C#实现倒油算法

原题如下：12（a桶 满的 有12斤油）斤桶里 取出6斤油 有 另外有8斤（b桶）和5斤(c桶)两个空桶  让程序输出取出这6斤油的步骤

现在实现的算法可以配参数（定义有几个桶，初始有多少油，要得到多少油，都可以配），并且找出任意（多条线路或者找不到）满足条件的倒油线路图：

运行效果：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
    {
static void Main(string[] args)
        {
//在此自定义相关初始信息
            Oil.初始油量 = "12,0,0";
            Oil.桶的容量 = "12,8,5";
            Oil.需求油量 = "6";

            Oil oil = new Oil();
            Status SuperStatus = oil.GetStartState();
            oil.status.Add(SuperStatus);
            oil.执行(SuperStatus);

if (oil.Endstatus.Count == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("无法倒出指定质量大小的油。");
            }
else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("共找到" + oil.Endstatus.Count.ToString()+"条倒油线路：");
            }
for (int i = 0; i < oil.Endstatus.Count; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(oil.翻译路线(oil.Endstatus[i]));
            }
        }
    }

class Oil
    {
public static string 桶的容量;
public static string 初始油量;
public static string 需求油量;

//自动记录桶的总数
int count;

public Oil()
        {

            count = 桶的容量.Split(',').Count();
            capacity = new int[count];
for (int i=0;i<count;i++)
            {
                capacity[i] = Convert.ToInt32(桶的容量.Split(',')[i]);
            }
        }

public int[] capacity; //new int[] { 12, 8, 5 };
public List<Status> status = new List<Status>();
public List<Status> Endstatus = new List<Status>();

        Status 倒油(Status state, int a, int b)
        {
//排除不可倒的情况
if (state.OilState[a] == 0return null;
if (state.OilState[b] == capacity[b]) return null;


//倒油操作
//先定义成功倒油后的新状态
            Status newStatus = new Status();
            newStatus.OilState = new int[count];
            state.OilState.CopyTo(newStatus.OilState, 0);
            newStatus.Father = state;

if (state.OilState[a] > capacity[b] - state.OilState[b])
            {
                newStatus.OilState[a] -= capacity[b] - state.OilState[b];
                newStatus.OilState[b] = capacity[b];
            }
else
            {
                newStatus.OilState[a] = 0;
                newStatus.OilState[b] += state.OilState[a];
            }

//判断倒油后的新状态是否在状态列表中存在
bool IsExist = false;
foreach (var s in status)
            {
bool mark = true;
for (int i = 0; i < newStatus.OilState.Count(); i++)
                {
if (newStatus.OilState[i] != s.OilState[i]) mark = false;
                }
if (mark)
                {
                    IsExist = true;
break;
                }
            }

if (IsExist)
            {
return null;
            }
else
            {
                status.Add(newStatus);
return newStatus;
            }
        }

public void 执行(Status SuperStatus)
        {
//如果找到一条路线
if (SuperStatus.OilState.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(需求油量)))
            {
                Endstatus.Add(SuperStatus);
                ArrangeStatus();

                执行(GetStartState());
return;
            }


for (int a = 0; a < count; a++)
            {
for (int b = 0; b < count; b++)
                {
if (b != a)
                    {
                        Status newStatus = 倒油(SuperStatus, a, b);
if (newStatus != null)
                        {
                            执行(newStatus);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

public string 翻译路线(Status endState)
        {
string theWay = string.Empty;
            Status s = endState;
while (s != null)
            {
string wayNode = string.Empty;
foreach (var a in s.OilState)
                {
                    wayNode += a.ToString() + " ";
                }
if (theWay == string.Empty) theWay += wayNode;
else theWay = wayNode.Trim() + "→" + theWay;

                s = s.Father;
            }
return theWay;
        }

/// <summary>
/// 整理状态表，为寻求新路线做准备
/// </summary>
public void ArrangeStatus()
        {
            status.Clear();
for (int i = 0; i < Endstatus.Count; i++)
            {
                Status s = Endstatus[i];
while (s != null)
                {
                    status.Add(s);
                    s = s.Father;
                }
            }
        }

/// <summary>
/// 获取开始状态
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Status GetStartState()
        {
            Status status = new Status();
            status.Father = null;
            status.OilState = new int[count];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            {
                status.OilState[i] = Convert.ToInt32(初始油量.Split(',')[i]);
            }
return status;
        }
    }

/// <summary>
/// 记录各桶当前所装油量的状态信息
/// </summary>
class Status
    {
public int[] OilState;
public Status Father;
    }

}