prometheus的插件blackbox_exporter实现黑盒监控http,https,tcp,dns以及ICMP协议进行探测

环境：centos7、prometheus2.24、grafana

1、下载插件blackbox_exporter  https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases

wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.0/blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2、安装blackbox_exporter

#解压
tar -zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
#移动文件
mv blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64/  /usr/local/blackbox_exporter
#创建system服务
vim /lib/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service

[Unit]
Description=blackbox_exporter
After=network.target

[Service]
User=root
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter --config.file=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

#重载并启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start blackbox_exporter  && systemctl enable blackbox_exporter 

3、验证服务

默认监听端口为9115
systemctl status blackbox_exporter
ss -lnt|grep 9115

4、prometheus.yml中加入blackbox_exporter

监控主机存活状态
$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml

  - job_name: 'node_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['127.0.0.1']
        labels:
          instance: 'node_status'
          group: 'node'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115


监控主机端口存活状态
$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml

  - job_name: 'port_status'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['127.0.0.1:9100','127.0.0.1:9090']
        labels:
          instance: 'port_status'
          group: 'tcp'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115


监控网站状态
$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml

  - job_name: web_status
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['https://www.baidu.com']
        labels:
          instance: web_status
          group: web
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115


检查配置文件是否书写正确
$ cd /usr/local/prometheus
$ ./promtool check config prometheus.yml


重新加载prometheus的配置
$ systemctl reload prometheus

5、grafana官网下载web的dashboard模板导入查看结果

模板下载：https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/9965

模板中的饼状图插件下载：https://grafana.com/grafana/plugins/grafana-piechart-panel