centos 生产环境部署 asp.net core

参考：
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/host-and-deploy/linux-nginx
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/linux-prerequisites
https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/core/install/linux-package-manager-centos7
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/host-and-deploy/proxy-load-balancer

发布程序

dotnet publish --configuration Release

服务器安装 net core runtime

sudo rpm -Uvh https://packages.microsoft.com/config/centos/7/packages-microsoft-prod.rpm
sudo yum update -y

#使用2.1
sudo yum install aspnetcore-runtime-2.1
#使用3.1
sudo yum install aspnetcore-runtime-3.1
#查看版本
dotnet --info

服务守护

创建文件/etc/systemd/system/kestrel-helloapp.service

[Unit]
Description=Example .NET Web API App running on Ubuntu

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/www/helloapp
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloapp/helloapp.dll #服务运行的命令行
Restart=always
RestartSec=10 # 崩溃后10秒重启
KillSignal=SIGINT
SyslogIdentifier=dotnet-example
User=root # 以root身份运行，建议改为其他普通用户
Environment=ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
Environment=ASPNETCORE_URLS=https://+:443;http://+:80;http://+:5000 #通过环境变量设置端口，+也可改为 * 或 0.0.0.0
Environment=DOTNET_PRINT_TELEMETRY_MESSAGE=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

可选：上面kestrel-helloapp.service通过ASPNETCORE_URLS环境变量设置了开放的端口，也可通过UseUrls代码强行指定

2.x:
public static IWebHost BuildWebHost(string[] args)
{
    return WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
            .UseUrls("http://+:5000;") //通过UseUrls使用特定端口
            .UseStartup<Startup>()
            .Build();
}

3.x:
public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
	Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
		.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
		{
			webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>()
			.UseUrls("http://+:5000;");
		});

服务启动

systemctl enable kestrel-helloapp.service
systemctl start kestrel-helloapp.service
systemctl status kestrel-helloapp.service

配置防火墙端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=5000/tcp
firewall-cmd --reload

nginx转发

修改程序，支持代理转发

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides;

services.Configure<ForwardedHeadersOptions>(options =>
{
    //options.KnownProxies.Add(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.56.10"));
    options.ForwardedHeaders =
            ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor | ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto;
});

app.UseForwardedHeaders();

添加nginx配置

/etc/nginx/conf.d/xx.conf

server {
    listen        80;
    server_name   example.com *.example.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass         http://localhost:5000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header   Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header   Connection keep-alive;
        proxy_set_header   Host $http_host; #此处官方文档使用的$host缺少端口号
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }
}