web自动化中的三种切换---iframe

1、iframe切换方式一

• 首先先确定定位元素在iframe元素中，打开网页https://ke.qq.com/点击登录按钮，按F12,定位账户密码登录元素

　　

• 切换到指定的iframe元素中，如下　　　

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome()
# 访问一个网页
driver.get("https://ke.qq.com/")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element_by_id('js_login').click()
# 等待//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']元素出现
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']")))
# 点击//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']元素
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']").click()
# 等待iframe元素出现
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME,"login_frame_qq")))
# 切换iframe
driver.switch_to.frame('login_frame_qq') #name属性方式定位
time.sleep(0.5)#切换到iframe元素过程等待0.5秒
# 等待id为switcher_plogin的元素出现
WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,'switcher_plogin')))
driver.find_element_by_id('switcher_plogin').click()
# Switches focus to the specified frame, by index, name, or webelement.
'''
:Usage:
            driver.switch_to.frame('frame_name')#通过name属性
            driver.switch_to.frame(1)#通过index  从1开始
            driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")[0])#通过其他元素定位方式切换iframe  find_elements_by_tag_name
'''
# driver.switch_to.frame(1)#index方式定位
# driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_element_by_xpath('//iframe[@name="login_frame_qq"]'))#其他定位元素的方式，xpath方式定位

2、iframe切换方式二　

# iframe方式二切换,#直接在WebDriverWait中使用函数frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it，切换到iframe中
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it('login_frame_qq'))
#等待0.5秒
time.sleep(0.5)

 3、从iframe当中回到默认的页面当中 driver.switch_to.default_content()　

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome()
# 访问一个网页
driver.get("https://ke.qq.com/")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element_by_id('js_login').click()
# 等待//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']元素出现
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']")))
# 点击//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']元素
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='ptlogin-wrap']//i[@class='icon-font i-qq']").click()
# 等待iframe元素出现
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME,"login_frame_qq")))
# # 切换iframe
driver.switch_to.frame('login_frame_qq') #name属性方式定位
time.sleep(0.5)#切换到iframe元素过程等待0.5秒
# 等待id为switcher_plogin的元素出现
WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,'switcher_plogin')))
driver.find_element_by_id('switcher_plogin').click()
# Switches focus to the specified frame, by index, name, or webelement.
'''
:Usage:
            driver.switch_to.frame('frame_name')#通过name属性
            driver.switch_to.frame(1)#通过index  从1开始
            driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")[0])#通过其他元素定位方式切换iframe  find_elements_by_tag_name
'''

# driver.switch_to.frame(1)#index方式定位
# driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_element_by_xpath('//iframe[@name="login_frame_qq"]'))#其他定位元素的方式，xpath方式定位

# iframe方式二切换,#直接在WebDriverWait中使用函数frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it，切换到iframe中
# WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it('login_frame_qq'))
# time.sleep(0.5)

# 从iframe当中回到默认的页面当中
driver.switch_to.default_content()
time.sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@id='login_close']//i[@class='icon-font i-close']").click()
driver.find_element_by_id('js_login').click()

备注：iframe只能一层一层的切进去，不能跳级切换

# 跳到上一级的iframe中，使用以下方法
driver.switch_to.parent_frame()