web自动化中的三种切换--窗口切换

1、窗口切换

• 获取打开的窗口句柄总数，返回的是一个列表

　　　　handles=driver.window_handles

• 切换到最新的窗口句柄

　　　　driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])

• 操作代码如下：

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 窗口切换操作
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
# 访问一个网页
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys("柠檬班")
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,'//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度贴吧")]')))
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度贴吧")]').click()
time.sleep(0.5)#等待0.5秒，确定点击的网页都打开
# 获得打开浏览器的句柄,返回的是列表
handles=driver.window_handles
print(handles)
driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])
# 打印当前句柄
print(driver.current_window_handle)
# :Args:    driver.switch_to.window(window_name)
#          - window_name: The name or window handle of the window to switch to.
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='签到']")))#等待元素出现
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='签到']").click()
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn")))
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn').click()
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_5__closeBtn').click()

2、判断新的窗口是否已经打开使用 

　　EC.new_window_is_opened(current_handles)

　　操作代码如下：

　　

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 窗口切换操作
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
# 访问一个网页
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys("柠檬班")
driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,'//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度贴吧")]')))
# 获取打开新页面之前的窗口总的句柄
handles=driver.window_handles
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[contains(text(),"吧_百度贴吧")]').click()
time.sleep(0.5)#等待0.5秒，确定点击的网页都打开
# 等待新页面打开
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.new_window_is_opened(handles))
# 获得打开浏览器的句柄,返回的是列表
handles=driver.window_handles
print(handles)
# 切换到新的句柄
driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])
# 打印当前句柄
print(driver.current_window_handle)
# :Args:    driver.switch_to.window(window_name)
#          - window_name: The name or window handle of the window to switch to.
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='签到']")))#等待元素出现
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@id='signstar_wrapper']//a[@title='签到']").click()
WebDriverWait(driver,20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,"TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn")))
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_11__footerULoginBtn').click()
driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_5__closeBtn').click()