Struts2入门
一.Struts2环境搭建
1.1 创建一个Maven项目，可参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/xcn123/p/11234071.html
1.2 使用Struts2时必须得导入Struts2的jar
pom.xml添加struts2-core-2.5.13.jar
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.13</version> </dependency>
1.3在src/main/resources中添加Struts2支持的xml文件以及web.xml
struts.xml(核心配置文件)
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 3 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" 4 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> 5 <struts> 6 <include file="struts-default.xml"></include> 7 <include file="struts-base.xml"></include> 8 <include file="struts-sy.xml"></include> 9 </struts>
struts-sy.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 3 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" 4 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> 5 <struts> 6 <package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy"> 7 <action name="/hello_*_*" class="com.Maven_Struts.web.StrutsAction" method="{1}"> 8 <result name="success">/success.jsp</result> 9 </action> 10 </package> 11 </struts>
struts-base.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 3 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" 4 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> 5 <struts> 6 <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" /> 7 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> 8 <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /> 9 <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" /> 10 <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> 11 12 <package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true"> 13 <global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods> 14 </package> 15 </struts>
配置web.xml
1 <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 2 xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" 3 version="3.1"> 4 <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> 5 <filter> 6 <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> 7 <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> 8 </filter> 9 <filter-mapping> 10 <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> 11 <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> 12 </filter-mapping> 13 </web-app>
二.动态方法调用(MVC不具备的优势)
strutsAction
struts-sy.xml
创建一个success.jsp,在页面更换不同的方法名就或得不同的方法
三.Struts传参的三种方式
strutsAction部分代码
1 private User user1 = new User(); 2 private User user2; 3 private String sex; 4 private String uname; 5 6 7 8 public String getUname() { 9 return uname; 10 } 11 12 public void setUname(String uname) { 13 this.uname = uname; 14 } 15 16 public User getUser2() { 17 return user2; 18 } 19 20 public void setUser2(User user2) { 21 this.user2 = user2; 22 } 23 24 public String getSex() { 25 return sex; 26 } 27 28 public void setSex(String sex) { 29 this.sex = sex; 30 } 31 32 public String add() { 33 System.out.println("默认被调用方法"); 34 return "success"; 35 } 36 37 public String del() { 38 System.out.println("del方法"); 39 return "success"; 40 } 41 42 public String edit() { 43 System.out.println("edit方法"); 44 return "success"; 45 } 46 47 public String list() { 48 System.out.println("list方法"); 49 System.out.println("user1:"+user1); 50 System.out.println("user2:"+user2); 51 System.out.println("sex:"+sex); 52 System.out.println("uname:"+uname); 53 }
jsp界面
1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 2 pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 4 <html> 5 <head> 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 7 <title>Insert title here</title> 8 </head> 9 <body> 10 <h3>Struts传参的三种方式</h3> 11 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/hello_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">测试Modeldrive接口传参</a> 12 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/hello_list.action?sex=nan">测试Set接口传参</a> 13 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/hello_list.action?user2.uid=002&&user2.uname=ls">测试参数名.属性名接口传参</a> 14 <h2>steut与J2EE容器的交换</h2> 15 </body> 16 </html>
3.1 set传参
3.2 参数名.属性名传参
3.3 实现modeldrive接口 传参
四.Struts与J2EE容器交互
4.1 request 传值
4.1.1 非注入 HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
4.1.2 耦合
实现模型驱动接口 调用 ServletActionContext.getRequest()方法
1 public String list() { 2 System.out.println("list方法"); 3 System.out.println("user1:"+user1); 4 System.out.println("user2:"+user2); 5 System.out.println("sex:"+sex); 6 System.out.println("uname:"+uname); 7 //非注入 8 //耦合 9 HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); 10 request.setAttribute("rs", user1); 11 12 return "success"; 13 }
2、值栈传值（get方法传值 ） 自动会将传过来的值赋值
1 public String list() { 2 System.out.println("list方法"); 3 System.out.println("user1:"+user1); 4 System.out.println("user2:"+user2); 5 System.out.println("sex:"+sex); 6 return "success"; 7 }
4.2 注入
4.2.1 耦合
实现ServletRequestAware与ServletResponseAware接口 并重写setServletRequest与setServletResponse
1 public class StrutsAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware{
定义HttpServletResponse Responses 与 HttpServletRequest request
1 private HttpServletResponse Responses; 2 private HttpServletRequest request;
重写setServletRequest与setServletResponse
1 @Override 2 public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse Responses) { 3 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 4 this.Responses = Responses; 5 }
1 @Override 2 public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { 3 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 4 this.request = request; 5 6 }
1 public String list() { 2 System.out.println("list方法"); 3 System.out.println("user1:"+user1); 4 System.out.println("user2:"+user2); 5 System.out.println("sex:"+sex); 6 System.out.println("uname:"+uname); 7 //非注入 8 //耦合 9 // HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); 10 // request.setAttribute("rs", user1); 11 //解耦 12 // ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext(); 13 // context.get("权限匿名"); 14 this.request.setAttribute("rs", user1); 15 return "success"; 16 }