<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" /> <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" /> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath*:jedis.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <dubbo:application name="chatroom-cluster-provider" /> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://zk1:2181?backup=zk2:2181,zk3:2181" /> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /> <dubbo:service interface="org.shirdrn.dubbo.api.ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService" version="1.0.0" cluster="failover" retries="2" timeout="1000" loadbalance="random" actives="100" executes="200" ref="chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService" protocol="dubbo" > <dubbo:method name="queryRoomUserCount" timeout="500" retries="2" loadbalance="roundrobin" actives="50" /> </dubbo:service> <bean id="chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService" class="org.shirdrn.dubbo.provider.service.ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterServiceImpl" > <property name="jedisPool" ref="jedisPool" /> </bean> <bean id="jedisPool" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool" destroy-method="destroy"> <constructor-arg index="0"> <bean class="org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig"> <property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.pool.maxTotal}" /> <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}" /> <property name="minIdle" value="${redis.pool.minIdle}" /> <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.pool.maxWaitMillis}" /> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}" /> <property name="testOnReturn" value="${redis.pool.testOnReturn}" /> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /> </bean> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="1" value="${redis.host}" /> <constructor-arg index="2" value="${redis.port}" /> <constructor-arg index="3" value="${redis.timeout}" /> </bean> </beans>
上面配置中,使用dubbo协议,集群容错模式为failover,服务级别负载均衡策略为random,方法级别负载均衡策略为roundrobin(它覆盖了服务级别的配置内容),其他一些配置内容可以参考Dubbo文档。我们这里是从Redis读取数据,所以使用了Redis连接池。启动服务示例代码如下所示:
package org.shirdrn.dubbo.provider; import org.shirdrn.dubbo.provider.common.DubboServer; public class ChatRoomClusterServer { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { DubboServer.startServer("classpath:provider-cluster.xml"); } }
上面调用了DubboServer类的静态方法startServer,如下所示:
public static void startServer(String config) { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(config); try { context.start(); System.in.read(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { context.close(); } }
方法中主要是初始化Spring IoC容器,全部对象都交由容器来管理。
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●服务消费方
服务消费方就容易了,只需要知道注册中心地址,并引用服务提供方提供的接口,消费方调用服务实现如下所示:
package org.shirdrn.dubbo.consumer; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.shirdrn.dubbo.api.ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService; import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class ChatRoomDubboConsumer { private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(ChatRoomDubboConsumer.class); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { AbstractXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:consumer.xml"); try { context.start(); ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService = (ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService)
context.getBean("chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService"); getMaxOnlineUserCount(chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService); getRealtimeOnlineUserCount(chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService); System.in.read(); } finally { context.close(); } } private static void getMaxOnlineUserCount(ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService liveRoomOnlineUserCountService) { List<String> maxUserCounts = liveRoomOnlineUserCountService.getMaxOnlineUserCount( Arrays.asList(new String[] {"1482178010" , "1408492761", "1430546839",
"1412517075", "1435861734"}), "20150327", "yyyyMMdd"); LOG.info("After getMaxOnlineUserCount invoked: maxUserCounts= " + maxUserCounts); } private static void getRealtimeOnlineUserCount(ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService liveRoomOnlineUserCountService) throws InterruptedException { String rooms = "1482178010,1408492761,1430546839,1412517075,1435861734"; String onlineUserCounts = liveRoomOnlineUserCountService.queryRoomUserCount(rooms); LOG.info("After queryRoomUserCount invoked: onlineUserCounts= " + onlineUserCounts); } }
对应的配置文件为consumer.xml,内容如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <dubbo:application name="chatroom-consumer" /> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://zk1:2181?backup=zk2:2181,zk3:2181" /> <dubbo:reference id="chatRoomOnlineUserCounterService" interface="org.shirdrn.dubbo.api.ChatRoomOnlineUserCounterService" version="1.0.0"> <dubbo:method name="queryRoomUserCount" retries="2" /> </dubbo:reference> </beans>
也可以根据需要配置dubbo:reference相关的属性值,也可以配置dubbo:method指定调用的方法的配置信息,详细配置属性可以参考Dubbo官方文档。
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●部署与验证
开发完成提供方服务后,在本地开发调试的时候可以怎么简单怎么做,如果是要部署到生产环境,则需要打包后进行部署,可以参考下面的Maven POM配置:
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> <configuration> <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>shade</goal> </goals> <configuration> <transformers> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer" /> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"> <mainClass>org.shirdrn.dubbo.provider.ChatRoomClusterServer</mainClass> </transformer> </transformers> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
这里也给出Maven POM依赖的简单配置:
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.shirdrn.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
我们开发的服务应该是分布式的,首先是通过配置内容来决定,例如设置集群模式、设置负载均衡模式等,然后在部署的时候,可以在多个节点上同一个服务,这样多个服务都会注册到Dubbo注册中心,如果某个节点上的服务不可用了,可以根据我们配置的策略来选择其他节点上的可用服务,后面通过Dubbo服务管理中心和监控中心就能更加清楚明了。
Dubbo服务管理与监控
我们需要在安装好管理中心和监控中心以后,再将上面的开发的提供方服务部署到物理节点上,然后就能够通过管理中心和监控中心来查看对应的详细情况。
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●Dubbo服务管理中心
安装Dubbo服务管理中心,需要选择一个Web容器,我们使用Tomcat服务器。首先下载Dubbo管理中心安装文件dubbo-admin-2.5.3.war,或者直接从源码构建得到该WAR文件。这里,我们已经构建好对应的WAR文件,然后进行安装,执行如下命令:
cd apache-tomcat-6.0.35
rm -rf webapps/ROOT
unzip ~/dubbo-admin-2.5.3.war -d webapps/ROOT
修改配置文件~/apache-tomcat-6.0.35/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/dubbo.properties,指定我们的注册中心地址以及登录密码,内容如下所示:
dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://zk1:2181?backup=zk2:2181,zk3:2181
dubbo.admin.root.password=root
dubbo.admin.guest.password=guest
然后,根据需要修改~/apache-tomcat-6.0.35/conf/server.xml配置文件,主要是Tomcat HTTP 端口号(我这里使用8083端口),完成后可以直接启动Tomcat服务器:
cd ~/apache-tomcat-6.0.35/
bin/catalina.sh start
然后访问地址 http://10.10.4.130:8083/ 即可,根据配置文件指定的root用户密码,就可以登录Dubbo管理控制台。