QT中使用线程可以提高工作效率。
要使用线程要经过一下四个步骤:
(1)先创建一个c++ class文件,记得继承Thread,创建步骤如下:
a、第一步
b、第二步
(2)自定义一个run函数,以后启动线程的时候,程序就会跳转到run函数中
void run();
(3)初始化线程
HDThread mythread = new HDThread();
(4)启动线程
mythread->start();
下面来看看线程使用的具体列子:
线程头文件hdthread.h:
1 #ifndef HDTHREAD_H 2 #define HDTHREAD_H 3 #include <QThread> 4 #include <QLabel> 5 #include <QMutex> 6 7 class HDTHread : public QThread 8 { 9 public: 10 HDTHread(QMutex* mtex,QObject *parent = 0); 11 void run();//自定义的run函数 12 void setLabel(QLabel *lb); 13 private: 14 QLabel *label; 15 QMutex *mutex; //互斥锁 16 }; 17 18 #endif // HDTHREAD_H
主函数的头文件threadqt.h
1 #ifndef THREADQT_H 2 #define THREADQT_H 3 4 #include <QMainWindow> 5 #include <hdthread.h> 6 #include <writefile.h> 7 #include <QMutex> 8 #include <QSemaphore> 9 10 namespace Ui { 11 class ThreadQt; 12 } 13 14 class ThreadQt : public QMainWindow 15 { 16 Q_OBJECT 17 18 public: 19 explicit ThreadQt(QWidget *parent = 0); 20 ~ThreadQt(); 21 22 //定义静态的信号类 23 static QSemaphore *sp_A; 24 static QSemaphore *sp_B; 25 private slots: 26 void on_pushButton_clicked(); 27 28 private: 29 Ui::ThreadQt *ui; 30 31 HDTHread *thread; //hdtread类,里面继承了线程 32 WriteFile *writethread; 33 QMutex mutex;//定义互斥锁类 34 35 }; 36 37 #endif // THREADQT_H
源文件hdthread.cpp:
#include "hdthread.h" #include <QDebug> #include <threadqt.h> HDTHread::HDTHread(QMutex *mtex, QObject *parent):QThread(parent)//构造函数,用来初始化 { this->mutex = mtex; } void HDTHread::setLabel(QLabel *lb) { this->label = lb; } void HDTHread::run() //启动线程时执行的函数 { while(true) { qint64 data = qrand()%1000; //取随机数 //this->mutex->lock();//上锁 ThreadQt::sp_A->acquire();//请求信号 this->label->setText(QString::number(data)); sleep(1); ThreadQt::sp_B->release();//释放信号 //this->mutex->unlock();//解锁 qDebug()<<"hello Qt"<<data; } }
源文件threadqt.cpp
#include "threadqt.h" #include "ui_threadqt.h" //初始化静态变量 QSemaphore *ThreadQt::sp_A = NULL; QSemaphore *ThreadQt::sp_B = NULL; ThreadQt::ThreadQt(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::ThreadQt) { ui->setupUi(this); //创建信号对象 sp_A = new QSemaphore(1); sp_B = new QSemaphore(0); } ThreadQt::~ThreadQt() { delete ui; } void ThreadQt::on_pushButton_clicked() { thread = new HDTHread(&mutex); //初始化线程 thread->setLabel(ui->label); thread->start();//开启线程 writethread = new WriteFile(&mutex); writethread->setLabel(ui->label); writethread->start(); }
大家也看到了,此处的线程也用到了互斥锁(信号量)保证线程读写数据时不出现错误,这里大家可以看一下具体实现的代码
this->mutex->lock();//上锁
ThreadQt::sp_A->acquire();//请求信号
this->label->setText(QString::number(data));
sleep(1);
ThreadQt::sp_B->release();//释放信号
this->mutex->unlock();//解锁