搭建rsync+inotify实现实时备份

一、环境搭建说明

系统环境

　　CentOS7.5

备份节点

　　主机名：backup01

　　IP地址：172.16.2.41

数据节点

　　主机名：nfs-master

　　IP地址：172.16.2.31

二、在备份节点搭建rsync服务

Rsync服务端（即备份数据远程存储节点）
第一步：查看rsync安装包
rpm -qa rsync

第二步：添加rsync服务的用户,管理本地目录
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M rsync
id rsync

第三步:配置rsync的进程模式（vim /etc/rsyncd.conf）
uid = rsync                                  
gid = rsync                          
use chroot = no                      
max connections = 200                
timeout = 300                        
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid       
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock      
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log       
[backup]                             
path = /backup                       
ignore errors                        
read only = false                    
list = false 
fake super = yes                        
hosts allow = 172.16.2.0/24          
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32              
auth users = rsync_backup            
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password

第四步：根据rsync.conf的auth_users配置帐户,远程连接的,并根据secreets file参数生成密码文件
echo "rsync_backup:wt">>/etc/rsync.password
cat /etc/rsync.password

第五步：更改密码配置文件的权限
chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
ls -l /etc/rsync.password

第六步：创建共享的目录授权rsync服务管理
mkdir -p /backup
chown -R rsync.rsync /backup

#提示：如果没有/backup目录,就会chdir failed

第七步：启动rsync服务并检查
rsync --daemon
ps -ef|grep rsync|grep -v grep
lsof -i :873

第八步：开机自启动
echo "/usr/bin/rsync --daemon">>/etc/rc.local
tail -1 /etc/rc.local

三、在数据节点生成备份节点rsync服务的密码方便使用及安装inotify服务

1、生成密码

#数据端执行

第一步：生成连接服务器需要的密码文件
echo "wt">>/etc/rsync.password
cat /etc/rsync.password

第二步:为密码文件配置权限
chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
ls -l /etc/rsync.password

2、安装inotify服务

yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
yum install inotify-tools -y
rpm -qa inotify-tools

四、监控目录改变时执行rsync命令实时备份数据（此过程需写脚本，脚本如下）

脚本存放位置为：/server/scripts/inotify.sh，记得给脚本加上执行权限，chmod +x /server/scripts/inotify.sh

#!/bin/bash
inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M' --format '%T %e %w%f' -e create,attrib,modify,moved_to,close_write,delete,move  /backup/ |while read file
do
 cd /backup
 rsync -az ./ --delete rsync_backup@172.16.2.41::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
done

五、把监控脚本变成自定义服务并加入开机自启动

1、定义监控目录的脚本服务（即服务的start、stop、restart、status实现）

脚本存放位置为：/server/scripts/sync.sh，记得给脚本加上执行权限，chmod +x /server/scripts/sync.sh

#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 2345 38 46

. /etc/init.d/functions
if [ $# -ne 1 ]
then
 echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
 exit 1
fi
case "$1" in
start)
 if [ -e "/var/run/inotify.pid" ]
 then
    action "inotify service start fail" /bin/false
    echo "sync server is running......"
    sleep 1
    exit 1
 fi
 /bin/bash /server/scripts/inotify.sh &
 `ps -ef|grep "inotifywait"|grep -v "grep"|awk '{print $2}'` >/var/run/inotify.pid
 if [ `ps -ef|grep inotify|wc -l` -gt 2 ]
 then
    action "inotify service is started" /bin/true
 else
    action "inotify service is started" /bin/false
 fi
 ;;
stop)
 if [ `ps -ef|grep inotify|grep -v grep|wc -l` -a -e "/var/run/inotify.pid" ]
 then
    rm -f /var/run/inotify.pid >/dev/null 2>&1
    pkill inotifywait
 else
    action "inotify service stop fail" /bin/false
    echo "sync server is not running"
    sleep 1
    exit 1
 fi
 sleep 1
 if [ `ps -ef|grep inotify|grep -v grep|wc -l` -eq 0 -a ! -e "/var/run/inotify.pid" ]
 then
    action "inotify service is stoped" /bin/true
 else
    action "inotify service is stoped" /bin/false
 fi
 ;;
status)
 if [ `ps -ef|grep inotify|wc -l` -gt 2 ]
 then
    action "inotify service is running"
 else
    action "inotify service is stoped"
 fi
 ;;
*)
 echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"
 exit 1
esac

2、加入开机自启动

此脚本必须放在/usr/lib/systemd/system/下,例如/usr/lib/systemd/system/syncd.service，sysncd.service注册服务的配置如下

[Unit]
Description="这是inotify实时同步服务"
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/bin/sh /server/scripts/sync.sh start
ExecReload=/bin/sh /server/scripts/sync.sh restart
ExecStop=/bin/sh /server/scripts/sync.sh stop
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3、启动服务及加入开机自启动

systemctl start syncd
systemctl enable syncd