首先新建一个BBSProject项目,在建一个app,把app导入到项目中。
在项目BBSProject中的settings.py中,
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app01',#导入app01 ]
url设置,在BBSProject的urls里导入app01中的views,
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views#导入app01中的views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^$', views.index),#设置默认首页访问页面 ]
在访问index的时候返回的结果是,在app01中的views中设置的index函数。
#_*_coding:utf-8_*_ from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse # Create your views here. def index(request): return HttpResponse(u"欢迎访问吴老二博客")
测试简单页面
在做一个bbs之前首先要考虑的是数据库的框架,在一个bbs中需要的内容,还有就是数据库之间的的联用一定要清晰。
注:一个bbs首先要有用户,要有内容,不同的板块,还要有评论,点赞还有就是用户组。

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_ from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User '''用户组表,用户组名称不能相同,长度为64,返回用户组名 ''' class UserGroup(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True) def __unicode__(self): return self.name '''用户信息表,包括用户名,用户组, ''' class UserProfile(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField(User) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) groups = models.ManyToManyField(UserGroup) def __unicode__(self): return self.name ''' 帖子板块,长度.板块不能重复.用户权限 ''' class Category(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True) admin = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile) def __unicode__(self): return self.name '''帖子数据库表,标题,需要设置标题长度,标题不能重复.帖子隶属于板块,帖子插入的图片存储位置,内容以及优先级,帖子内容长度,帖子发布者需要联用用户列表, 如果用户列表在帖子列表下面需要加双引号. ''' class Article(models.Model): title = models.CharField(u"文章标题",max_length=255,unique=True) categroy = models.ForeignKey(Category,verbose_name=u"板块") head_img = models.ImageField(upload_to="uploads") summary = models.CharField(max_length=255) content = models.TextField(u"内容") author = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile) publish_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) hidden = models.BooleanField(default=True) priority = models.IntegerField(u"优先级",default=1000) def __unicode__(self): return "<%s, author:%s>" %(self.title,self.author) ''' 评论数据库表,评论的帖子需要联用帖子列表,评论者需要调用用户表,评论内容 ''' class Comment(models.Model): article = models.ForeignKey(Article) user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile) parent_comment = models.ForeignKey('self',related_name='p_comment',blank=True,null=True) comment = models.TextField(max_length=1000) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) def __unicode__(self): return "<%s, user:%s>" %(self.comment,self.user) '''点赞表点赞时间,点赞的帖子,和点赞者''' class ThumbUp(models.Model): article = models.ForeignKey(Article) user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) def __unicode__(self): return "<user:%s>" %(self.user)
建好数据库需要同步一下:
python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate
开始写页面返回views

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_ from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponseRedirect import models from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout from forms import ArticleForm,handle_uploaded_file # Create your views here. def index(request): '''首页''' articles = models.Article.objects.all() return render(request,'index.html',{'articles': articles}) def category(request,category_id): '''二级分类''' articles = models.Article.objects.filter(categroy_id=category_id) return render(request,'index.html',{'articles': articles}) def article_detail(request,article_id): '''帖子内容''' try: article_obj = models.Article.objects.get(id=article_id) except ObjectDoesNotExist as e: return render(request,'404.html',{'err_msg':u"文章不存在!"}) return render(request,'article.html', {'article_obj':article_obj}) def acc_logout(request): '''退出登陆''' logout(request) return HttpResponseRedirect('/') def acc_login(request): '''登陆''' print(request.POST) err_msg ='' if request.method == "POST": print('user authention...') username = request.POST.get('username') password = request.POST.get('password') user = authenticate(username=username,password=password) if user is not None: login(request,user) return HttpResponseRedirect('/') else: err_msg = "Wrong username or password!" return render(request,'login.html',{'err_msg':err_msg}) def new_article(request): '''最新帖子''' if request.method == 'POST': print(request.POST) form = ArticleForm(request.POST,request.FILES) if form.is_valid(): print("--form data:",form.cleaned_data) form_data = form.cleaned_data form_data['author_id'] = request.user.userprofile.id new_img_path = handle_uploaded_file(request,request.FILES['head_img']) form_data['head_img'] = new_img_path new_article_obj = models.Article(**form_data) new_article_obj.save() return render(request,'new_article.html',{'new_article_obj':new_article_obj}) else: print('err:',form.errors) category_list = models.Category.objects.all() return render(request,'new_article.html', {'categroy_list':category_list})
路径urls
#_*_coding:utf-8_*_ from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^$',views.index, name="index" ), url(r'^category/(d+)/$',views.category,name="category" ), url(r'^article/(d+)/$',views.article_detail,name="article_detail"), url(r'^article/new/$',views.new_article,name="new_article"), url(r'account/logout/',views.acc_logout,name='logout'), url(r'account/login/',views.acc_login,name='login'), ]
可以登陆管理员后台建立板块和用户,发布帖子,帖子存放路径需要新建一个forms在app01里。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from django import forms import os class ArticleForm(forms.Form): '''帖子路径包括标题,内容作者,图片''' title = forms.CharField(max_length=255,min_length=5) summary = forms.CharField(max_length=255,min_length=5) categroy_id = forms.IntegerField() head_img = forms.ImageField() content = forms.CharField(min_length=10) def handle_uploaded_file(request,f): '''帖子图片存储路径''' base_img_upload_path = 'statics/imgs' user_path = "%s/%s" %(base_img_upload_path,request.user.userprofile.id) if not os.path.exists(user_path): os.mkdir(user_path) with open("%s/%s" %(user_path,f.name), 'wb+') as destination: for chunk in f.chunks(): destination.write(chunk) return "/static/imgs/%s/%s" %(request.user.userprofile.id,f.name)
关于帖子的评论需要考虑级别,在app01里新建一个tree_search_test评论函数。

#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- '''评论''' data = [ (None,'A'), ('A','A1'), ('A','A1-1'), ('A1','A2'), ('A1-1','A2-3'), ('A2-3','A3-4'), ('A1','A2-2'), ('A2','A3'), ('A2-2','A3-3'), ('A3','A4'), (None,'B'), ('B','B1'), ('B1','B2'), ('B1','B2-2'), ('B2','B3'), (None,'C'), ('C','C1'), ] def tree_search(d_dic,parent,son): for k,v_dic in d_dic.items(): if k == parent: #find your parent d_dic[k][son] = {} print("find parent of :", son) return else: # might in the deeper layer print("going to furhter layer...") tree_search(d_dic[k],parent,son) data_dic = {} for item in data: parent,son = item if parent is None:# has no parent data_dic[son] ={} else: # looking for its parent tree_search(data_dic,parent,son) for k,v in data_dic.items(): print(k,v ) ''' data_dic = { 'A': { 'A1': { 'A2':{ 'A3':{ 'A4':{} } }, 'A2-2':{ 'A3-3':{} } } }, 'B':{ 'B1':{ 'B2':{ 'B3':{} }, 'B2-2':{} } }, 'C':{ 'C1':{} } }'''
一下是前台页面的处理,首先要设置语言和路径,在settings里设置。
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = True # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/' STATIC_URL = '/static/' STATICFILES_DIRS = ( "%s/%s" %(BASE_DIR, "statics"), # "%s/%s" %(BASE_DIR, ""), #static/uploads/uploads/ )
html文件可以在下面下载。
index的导航部分
<div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li ><a href="{% url 'index' %}">综合区</a></li> <li><a href="{% url 'category' 1 %}">欧美专区</a></li> <li><a href="{% url 'category' 2 %}">日韩专区</a></li> <li><a href="{% url 'category' 3 %}">河北专区</a></li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> {% if request.user.is_authenticated %} <li class="dropdown"> <a href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/navbar-fixed-top/#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">{{ request.user.userprofile.name }} <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="{% url 'new_article' %}">发贴</a></li> <li><a href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/navbar-fixed-top/#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/navbar-fixed-top/#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li class="dropdown-header">Nav header</li> <li><a href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/navbar-fixed-top/#">Separated link</a></li> <li><a href="{% url 'logout' %}">注销</a></li> </ul> </li> {% else %} <li><a href="{% url 'login'%}">注册登录</a></li> {% endif %} </ul> </div>
导航下分帖子展示和其他板块
<div class="container"> {% block page-container %} <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 left-content-panel"> <div class="content-box"> {% for article in articles reversed %} <div class="article-box row"> <div class="article-head-img col-md-3"> <img src="{{ article.head_img }}"> </div> <div class="article-summary col-md-8"> <h4><a href="{% url 'article_detail' article.id %}">{{ article.title }}</a></h4> <div class="article-attr"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li>{{ article.author.name }}</li> <li>{{ article.publish_date }}</li> <li>thumbup:{{ article.thumbup_set.select_related.count }}</li> <li>comments:{{ article.comment_set.select_related.count }}</li> </ul> </div> <p>{{ article.summary }}</p> </div> </div> <hr > {% endfor %} </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 right-sidebar"> bar </div> </div> {% endblock %} </div>
js的调用
<script src="/static/bootstrap/js/jquery-2.1.4.js"></script> <script src="/static/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug --> <script src="/static/bootstrap/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(){ var menus = $("#navbar a[href='{{ request.path }}']")[0]; $(menus).parent().addClass("active"); $(menus).parent().siblings().removeClass("active"); //console.log(menus); }); </script> {% block bottom-js %} {% endblock %}
登陆页面
{% extends 'index.html' %} {% block page-container %} <div class="col-md-4"> <form class="form-signin" action="{% url 'login' %}" method="post">{% csrf_token %} <h2 class="form-signin-heading">Please sign in</h2> <label for="inputEmail" class="sr-only">用户名</label> <input type="text" id="" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="username" required="" autofocus=""> <label for="inputPassword" class="sr-only">Password</label> <input type="password" name="password" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required=""> <div class="checkbox"> <label> <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> Remember me </label> </div> <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button> <p style="color:red;">{{ err_msg }}</p> </form> </div> {% endblock %}
最新帖子
{% extends 'index.html' %} {% block head-js %} <script src="/static/plugins/ckeditor/ckeditor.js"></script> {% endblock %} {% block page-container %} <div class="new-article"> {% if new_article_obj %} <h3>文章<{{ new_article_obj.title }}>已发布,<a href="{% url 'article_detail' new_article_obj.id %}"> 点我查看</a></h3> {% else %} <form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="{% url 'new_article' %}">{% csrf_token %} <input name="title" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="文章标题"> <select name="categroy_id" class="form-control"> {% for category in categroy_list %} <option value="{{ category.id }}">{{ category.name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> <input name="summary" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="一句话文章中心思想..."> <input type="file" name="head_img">必选文章标题图片 <textarea id="ck-editor" name="content" class="form-control" rows="3"></textarea> <br/> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right">发贴</button> </form> {% endif %} </div> {% endblock %} {% block bottom-js %} <script> CKEDITOR.replace( 'ck-editor' ); CKEDITOR.editorConfig = function( config ) { //config.language = 'es'; config.uiColor = '#F7B42C'; config.height = 500; config.toolbarCanCollapse = true; }; </script> {% endblock %}
所有帖子
{% extends 'index.html' %} {% load custom_tags %} {% block page-container %} <div class="article-detail"> <h4>{{ article_obj.title }}</h4> <p>{{ article_obj.content|safe }}</p> <hr/> {% build_comment_tree article_obj.comment_set.select_related %} </div> {% endblock %}
报错404
{% extends 'index.html' %} {% block page-container %} <h1 style="font-size: 200px">404</h1> <h3>{{ err_msg }}</h3> {% endblock %}
以上是一个简单的bbs的搭建和制作,参考文件
webqq聊天室
webqq聊天室就给予上面的bbs制作吧,首先是数据库
在app01的数据库的用户信息表中新建朋友表。
class UserProfile(models.Model): ''' 用户信息表,包括用户名,用户组, ''' user = models.OneToOneField(User) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) groups = models.ManyToManyField('UserGroup') friends = models.ManyToManyField('self', related_name='my_friends')#新加的朋友表 def __unicode__(self): return self.name
新建一个webqq项目,数据库中新建聊天组。
from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.db import models from app01.models import UserProfile # Create your models here. class QQGroup(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True) description = models.CharField(max_length=255,default="nothing...") members = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile,blank=True) admins = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile,related_name='group_admins') max_member_nums = models.IntegerField(default=200) def __unicode__(self): return self.name
聊天组的views

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_ from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse from webqq import models import json,Queue,time from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required#登录判断 # Create your views here. GLOBAL_MQ = {} @login_required def dashboard(request): return render(request,'webqq/dashboard.html') '''聊天页面函数返回聊天页面 ''' @login_required def contacts(request): contact_dic = { #'contact_list': [], #'group_list': [], } contacts = request.user.userprofile.friends.select_related().values('id','name') contact_dic['contact_list']= list(contacts) groups = request.user.userprofile.qqgroup_set.select_related().values("id",'name','max_member_nums') contact_dic['group_list'] = list(groups) print(contact_dic) return HttpResponse(json.dumps(contact_dic)) '''好有聊天,以及群组聊天 ''' @login_required def new_msg(request): if request.method == 'POST': print('-->',request.POST.get('data')) data = json.loads(request.POST.get('data')) send_to = data['to'] msg_from = data["from"] contact_type = data['contact_type'] data['timestamp'] = time.time() if contact_type == 'group_contact': group_obj = models.QQGroup.objects.get(id=send_to) for member in group_obj.members.select_related(): if str(member.id) not in GLOBAL_MQ: GLOBAL_MQ[str(member.id)] = Queue.Queue() if str(member.id) != msg_from: GLOBAL_MQ[str(member.id)].put(data) else: if send_to not in GLOBAL_MQ: GLOBAL_MQ[send_to] = Queue.Queue() GLOBAL_MQ[send_to].put(data) return HttpResponse(GLOBAL_MQ[send_to].qsize()) else:#recv msgs request_user = str(request.user.userprofile.id) msg_lists = [] print(GLOBAL_MQ,request_user) if request_user in GLOBAL_MQ: print("hehe") stored_msg_nums = GLOBAL_MQ[request_user].qsize() if stored_msg_nums ==0: #no new msgs try: print("