WCF小实例以及三种宿主

最近一直在学习WCF相关知识，下面将通过一个小实例对所学的知识进行简单的回顾；本实例是一个简单三层操作数据库，并且也简单实现的三种宿主（控制台宿主，IIS宿主以及Windows服务宿主）的练习；还包含一个双工的功能，下图为程序所创建分层结构图；

首先了解为这个实例所创建的两张简单表；

USE [TestDb] GO /****** 对象: Table [dbo].[T_Account] 脚本日期: 07/31/2013 23:09:27 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[T_Account]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Uid] [int] NULL, [Money] [int] NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_T_Account] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ID] ASC )WITH (IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] GO USE [TestDb] GO /****** 对象: Table [dbo].[T_User] 脚本日期: 07/31/2013 23:10:00 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[T_User]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Name] [nvarchar](50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, [PassWord] [nvarchar](50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ) ON [PRIMARY]

接下来简单了解每一层的作用以及一些注意事项；源代码后面直接提供下载；

1：Service.DAL 是针对数据库操作的一些类；

2：Service.DbHelp 为数据库操作提供助手

3：Service.HostTest 为服务提供自宿主的测试；一般在编码时会用到；此层还用到批量寄存的知识；

4：Service.Interface 为契约层，定义的相关开放接口；

5：Service.Model为实体层也是数据契约层；

6：Service.ServerDemo 为实现契约的服务内容；若有逻辑都放在这一层；

7：WcfServiceForIIs 为宿主在IIS内容；

8：WebClient 为客户端为Web形式

9：Windows_HostService为宿主要Windows服务里的内容；

10：WindowsClient、WindowsFormsForHostService、WindowsFormsForIIS分别是对三种寄存宿主进行测试的客户端；

一：注意点批量寄存宿主；把重点的一些配置一及实现代码贴出；

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="artech.batchingHosting"
             type="Service.HostTest.Configuration.BatchingHostingSettings, Service.HostTest"/>
  </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="ConnectionString" value="server=.;database=TestDb;uid=sa;pwd=admin"/>
  </appSettings>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="portSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true"></binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="UsermetadataBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpGetUrl="http://127.0.0.1:3721/UserService/metadata"/>
        </behavior>
        <behavior name="AccountmetadataBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpGetUrl="http://127.0.0.1:3721/AccountService/metadata"/>
        </behavior>
        <behavior name="ExcptDivedeBehavior">
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServerDeom.UserService" behaviorConfiguration="UsermetadataBehavior">
        <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:3721/UserService"
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  contract="Service.Interface.IUser"/>
      </service>
      <service name="Service.ServerDeom.AccountService" behaviorConfiguration="AccountmetadataBehavior">
        <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:3721/AccountService"
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  contract="Service.Interface.IAccount"/>
      </service>
      <service name="Service.ServerDeom.DuplexTestService">
        <endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3722/DuplexTestService"
                 binding="netTcpBinding"
                 contract="Service.Interface.IDuplexTest" bindingConfiguration="portSharingBinding"/>
      </service>
      <service name="Service.ServerDeom.ExcptDivideService" behaviorConfiguration="ExcptDivedeBehavior">
        <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:3723/ExcptDivideService"
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  contract="Service.Interface.IExcptDivide"/>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <artech.batchingHosting>
    <add type="Service.ServerDeom.UserService, Service.ServerDeom"/>
    <add type="Service.ServerDeom.AccountService, Service.ServerDeom"/>
    <add type="Service.ServerDeom.DuplexTestService, Service.ServerDeom"/>
    <add type="Service.ServerDeom.ExcptDivideService, Service.ServerDeom"/>
  </artech.batchingHosting>
</configuration>

using System.ServiceModel;
using Service.ServerDeom;
using Service.Interface;
namespace Service.HostTest
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ServiceHostCollection hosts = new ServiceHostCollection())
            {
                foreach (ServiceHost host in hosts)
                {
                    host.Opened += (sender, arg) => Console.WriteLine("服务{0}开始监听", (sender as ServiceHost).Description.ServiceType);
                }
                hosts.Open();
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
}

二：宿主要IIS里的注意内容；

新建一个文本文件然后把它的后缀修改成.svc；并在其头部增加一行调用服务的代码；

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Service.ServerDeom.UserService" %>

其配置如下：

<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="ConnectionString" value="server=.;database=TestDb;uid=sa;pwd=admin"/>
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <!-- 为避免泄漏元数据信息，请在部署前将以下值设置为 false 并删除上面的元数据终结点 -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- 要接收故障异常详细信息以进行调试，请将以下值设置为 true。在部署前设置为 false 以避免泄漏异常信息 -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServerDeom.UserService">
        <endpoint binding="ws2007HttpBinding"
                  contract="Service.Interface.IUser"/>
      </service>
    </services>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
 <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
  </system.webServer>
  
</configuration>

把I宿主部署到IIS里；

三：宿主在Windows服务；创建一个Windows服务类库，增加相应的配置以及代码；

<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="ConnectionString" value="server=.;database=TestDb;uid=sa;pwd=admin"/>
  </appSettings>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="portSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true"></binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="UsermetadataBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpGetUrl="http://127.0.0.1:3718/UserService/metadata"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServerDeom.UserService" behaviorConfiguration="UsermetadataBehavior">
        <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:3718/UserService"
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  contract="Service.Interface.IUser"/>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

using System.ServiceModel;
using Service.ServerDeom;
using Service.Interface;
namespace Windows_HostService
{
    public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
    {
        private ServiceHost serviceHost = null; //寄宿服务对象
        public Service1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(UserService));
                if (serviceHost.State != CommunicationState.Opened)
                {
                    serviceHost.Open();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
            }
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
        }
    }
}

然后安装服务文件的一些属性进行设置，比如服务自动重启，服务名称等；另一些图是对服务进行安装；

若服务安装成功后会在服务里可以看到如下：

客户端调用服务的代码大家就直接看源代码，由于本人也是刚开始学习WCF，实例内容为本人学习所做，若有不足或错误欢迎指正；[源代码下载]

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