一次数据文件头不一致恢复

SYS@orcl11g>alter database datafile 6 online;
alter database datafile 6 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 6 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 6: '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf'

有时候我们数据文件offline之后。再online须要介质恢复    

SYS@orcl11g>select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
     FILE# NAME                                                         STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
         1 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf                     SYSTEM
         2 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf                     ONLINE
         3 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf                    ONLINE
         4 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf                      ONLINE
         5 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba.dbf                        ONLINE
         6 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf                      RECOVER
         7 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/test.dbf                         ONLINE

可是我们归档已经丢失，无法完毕介质恢复：

SYS@orcl11g>recover datafile 6;
ORA-00279: change 1986632 generated at 10/28/2014 05:16:11 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL11G/archivelog/2014_10_28/o1_mf_1_74_b4yqrglr_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1986632 for thread 1 is in sequence #74


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL11G/archivelog/2014_10_28/o1_mf_1_74_b4yqrglr_.arc'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

所以这时候我们直接改动文件头进行online：

[oracle@ogg1 lib]$ bbed parfile=par.txt
Password:

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Tue Oct 28 05:20:19 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED>
BBED>
BBED> info all
File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)
-----  ----                                                        ----------
     1  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf                             0
     2  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf                             0
     3  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf                            0
     4  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf                              0
     5  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba.dbf                                0
     6  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf                              0
     7  /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/test.dbf                                 0

BBED> set file 1 block 1
        FILE#           1
        BLOCK#          1

BBED> p kcvfhckp
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484    
   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    
      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x001e526c
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000
   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x3362e202
   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001
   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    
      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    
         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x0000004d
         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x000001a6
         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0010
   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02
   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x000000f9

BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x000000f8

BBED> set file 6 block 1
        FILE#           6
        BLOCK#          1

BBED> p kcvfhckp
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484    
   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    
      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x001e5048
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000
   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x3362e11b
   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001
   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    
      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    
         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x0000004a
         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x00005801
         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0010
   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02
   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x0000043c

BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x0000043b

BBED> modify /x 6c52 offset 484
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed?
 (Y/N) y
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1                Offsets:  484 to  995           Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6c521e00 00000000 1be16233 01000000 4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0d000d00 0d000100 00000000 00000000 00000000 02008001 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> modify /x 02e2 offset 492
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1                Offsets:  492 to 1003           Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
02e26233 01000000 4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0d000d00 0d000100
00000000 00000000 00000000 02008001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> modify /x f900 offset 140
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1                Offsets:  140 to  651           Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
f9000000 7fe16233 3b040000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
06000000 05005a42 44424100 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 06000000 00000000 00000000 a3d96233 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6b946b29 01000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6c521e00 00000000
02e26233 01000000 4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0d000d00 0d000100

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> modify /x f800 offset 148
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1                Offsets:  148 to  659           Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
f8000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 06000000 05005a42
44424100 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 06000000
00000000 00000000 a3d96233 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 6b946b29 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6c521e00 00000000 02e26233 01000000
4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0d000d00 0d000100 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 6, Block 1:
current = 0x1924, required = 0x1924

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf
BLOCK = 1


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> show all
        FILE#           6
        BLOCK#          1
        OFFSET          148
        DBA             0x01800001 (25165825 6,1)
        FILENAME        /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE        filelist.txt
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Edit
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No

BBED> p kcvfhckp
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484    
   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    
      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x001e526c
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000
   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x3362e202
   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001
   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    
      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    
         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x0000004a
         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x00005801
         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0010
   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02
   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00
   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x000000f9

BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x000000f8

BBED> 

改动完毕后我们再次恢复该数据文件：

SYS@orcl11g>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  417546240 bytes
Fixed Size                  2213936 bytes
Variable Size             318769104 bytes
Database Buffers           92274688 bytes
Redo Buffers                4288512 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SYS@orcl11g>recover datafile 6;
Media recovery complete.
SYS@orcl11g>alter database datafile 6 online;

Database altered.