zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • Java RestTemplate传递参数

    最近使用Spring 的 RestTemplate 工具类请求接口的时候发现参数传递的一个坑,也就是当我们把参数封装在Map里面的时候,Map 的类型选择。 使用RestTemplate post请求的时候主要可以通过三种方式实现
        1、调用postForObject方法  2、使用postForEntity方法 3、调用exchange方法
        postForObject和postForEntity方法的区别主要在于可以在postForEntity方法中设置header的属性,当需要指定header的属性值的时候,使用postForEntity方法。exchange方法和postForEntity类似,但是更灵活,exchange还可以调用get、put、delete请求。使用这三种方法调用post请求传递参数,Map不能定义为以下两种类型(url使用占位符进行参数传递时除外
    Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    
    Map<String, Object> paramMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
    

       经过测试,我发现这两种map里面的参数都不能被后台接收到,这个问题困扰我两天,终于,当我把Map类型换成LinkedMultiValueMap后,参数成功传递到后台。

    MultiValueMap<String, Object> paramMap = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, Object>();
    

      注:HashMap是以请求体传递,MultiValueMap是表单传递。

      经过测试,正确的POST传参方式如下

    public static void main(String[] args) {
            RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
            String url = "http://192.168.2.40:8081/channel/channelHourData/getHourNewUserData";
            // 封装参数,千万不要替换为Map与HashMap,否则参数无法传递
            MultiValueMap<String, Object> paramMap = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, Object>();
            paramMap.add("dt", "20180416");
    
            // 1、使用postForObject请求接口
            String result = template.postForObject(url, paramMap, String.class);
            System.out.println("result1==================" + result);
    
            // 2、使用postForEntity请求接口
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>>(paramMap,headers);
            ResponseEntity<String> response2 = template.postForEntity(url, httpEntity, String.class);
            System.out.println("result2====================" + response2.getBody());
    
            // 3、使用exchange请求接口
            ResponseEntity<String> response3 = template.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, httpEntity, String.class);
            System.out.println("result3====================" + response3.getBody());
    }
    

      补充:POST传参对象

         @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
        private String url="http://localhost:8080/users";
    
        public Integer save(User user){
            Map<String,String> map = restTemplate.postForObject(url, user, Map.class);
            if(map.get("result").equals("success")){
                //添加成功
                return 1;
            }
            return -1;
        }
    
         //这是访问的controller方法   
        @RequestMapping(value = "users",method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public Map<String,String> save(@RequestBody User user){
            Integer save = userService.save(user);
            Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();
            if(save>0){
                map.put("result","success");
                return map;
            }
            map.put("result","error");
            return map;
        }
    

      ps:post请求也可以通过占位符的方式进行传参(类似get),但是看起来不优雅,推荐使用文中的方式。

    GET方式传参说明

    如果是get请求,又想要把参数封装到map里面进行传递的话,Map需要使用HashMap,且url需要使用占位符,如下:

    public static void main(String[] args) {
            RestTemplate restTemplate2 = new RestTemplate();
            String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8081/interact/getData?dt={dt}&ht={ht}";
      
            // 封装参数,这里是HashMap
    	Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    	paramMap.put("dt", "20181116");
    	paramMap.put("ht", "10");
    
    	//1、使用getForObject请求接口
    	String result1 = template.getForObject(url, String.class, paramMap);
    	System.out.println("result1====================" + result1);
    
    	//2、使用exchange请求接口
    	HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    	headers.set("id", "lidy");
    	HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>>(null,headers);
    	ResponseEntity<String> response2 = template.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class,paramMap);
    	System.out.println("result2====================" + response2.getBody());
    }
    

      

        RestTemplate提供的delete()和put()方法都没有返回值,但是我要调用的接口是有返回值的,网上的资料很多都是写的调用exchange()方法来实现,但是基本上都没有给出完整实例,导致我在参考他们的代码的时候会出现参数无法传递的问题,目前我已经解决该问题,现将我的解决方法分享出来
           我同样是使用exchange()方法来实现,但是url有讲究,需要像使用exchange方法调用get请求一样,使用占位符
           delete请求实例,请求方式使用 HttpMethod.DELETE(resultful风格使用占位符)
        /**
         * 删除用户
         * @param id
         * @return
         */
        public String delete(Long id) {
            StringBuffer url = new StringBuffer(baseUrl)
                    .append("/user/delete/{id}");
     
            Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
            paramMap.put("id", id);
     
            ResponseEntity<String > response = restTemplate.exchange(url.toString(), HttpMethod.DELETE, null, String .class, paramMap);
            String result = response.getBody();
    
            return result;
        }
    

      补充:resultful风格直接拼接url

        //负责调用provider的方法,获取数据
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
        //在provider端资源的路径
        private String url="http://localhost:8080/details";    
    
        public String deleteDetail(Integer id){
            ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.exchange(url + "/" + id, HttpMethod.DELETE, null, String.class);
            String result = response.getBody();
            return result;
        }
    
        //被调用的controller方法
        @ResponseBody
        @RequestMapping(value = "details/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
        public String deleteDetail(@PathVariable Integer id){
            Integer integer = detailService.deleteDetail(id);
            if(integer>0){
                return "success";
            }
            return "error";
        }
    
        

      不是resultful风格可以使用占位符

     
    private String url="http://localhost:8080/details?id={id}";
    
    public String deleteDetail(Integer id){
            
            Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
            paramMap.put("id", id);
            ResponseEntity<String > response = restTemplate.exchange(url.toString(), HttpMethod.DELETE, null, String .class, paramMap);
            String result = response.getBody();
            return result;
        }
    

      

    put请求实例,请求方式使用 HttpMethod.PUT

        /**
         * 更新用户基础信息
         * @param userInfoDTO
         * @return
         */
        public String edit(UserInfoDTO userInfoDTO) {
            StringBuffer url = new StringBuffer(baseUrl)
                    .append("/user/edit?tmp=1")
                    .append("&id={id}")
                    .append("&userName={userName}")
                    .append("&nickName={nickName}")
                    .append("&realName={realName}")
                    .append("&sex={sex}")
                    .append("&birthday={birthday}");
    
            Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
            paramMap.put("userId", userInfoDTO.getId());
            paramMap.put("userName", userInfoDTO.getUserName());
            paramMap.put("nickName", userInfoDTO.getNickName());
            paramMap.put("realName", userInfoDTO.getRealName());
            paramMap.put("sex", userInfoDTO.getSex());
            paramMap.put("birthday", userInfoDTO.getBirthday());
     
            ResponseEntity<String > response = restTemplate.exchange(url.toString(), HttpMethod.PUT, null, String .class, paramMap);
            String result = response.getBody();
            return result;
    
        }
     
      再次补充exchange()传参对象:
        //测试post的controller
        @RequestMapping(value = "detailsPost",method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String test02(@RequestBody Detail detail){
            System.out.println("POST-"+detail);
            return "error";
        }
        //测试put的controller
        @RequestMapping(value = "detailsPut",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
        public String test03(@RequestBody Detail detail){
            System.out.println("PUT-"+detail);
            return "error";
        }
        //测试delete的controller
        @RequestMapping(value = "detailsDelete",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
        public String test04(@RequestBody Detail detail){
            System.out.println("DELETE-"+detail);
            return "error";
        }
    
    
        //测试方法
        public String test(){
            //put传递对象
            //String json = "{"author":"zsw","createdate":1582010438846,"id":1,"summary":"牡丹","title":"菏泽"}";
            //HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            //headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
            //HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<>(json,headers);
            //ResponseEntity<String> resp = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/detailsPut", HttpMethod.PUT, entity, String.class);
    
            //delete传递对象
            Detail detail=new Detail();
            detail.setId(1L);
            detail.setSummary("牡丹");
            detail.setTitle("菏泽");
            detail.setAuthor("zsw");
            detail.setCreatedate(new Timestamp(new Date().getTime()));
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
            HttpEntity<Detail> entity = new HttpEntity<>(detail,headers);
            ResponseEntity<String> resp = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/detailsDelete", HttpMethod.DELETE, entity, String.class);
    
            String result = resp.getBody();
            System.out.println(result);
            return result;
        }
    

      delete请求和上面一样,但是get不行,直接报错400。好像是get不支持这种传参。https://blog.belonk.com/c/http_resttemplate_get_with_body.htm 和这大哥的情况一样,但是他的解决方案我没搞明白,so 如有大佬还望指点一下老弟,不胜感激。

      exchange()传递单个参数可以使用占位符:

            //post传递单参
    //        ResponseEntity<String> resp = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/detailsPostD?id={id}&name={name}", HttpMethod.POST, null, String.class,1,"zsw");
            //put传递单参
            Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
            map.put("id",1);
            map.put("name","zsw");
            ResponseEntity<String> resp = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/detailsPutD?id={id}&name={name}", HttpMethod.PUT, null, String.class,map);

      get、post、put、delete请求通用。

     
  • 相关阅读:
    Nginx 禁止IP访问
    Nginx服务优化详解
    adb不响应
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY);
    【翻译】Android避免内存泄露(Activity的context 与Context.getApplicationContext)
    内存泄露情况
    AndroidManifest笔记
    RecyclerView设置verticalSapcing等
    Fragment回调顺序及getActivity()为NullPointerException解决方法
    git tag
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wwct/p/12325173.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看