Django之设置django-redis缓存+验证码图片接口

1.django缓存设置

1.1安装django缓存模块

pip install django-redis==4.12.1

1.2syl/settings.py中配置缓存

# 缓存配置
CACHES = {
# django存缓默认位置,redis 0号库
# default: 连接名称
"default": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0",
        "OPTIONS": {
               "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
                }
           }, 
        # django session存 reidis 1 号库（现在基本不需要使用）
        "session": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1",
        "OPTIONS": {
                  "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
                }
        },
        # 图形验证码，存redis 2号库
        "img_code": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2",
        "OPTIONS": {
        "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
                }
          }
}
# 配置session使用redis存储
SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache"
# 配置session存储的位置: 使用cache中的 session配置
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "session"
###2.新建应用verifications
      - 图形验证码
      - 短信验证码
      - 邮件验证
```python
'''2.1 在apps文件夹下新建应用： verifications'''
python ../manage.py startapp verifications # 切换到apps文件夹下执行创建命令
'''2.2 在syl/settings.py中添加应用'''
INSTALLED_APPS = [
      'verifications.apps.VerificationsConfig',
]
'''2.3 在syl/urls.py主路由中添加'''
path('verify/', include('verifications.urls')),

'''2.4 添加子路由： verifications/urls.py'''
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
       path('image_codes/', views.ImageCodeView.as_view())
]

3.图形验证码captcha使用

1.下载captcha压缩包captcha.zip，放到项目packages文件夹下
2.解压captcha.zip放到syl/libs文件夹下
3.解压文件中的syl/libs/captcha/captcha.py 右键运行即可生成图片验证码
unzip xxx.zip

4.在verifications/views.py中使用

      from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseForbidden
      from django.views import View
      from django_redis import get_redis_connection
      from libs.captcha.captcha import captcha
      class ImageCodeView(View):
            def get(self, request):
                  # 1.接收数据
                  uuid = request.GET.get('uuid')
                  # 2.校验数据
                  if not uuid:
                  return HttpResponseForbidden('uuid无效')
                  # 3.处理业务
                  # 获取图片文本内容和图片二进制代码
                  text, image = captcha.generate_captcha()
                  # 4.把uuid和图片文本存入redis
                  redis_client = get_redis_connection('img_code') # 获取redis客户端
                  # 5.写入redis(是字符串)
                  redis_client.setex(uuid, 60 * 5, text)
                  # 6.返回响应图片
                  return HttpResponse(image, content_type='image/jpg')

5.测试验证码接口

http://192.168.56.100:8888/verify/image_codes/?uuid=66ea64aa-fbe6-11ea-a3d3-
005056c00008

127.0.0.1:6379># select 2
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[2]># keys *
1) "66ea64aa-fbe6-11ea-a3d3-005056c00008"
127.0.0.1:6379[2]># get 66ea64aa-fbe6-11ea-a3d3-005056c00008
"JEZ6"