Django-路由(反向解析,名称空间)

 反向解析

#没有正则表达式的url

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
#定义一个路由，并且给路由起名为login
    path('login/',views.login,name='login')
]

#在模板中使用,这样就可以反向解析出login的url，跟换url都不在需要重新写模板
<form method="post" action="{% url 'login'%}">

    <input type="text" name="name">
    <input type="password" name="pwd">
    <input type="submit">
</form>

#有正则表达是的url


from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
#定义一个url，并起名为login
    re_path(r'^login/([0-9]{4})/$',views.login,name='login')
]


#定义一个login 函数

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
#在python代码中反向解析url 需要导入reverse
from django.urls import reverse


def login(request):
    #在url中含有正则表达式时，我们需要自行传入参数，并且传入的参数必须符合正则表达式，元组形式，后面必须加逗号
    url =reverse('login',args=(2008,))
    print(url)
    if request.method =='GET':
        return render(request,'login.html',{'url':url})
    else:
        name =request.POST.get('name')
        pwd =request.POST.get('pwd')
        if name =='xxx' and pwd=='123':
            return HttpResponse('400')
        else:
            return  HttpResponse('404')

 名称空间的问题

#url的名称空间
#我们建立了app01 app02 两个应用

# ------------------------app01路由--------------------

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
#给index取名为 i    
    path('index/',views.index,name='i'),
]    


# ------------------------app01视图--------------------
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.urls import path,reverse
def index(request):
    return  HttpResponse(reverse('i'))





# ------------------------app02路由--------------------
from django.urls import path,include
from app02 import views

urlpatterns = [
#app02 index同样起名i
    path('index/',views.index,name='i')
]

# ------------------------app02视图--------------------
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.urls import path,reverse

# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    return HttpResponse(reverse('i'))

# ------------------------全局url--------------------


from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('app01/',include('app01.urls')),
    path('app02/',include('app02.urls'))
]

我们分别访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/app01/index/ 发现获取的反向地址都是相同的。

修改：

#首先修改全局，建立空间名称

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
#建立app01，app02两个名称空间    
    path('app01/',include(('app01.urls','app01'))),
    path('app02/',include(('app02.urls','app02')))
]



#之后在app01中应用
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.urls import path,reverse
def index(request):
    return  HttpResponse(reverse('app01:i'))

#在app02中应用

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.urls import path,reverse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse(reverse('app02:i'))

这样修改之后，就可以正常解析出正确的地址