项目目录如下（IDEA社区版好像无法识别webapp目录？原因见https://www.cnblogs.com/bityinjd/p/9284378.html）：
工具： IDEA
1、首先使用maven创建最简单的maven程序，groupId为com.admin，artifactId为SpringMVC, 然后修改pom.xml,添加jar包
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 5 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 6 7 <groupId>com.admin</groupId> 8 <artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId> 9 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> 10 <packaging>war</packaging> 11 12 <properties> 13 <spring.version>4.3.0.RELEASE</spring.version> 14 </properties> 15 16 <dependencies> 17 <!--Spring框架核心库 --> 18 <dependency> 19 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 20 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> 21 <version>${spring.version}</version> 22 </dependency> 23 <!-- Spring MVC --> 24 <dependency> 25 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 26 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 27 <version>${spring.version}</version> 28 </dependency> 29 <!-- Servlet核心包 --> 30 <dependency> 31 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 32 <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> 33 <version>3.0.1</version> 34 <scope>provided</scope> 35 </dependency> 36 <!--JSP应用程序接口 --> 37 <dependency> 38 <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> 39 <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> 40 <version>2.1</version> 41 <scope>provided</scope> 42 </dependency> 43 44 45 </dependencies> 46 </project>
2、在src/main中创建webapp目录，创建index.jsp及WEB-INF目录，WEB-INF目录下创建web.xml
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>最简单的web程序-首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <!--引导页--> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
3、配置tomcat容器，（tomcat容器配置见https://www.cnblogs.com/best/p/5653916.html#_label3 ）
启动web程序， 打开浏览器，输入http://localhost:8080,即可在浏览器中看到Hello World
4、添加一个简单的页面
在src/main/java中添加包com.admin.controller，新建类TestController
package com.admin.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller @RequestMapping("") public class TestController { @RequestMapping("/test") public String test() { return "test"; } }
在src/main/resources下新建servlet解析配置文件spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描包，实现支持注解的IOC --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.admin" /> <!-- Spring MVC不处理静态资源 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <!-- 支持mvc注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven enable-matrix-variables="true" /> <!-- 配置映射媒体类型的策略 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"> <property name="removeSemicolonContent" value="false" /> </bean> <!-- 视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <!-- 后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
在/WEB-INF/views/下新建test.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>测试</h1>
</body>
</html>
在web.xml中添加对视图解析器，修改后的文件为：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--引导页--> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
5、浏览器下输入http://localhost:8080/test
即可看到test.jsp页面