.put("txnSubType","00");
            map.put("signature","k0lrWgeLK%2Fx%2B8ajj15QCYfmdQxZSKBjXUJN0bLt17rp87ptogxWgHAAq7EUt8RlEbxD6GaRngwtdLGiy6are45Gj1dBLJBtW2841WIq4Ywzx3oK6538Kfh9ll91GJcZJGYz8LuJoZfii7HFPlpl1ZsPZbbdKP6WFVHNMnGnL9nk9QSa%2BihXGpyK%2Fy1FA42AJpfc%2FTT3BV6C%2FxpoEhXzVckHnniVnCpLdGnPfZOd76wK%2Fa%2BALNmniwUZmMj9uNPwnONIIwL%2FFqrqQinQArolW%2FrcIt9NL7qKvQujM%2BdRvd1fboAHI5bZC3ktVPB0s5QFfsRhSRFghVi4RHOzL8ZG%2FVQ%3D%3D");
            map.put("orderId","20160309145206");
            map.put("version","5.0.0");
            map.put("txnTime","20160309145206");
            map.put("accessType","0");
            
            List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                Entry<String, String> elem = (Entry<String, String>) iterator.next();
                list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(elem.getKey(), elem.getValue()));
            }
            if (list.size() > 0) {
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, "UTF-8");
                httppost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            
            System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getRequestLine());

            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
            try {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

                System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
                System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
                if (entity != null) {
                    System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
                }
                String s = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
                System.out.println("应答内容：" + s);
                
                EntityUtils.consume(entity);
            } finally {
                response.close();
            }
        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }
        
        long endtime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("耗时:" + (endtime-starttime) + "ms");
    }

}

使用注册器可以保证既能发送http请求也能发送httpsclient请求，代码块如下：

int httpReqTimeOut = 60000;//60秒


SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        // 初始化SSL上下文
        sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
        // SSL套接字连接工厂,NoopHostnameVerifier为信任所有服务器
        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext,NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
        // 注册http套接字工厂和https套接字工厂
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> r = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
                .register("https", sslsf)
                .build();
        // 连接池管理器
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager pcm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(r);
        pcm.setMaxTotal(maxConnTotal);//连接池最大连接数
        pcm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxConnPerRoute);//每个路由最大连接数
        /**
         *  请求参数配置
         *  connectionRequestTimeout:
         *                          从连接池中获取连接的超时时间，超过该时间未拿到可用连接，
         *                          会抛出org.apache.http.conn.ConnectionPoolTimeoutException: Timeout waiting for connection from pool
         *  connectTimeout:
         *                  连接上服务器(握手成功)的时间，超出该时间抛出connect timeout
         *  socketTimeout:
         *                  服务器返回数据(response)的时间，超过该时间抛出read timeout
         */
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(httpReqTimeOut)
                .setConnectTimeout(httpReqTimeOut)
                .setSocketTimeout(httpReqTimeOut)
                .build();
        /**
         * 构造closeableHttpClient对象
         */
        closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.custom()
                .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
                .setConnectionManager(pcm)
                .setRetryHandler(retryHandler)
                .build();

 

关键代码为：

        // 注册http套接字工厂和https套接字工厂
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> r = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
                .register("https", sslsf)
                .build();