其实跟windows下安装过程差别不大，就是下载为了方便使用了yum的方式。安装前先确认下系统是否还安装mysql，卸载是否不完全，再去官网(http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/)选一个yum版本，这里我选了最新的mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm，通过wget下载后就可以安装mysql服务端了，然后就算完了。是不是很简单？当然为了使用方便，跟windows的一样，最好再改下初始密码。下面看下操作记录：
1、检查下是否已下载还有卸载残留
# rpm -qa | grep mysql
# find / -name mysql /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql
看来还是有的，通过rm -rf将以上目录删掉即可，另外顺便把配置文件/etc/my.cnf也删掉吧，用rm -f。
2、安装yum
# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm --2019-05-04 07:00:43-- http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.41.23.231 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.41.23.231|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 26024 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: 鈥榤ysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm鈥 100%[==============================================================================================================================>] 26,024 --.-K/s in 0.1s 2019-05-04 07:00:43 (223 KB/s) - 鈥榤ysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm鈥saved [26024/26024]
3、安装mysql
# sudo rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm warning: mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql80-community-release-el7-3 ################################# [100%] [root@VM_0_17_centos mysql]# yum install -y mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql80-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 os | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 201 kB 00:00:00 (2/7): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo | 991 kB 00:00:00 (3/7): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:00 (4/7): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 41 kB 00:00:00 (5/7): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 58 kB 00:00:00 (6/7): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 62 kB 00:00:00 (7/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 4.2 MB 00:00:00 Determining fastest mirrors Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.16-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libnuma.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package numactl-libs.x86_64 0:2.0.9-7.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be obsoleted --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 will be obsoleting ---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be updated ---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.16-1.el7 mysql80-community 3.0 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 8.0.16-1.el7 mysql80-community 2.1 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.16-1.el7 mysql80-community 403 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.16-1.el7 mysql80-community 32 M mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.16-1.el7 mysql80-community 575 k numactl-libs x86_64 2.0.9-7.el7 os 29 k Updating for dependencies: postfix x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7 os 2.4 M Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================== Install 3 Packages (+3 Dependent packages) Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package) Total download size: 443 M Downloading packages: Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY:44 ETA Public key for mysql-community-common-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/7): mysql-community-common-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 575 kB 00:00:01 (2/7): mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 3.0 MB 00:00:00 (3/7): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.1 MB 00:00:00 (4/7): numactl-libs-2.0.9-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 29 kB 00:00:00 (5/7): postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:00 (6/7): mysql-community-client-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 MB 00:00:20 (7/7): mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 403 MB 00:00:48 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 8.7 MB/s | 443 MB 00:00:50 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 1/9 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 2/9 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 3/9 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 4/9 Installing : numactl-libs-2.0.9-7.el7.x86_64 5/9 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 6/9 Updating : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 7/9 Cleanup : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 8/9 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 9/9 warning: file /usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/ukrainian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/swedish: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/spanish: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/slovak: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/serbian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/russian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/romanian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/portuguese: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/polish: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/norwegian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/korean: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/japanese: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/italian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/hungarian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/greek: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/german: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/french: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/estonian: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/english: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/dutch: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/danish: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/czech: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/share/mysql: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_clear_password.so: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/dialog.so: remove failed: No such file or directory warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0: remove failed: No such file or directory Verifying : numactl-libs-2.0.9-7.el7.x86_64 1/9 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 2/9 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 3/9 Verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 4/9 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 5/9 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 6/9 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64 7/9 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 8/9 Verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 9/9 Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.16-1.el7 numactl-libs.x86_64 0:2.0.9-7.el7 Dependency Updated: postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7 Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 Complete!
上面的安装过程有点长，可以看到它默认给我们安装了最新版本的mysql8，当然你也可以自己指定版本。另外它在安装时会去删掉原有的卸载残留，不过因为我们已经提前删掉了，所以会出现那一堆warnning提示删除卸载残留文件时没找到文件。
4、启动mysql
# service mysqld start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service # service mysqld status Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service 鈼[0m mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2019-05-04 07:10:32 CST; 15s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 11678 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 11772 (mysqld) Status: "SERVER_OPERATING" CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service 鈹斺攢11772 /usr/sbin/mysqld May 04 07:10:18 VM_0_17_centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... May 04 07:10:32 VM_0_17_centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
5、找初始密码
# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-05-03T23:10:26.160286Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: c-uo(;XAc2FD
这里的c-uo(;XAc2FD就是我的初始密码，复制它去登陆mysql。
6、登陆并修改密码
# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.16 Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root123@'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
这里说下密码规则：8位以上，大小写字母、数字和特殊字母。
7、创建个新库来用：
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create database test; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec) mysql> use test; Database changed mysql> show tables; Empty set (0.00 sec)
8、重启mysql，使用新密码登陆，开始接入应用
# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
这里我是给安装mysql的机器自己用的，所以没有开发端口给远程。需要本地远程机器的话还得再设置一下，这里就不展开了。