事件背景：
前几日在群里看到关总说他的server端是搭建在linux环境下，包括对客户端与服务端的交互处理，感觉整体思路清晰可鉴，于是就想尝试，动手实践，接着从环境搭建开始搞起，于是就有了这篇文章，不得不吐槽下，这是段很深刻的回忆呀，历时1.5工作日，终于搞定环境搭建！！
依赖关联：
ps：以我现在的为例，个别根据自己情况调整
- JDK 1.8
- Android SDK 1.0.40
- nodejs 8.7
- appium 1.9.1
一、安装jdk：
参考我之前写过的《ubuntu12.04 安装配置jdk1.7》
二、安装Android SDK:
1、下载sdk
cd /opt mkdir androidSdk wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/sdk-tools-linux-3859397.zip unzip sdk-tools-linux-3859397.zip
2、配置环境变量
sudo vim /etc/profile
#set sdk enviroment export ANDROID_HOME=/opt/androidSdk export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools/bin
保存退出，输入以下命令使之立即生效
source /etc/profile
3、查看已安装信息
sdkmanager --list Installed packages: Path | Version | Description | Location ------- | ------- | ------- | ------- tools | 26.0.1 | Android SDK Tools 26.0.1 | tools/ Available Packages: Path | Version | Description ------- | ------- | ------- add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-15 | 3 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-16 | 4 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-17 | 4 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-18 | 4 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-19 | 20 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-21 | 1 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-22 | 1 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-23 | 1 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g..._apis-google-24 | 1 | Google APIs add-ons;addon-g...e_gdk-google-19 | 11 | Glass Development Kit Preview build-tools;19.1.0 | 19.1.0 | Android SDK Build-Tools 19.1 build-tools;20.0.0 | 20.0.0 | Android SDK Build-Tools 20 build-tools;21.1.2 | 21.1.2 | Android SDK Build-Tools 21.1.2 build-tools;22.0.1 | 22.0.1 | Android SDK Build-Tools 22.0.1 build-tools;23.0.1 | 23.0.1 | Android SDK Build-Tools 23.0.1 build-tools;23.0.2 | 23.0.2 | Android SDK Build-Tools 23.0.2 build-tools;23.0.3 | 23.0.3 | Android SDK Build-Tools 23.0.3 build-tools;24.0.0 | 24.0.0 | Android SDK Build-Tools 24 build-tools;24.0.1 | 24.0.1 | Android SDK Build-Tools 24.0.1 build-tools;24.0.2 | 24.0.2 | Android SDK Build-Tools 24.0.2 build-tools;24.0.3 | 24.0.3 | Android SDK Build-Tools 24.0.3 build-tools;25.0.0 | 25.0.0 | Android SDK Build-Tools 25 build-tools;25.0.1 | 25.0.1 | Android SDK Build-Tools 25.0.1 build-tools;25.0.2 | 25.0.2 | Android SDK Build-Tools 25.0.2 build-tools;25.0.3 | 25.0.3 | Android SDK Build-Tools 25.0.3 build-tools;26.0.0 | 26.0.0 | Android SDK Build-Tools 26 cmake;3.6.4111459 | 3.6.4111459 | CMake 3.6.4111459 docs | 1 | Documentation for Android SDK emulator | 26.1.2 | Android Emulator extras;android;gapid;1 | 1.0.3 | GPU Debugging tools extras;android;gapid;3 | 3.1.0 | GPU Debugging tools extras;android;m2repository | 47.0.0 | Android Support Repository extras;google;auto | 1.1 | Android Auto Desktop Head Unit... extras;google;g...e_play_services | 42 | Google Play services extras;google;instantapps | 1.0.0 | Instant Apps Development SDK extras;google;m2repository | 55 | Google Repository extras;google;m...t_apk_expansion | 1 | Google Play APK Expansion library extras;google;market_licensing | 1 | Google Play Licensing Library extras;google;play_billing | 5 | Google Play Billing Library extras;google;simulators | 1 | Android Auto API Simulators extras;google;webdriver | 2 | Google Web Driver extras;m2reposi...ut-solver;1.0.0 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.0.0 extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha2 | 1 | com.android.support.constraint... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha3 | 1 | com.android.support.constraint... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha4 | 1 | com.android.support.constraint... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha5 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha6 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha7 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha8 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...er;1.0.0-alpha9 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...ver;1.0.0-beta1 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...ver;1.0.0-beta2 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...ver;1.0.0-beta3 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...ver;1.0.0-beta4 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...ver;1.0.0-beta5 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.... extras;m2reposi...ut-solver;1.0.1 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.0.1 extras;m2reposi...ut-solver;1.0.2 | 1 | Solver for ConstraintLayout 1.0.2 extras;m2reposi...nt-layout;1.0.0 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha2 | 1 | com.android.support.constraint... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha3 | 1 | com.android.support.constraint... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha4 | 1 | com.android.support.constraint... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha5 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha6 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha7 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha8 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...ut;1.0.0-alpha9 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...out;1.0.0-beta1 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...out;1.0.0-beta2 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...out;1.0.0-beta3 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...out;1.0.0-beta4 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...out;1.0.0-beta5 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...nt-layout;1.0.1 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... extras;m2reposi...nt-layout;1.0.2 | 1 | ConstraintLayout for Android 1... lldb;2.0 | 2.0.2558144 | LLDB 2.0 lldb;2.1 | 2.1.2852477 | LLDB 2.1 lldb;2.2 | 2.2.3271982 | LLDB 2.2 lldb;2.3 | 2.3.3614996 | LLDB 2.3 ndk-bundle | 15.1.4119039 | NDK patcher;v4 | 1 | SDK Patch Applier v4 platform-tools | 26.0.0 | Android SDK Platform-Tools platforms;android-10 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 10 platforms;android-11 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 11 platforms;android-12 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 12 platforms;android-13 | 1 | Android SDK Platform 13 platforms;android-14 | 4 | Android SDK Platform 14 platforms;android-15 | 5 | Android SDK Platform 15 platforms;android-16 | 5 | Android SDK Platform 16 platforms;android-17 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 17 platforms;android-18 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 18 platforms;android-19 | 4 | Android SDK Platform 19 platforms;android-20 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 20 platforms;android-21 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 21 platforms;android-22 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 22 platforms;android-23 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 23 platforms;android-24 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 24 platforms;android-25 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 25 platforms;android-26 | 1 | Android SDK Platform 26 platforms;android-7 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 7 platforms;android-8 | 3 | Android SDK Platform 8 platforms;android-9 | 2 | Android SDK Platform 9 sources;android-15 | 2 | Sources for Android 15 sources;android-16 | 2 | Sources for Android 16 sources;android-17 | 1 | Sources for Android 17 sources;android-18 | 1 | Sources for Android 18 sources;android-19 | 2 | Sources for Android 19 sources;android-20 | 1 | Sources for Android 20 sources;android-21 | 1 | Sources for Android 21 sources;android-22 | 1 | Sources for Android 22 sources;android-23 | 1 | Sources for Android 23 sources;android-24 | 1 | Sources for Android 24 sources;android-25 | 1 | Sources for Android 25 system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 4 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...-10;default;x86 | 4 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 5 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 5 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 2 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 4 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...15;default;mips | 1 | MIPS System Image system-images;a...-15;default;x86 | 4 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 5 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 5 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 4 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...16;default;mips | 1 | MIPS System Image system-images;a...-16;default;x86 | 5 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 5 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 5 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 5 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...17;default;mips | 1 | MIPS System Image system-images;a...-17;default;x86 | 3 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 5 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 5 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 4 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...-18;default;x86 | 3 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 5 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 5 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 5 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...-19;default;x86 | 5 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 28 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 28 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...-tv;armeabi-v7a | 3 | Android TV ARM EABI v7a System... system-images;a...;android-tv;x86 | 3 | Android TV Intel x86 Atom Syst... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 4 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...-21;default;x86 | 4 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...;default;x86_64 | 4 | Intel x86 Atom_64 System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 20 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 20 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...gle_apis;x86_64 | 20 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom_64 ... system-images;a...-tv;armeabi-v7a | 1 | Android TV ARM EABI v7a System... system-images;a...;android-tv;x86 | 3 | Android TV Intel x86 Atom Syst... system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 2 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...-22;default;x86 | 5 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...;default;x86_64 | 5 | Intel x86 Atom_64 System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 14 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 14 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...gle_apis;x86_64 | 14 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom_64 ... system-images;a...-tv;armeabi-v7a | 10 | Android TV ARM EABI v7a System... system-images;a...;android-tv;x86 | 10 | Android TV Intel x86 Atom Syst... system-images;a...ear;armeabi-v7a | 6 | Android Wear ARM EABI v7a Syst... system-images;a...ndroid-wear;x86 | 6 | Android Wear Intel x86 Atom Sy... system-images;a...-23;default;x86 | 9 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...;default;x86_64 | 9 | Intel x86 Atom_64 System Image system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 21 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 21 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...gle_apis;x86_64 | 21 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom_64 ... system-images;a...;android-tv;x86 | 11 | Android TV Intel x86 Atom Syst... system-images;a...fault;arm64-v8a | 7 | ARM 64 v8a System Image system-images;a...ult;armeabi-v7a | 7 | ARM EABI v7a System Image system-images;a...-24;default;x86 | 7 | Intel x86 Atom System Image system-images;a...;default;x86_64 | 7 | Intel x86 Atom_64 System Image system-images;a..._apis;arm64-v8a | 14 | Google APIs ARM 64 v8a System ... system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 14 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 14 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...gle_apis;x86_64 | 14 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom_64 ... system-images;a...s_playstore;x86 | 13 | Google Play Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...;android-tv;x86 | 5 | Android TV Intel x86 Atom Syst... system-images;a...ear;armeabi-v7a | 3 | Android Wear ARM EABI v7a Syst... system-images;a...ndroid-wear;x86 | 3 | Android Wear Intel x86 Atom Sy... system-images;a..._apis;arm64-v8a | 6 | Google APIs ARM 64 v8a System ... system-images;a...pis;armeabi-v7a | 6 | Google APIs ARM EABI v7a Syste... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 6 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...gle_apis;x86_64 | 6 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom_64 ... system-images;a...;android-tv;x86 | 3 | Android TV Intel x86 Atom Syst... system-images;a...ndroid-wear;x86 | 1 | Android Wear Intel x86 Atom Sy... system-images;a...google_apis;x86 | 4 | Google APIs Intel x86 Atom Sys... system-images;a...s_playstore;x86 | 4 | Google Play Intel x86 Atom Sys... tools | 26.0.2 | Android SDK Tools Available Updates: ID | Installed | Available ------- | ------- | ------- tools | 26.0.1 | 26.0.2
4、安装需要的package，执行以下命令
sdkmanager "build-tools;19.1.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;20.0.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;21.1.2"
sdkmanager "build-tools;22.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;23.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;23.0.3"
sdkmanager "build-tools;24.0.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;24.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;24.0.2"
sdkmanager "build-tools;24.0.3"
sdkmanager "build-tools;25.0.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;25.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;25.0.2"
sdkmanager "build-tools;25.0.3"
sdkmanager "build-tools;26.0.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;26.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;26.0.2"
sdkmanager "build-tools;26.0.3"
sdkmanager "build-tools;27.0.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;27.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;27.0.2"
sdkmanager "build-tools;27.0.3"
sdkmanager "build-tools;28.0.0"
sdkmanager "build-tools;28.0.1"
sdkmanager "build-tools;28.0.2"
sdkmanager "build-tools;28.0.3"
sdkmanager "platform-tools"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-10"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-11"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-12"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-13"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-14"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-15"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-16"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-17"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-18"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-19"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-20"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-21"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-22"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-23"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-24"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-25"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-26"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-27"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-28"
可以先执行1行命令看一下是不是能正常运行
我执行了1个命令，出现了一个警告：Warning: File /root/.android/repositories.cfg could not be loaded. 
说是是在目录 /root/.android/ 下没有找到文件repositories.cfg
解决办法：
使用touch命令在根目录下新建1一个repositories.cfg文件就可以了
touch ~/.android/repositories.cfg
然后执行sdkmanager xxxx就没问题了。
执行完的效果：
在android-home目录下多了4个文件夹
5、配置platform tools
打开 /etc/profile 添加环境变量
执行以下命令，使配置文件生效
source /etc/profile
验证配置结
三、安装nodejs:
安装版本：8.7.0
1、从源码下载Nodejs
cd /usr/local/src wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v8.7.0/node-v8.7.0.tar.gz
2、解压缩 nodejs 安装包
tar xvf node-v8.7.0.tar.gz
3、进入解压的node文件夹，安装必要的编译软件包
cd node-v8.7.0
./configure
如提示gcc too old （英文那一大串我忘记了），大概意思让你升级ggc到4.90以上版本，因为nodejs8.7.0编译时gcc版本要求在4.9.4+。
升级gcc参考我另一篇Centos7升级gcc版本方法之一使用scl软件集
再次执行
./configure make
注：make过程较为耗时，可能需要30分钟以上
4、安装Nodejs
sudo make install
5、验证是否正确安装
node -v
四、安装appium：
方法一：
1、源码安装：
git clone https://github.com/appium/appium.git
2、进入appium源码文件夹，使用cnpm install安装依赖
cnpm install
如在安装期间执行到这卡住了，一直不走，
Downloading Selendroid standalone server version 0.17.0 from http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/selendroid/selendroid-standalone/0.17.0/selendroid-standalone-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar --> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/_appium-selendroid-driver@1.6.4@appium-selendroid-driver/selendroid/download/selendroid-server-7cf7163ac47f1c46eff95b62f78b58c1dabdec534acc6632da3784739f6e9d82.jar
自行到maven仓库下载 上传到对应目录下， 重命名为存放的文件名即可
3、最后用appium -v试一下安装好的版本
方法二：
1. 安装 cnpm
官网说用npm安装appium，我试了很久都不成功。因此先安装 cnpm, 再用 cnpm 安装appium等。
npm 与 cnpm 的关系，详见博客 https://blog.csdn.net/shelly1072/article/details/51524029
npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
2. 安装 appium/appium-doctor
cnpm install -g appium
cnpm install -g appium-doctor
目前发现版本1.9.0有问题，可安装1.8.1:
cnpm install -g appium@1.8.1
设置 appium/appium-doctor 的软连接方式，方式同 1-2
3. 启动 appium
终端输入：appium 即可
4. 启动 appium-doctor
终端输入：appium 即可
appium-doctor 检查环境是否满足要求
五、appium desktop 安装：
官网上下载对应版本 https://github.com/appium/appium-desktop/releases
linux 下载 appium-desktop-1.8.2-x86_64.AppImage
设置 appium/appium-doctor 的软连接方式，方式同 1-2 （或者export 文件对应的路径，alias 等）
终端输入 appium-desktop 启动 appium，start server
点击此处可启动 appium inspector，可支持 IOS/Android 定位元素
六、客户端部署（以Java为例）
1、pom添加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>io.appium</groupId> <artifactId>java-client</artifactId> <version>5.0.0-BETA9</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
2、代码实例
package com.demo.test; import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities; import java.net.URL; /*** * @author longrong.lang * appium demo */ public class CalculatorTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "GALAXY S7");//deviceID capabilities.setCapability("automationName", "Appium"); capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Android");//操作系统 capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "8.0.0");//系统版本 capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "cn.pear.browser");//应用包名 capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", "cn.pear.browser.activities.WelcomeActivity");//启动页面 AndroidDriver driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL("http://172.25.40.208:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);//appium服务端连接 Thread.sleep(200000); driver.quit(); } }