爬取全部的校园新闻

本次作业要求来自于：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002

1.从新闻url获取点击次数，并整理成函数

• newsUrl
• newsId(re.search())
• clickUrl(str.format())
• requests.get(clickUrl)
• re.search()/.split()
• str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
• int
• 整理成函数
• 获取新闻发布时间及类型转换也整理成函数

2.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews

def anews(url):
    newsDetail = {}
    res = requests.get(url)
    res.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
    newsDetail['新闻标题'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text
    showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['发布时间'] = newsdt(showinfo)
    newsDetail['点击次数'] = click(newsUrl)
    return newsDetail

3.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist

def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList=[]
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDest=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict=anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['新闻url'] = newsUrl
            newsDict['新闻描述']=newsDest
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList

4.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页

for i in range(15, 25):
        listUrl = "http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html".format(i)
        allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))

5.设置合理的爬取间隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

for i in range(5):
    time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
    print(allnews)

6.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:duym爬虫gzccnews.csv')

newsdf=pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:wytgzccnews.csv',encoding='utf-8')

实现代码：

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from datetime import datetime
import re
import pandas as pd
import random
import time

def click(url):
    id = re.findall('(d{1,5})', url)[-1]
    clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id)
    resClick = requests.get(clickUrl)
    newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');"))
    return newsClick

def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime = showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDT = newsDate + ' ' + newsTime
    dt = datetime.strptime(newsDT, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return dt

def anews(url):
    newsDetail = {}
    res = requests.get(url)
    res.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
    newsDetail['新闻标题'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text  
    showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['发布时间'] = newsdt(showinfo)
    newsDetail['点击次数'] = click(newsUrl)
    return newsDetail

newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0402/11131.html'
print(anews(newsUrl))

def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList=[]
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDest=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict=anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['新闻url'] = newsUrl
            newsDict['新闻描述']=newsDest
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList

listUrl = "http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/"
allnews = alist(listUrl)

for i in range(15, 25):
        listUrl = "http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html".format(i)
        allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))
for i in range(5):
    time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
    print(allnews)

newsdf=pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:wytgzccnews.csv',encoding='utf-8')

结果截图：

gzccnews.csv文件：