[C#]记一次解析XML转对象的笔记

项目中调用第三方API，返回格式是XML字符串，需要将XML反序列化为对象，格式如下：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Response xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" totalCount="123" resultCode="ABC" resultMessage="测试">
  <profile lastName="李" firstName="爽" dateOfBirth="XX0816" age="" gender="1" address="浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公" email="htlslll@163.com" cellEmail="" socialMedia="" homePhone="" cellPhone="18857199925" contactabiltyMail="1" contactabiltyEmail="1" contactabiltyCellEmail="0" contactabiltyHomePhone="1" contactabiltyCellPhone="1" contactabiltyText="1" contactabiltySocialMedia="0" vipLevel="2" memberId="OC540C00016824" saAccount="660996" classa="小姐" homeStoreCode="OC54" />
  <purchaseHistory>
    <departmentPurchase totalLifeTimeSale="36791" totalTYAmount="21705" lastTxn="20160829" totalTYUnitCnt="9" firstTxn="20160713">
      <department categoryName="D08" tyAmount="2970" tyUnitCnt="2" />
      <department categoryName="D01" tyAmount="9750" tyUnitCnt="3" />
      <department categoryName="D02" tyAmount="8985" tyUnitCnt="4" />
    </departmentPurchase>
    <ratePurchase totalLyAmount="0" totalLyRate="0" totalTyAmount="21705" totalTyRate="100" totalLifeTimeAmount="36791" totalLifeTimeRate="100">
      <rate categoryName="Retail" lyAmount="" lyRate="0" lyToDate="0" tyAmount="21705" tyRate="100" tyToDate="21705" lifeTimeAmount="36791" lifeTimeRate="100" lyTyChange="100" />
    </ratePurchase>
    <storeRatePurchase>
      <storeRate />
    </storeRatePurchase>
  </purchaseHistory>
  <vipStatus issueDate="20140629" issueShop="OC54" ptsToUpgrade="21705" expiryDate="20170731" upgradeShop="" ptsToRenew="8130" />
  <comments comment="第一场雪" />
</Response>

按照这个格式我需要定义相应的对象来接收，定义如下：

    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false, ElementName = "Response")]
    public class Response
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalCount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string resultCode { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string resultMessage { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("profile", typeof(profile))]
        public profile profile { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("purchaseHistory", typeof(purchaseHistory))]
        public purchaseHistory purchaseHistory { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("vipStatus", typeof(vipStatus))]
        public vipStatus vipStatus { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("comments", typeof(comments))]
        public comments comments { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class profile
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lastName { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string firstName { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string dateOfBirth { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string age { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string gender { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string address { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string email { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string cellEmail { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string socialMedia { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string homePhone { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string cellPhone { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltyMail { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltyEmail { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltyCellEmail { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltyHomePhone { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltyCellPhone { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltyText { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string contactabiltySocialMedia { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string vipLevel { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string memberId { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string saAccount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string classa { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string homeStoreCode { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class purchaseHistory
    {      

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("departmentPurchase", typeof(departmentPurchase))]
        public departmentPurchase departmentPurchase { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("ratePurchase", typeof(ratePurchase))]
        public ratePurchase ratePurchase { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("storeRatePurchase", typeof(storeRatePurchase))]
        public storeRatePurchase storeRatePurchase { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class departmentPurchase
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalTYAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalTYUnitCnt { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string firstTxn { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lastTxn { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalLifeTimeSale { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(List<department>), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = 0)]
        public List<department> department { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class department
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string categoryName { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string tyAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string tyUnitCnt { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class ratePurchase
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalLyAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalLyRate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalTyAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalTyRate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalLifeTimeAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalLifeTimeRate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("rate", typeof(rate))]
        public rate rate { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class rate
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string categoryName { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lyAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lyRate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lyToDate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string tyAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string tyRate { get; set; }
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]

        public string tyToDate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lifeTimeAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lifeTimeRate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lyTyChange { get; set; }

    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class storeRatePurchase
    {
        public string storeRate { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class vipStatus
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string issueDate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string issueShop { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string ptsToUpgrade { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string expiryDate { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string upgradeShop { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string ptsToRenew { get; set; }
    }

    [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class comments
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string comment { get; set; }
    }

解析代码如下

  private static System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer Serializer;
 /// <summary>
        /// 指定XML字符串序列化成对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="xml"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T DeserializeForXml<T>(string xml) where T : class, new()
        {
            System.IO.StringReader stringReader = null;
            try
            {
                Serializer = Serializer ?? new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));           
                stringReader = new StringReader(xml);
                T result = Serializer.Deserialize(stringReader) as T;
                return result;
            }
            finally
            {
                if ((stringReader != null))
                {
                    stringReader.Dispose();
                }
            }
        }

调用方式：

 var rpXML = AcxiomXMLHelper.DeserializeForXml<CustomerDetails.Response>(returnXML); 

好了，接下来就出现了问题

departmentPurchase 下面的department始终是没有数据，调试好久都找不到问题出现在哪里。

尝试找解决的办法，先实例化一个Response对象序列化后写入文件，再将文件内容读出来反序列化出来

Response response = new Response
                {
                    totalCount = "123",
                    resultCode = "ABC",
                    resultMessage = "测试",
                    profile = new profile { lastName = "李", firstName = "爽", dateOfBirth = "XX0816", age = "", gender = "1", address = "浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公", email = "htlslll@163.com", cellEmail = "", socialMedia = "", homePhone = "", cellPhone = "18857199925", contactabiltyMail = "1", contactabiltyEmail = "1", contactabiltyCellEmail = "0", contactabiltyHomePhone = "1", contactabiltyCellPhone = "1", contactabiltyText = "1", contactabiltySocialMedia = "0", vipLevel = "2", memberId = "OC540C00016824", saAccount = "660996", classa = "小姐", homeStoreCode = "OC54" },
                    comments = new comments { comment = "第一场雪" },
                    purchaseHistory = new purchaseHistory
                    {
                        departmentPurchase = new departmentPurchase
                        {
                            totalTYAmount = "21705",
                            totalTYUnitCnt = "9",
                            firstTxn = "20160713",
                            lastTxn = "20160829",
                            totalLifeTimeSale = "36791",
                            department = new List<department> {
                                new department { categoryName = "D08", tyAmount = "2970", tyUnitCnt = "2" },
                                new department { categoryName = "D01", tyAmount = "9750", tyUnitCnt = "3" },
                                new department { categoryName = "D02", tyAmount = "8985", tyUnitCnt = "4" }
                            }
                        },
                        ratePurchase = new ratePurchase
                        {
                            totalLyAmount = "0",
                            totalLyRate = "0",
                            totalTyAmount = "21705",
                            totalTyRate = "100",
                            totalLifeTimeAmount = "36791",
                            totalLifeTimeRate = "100",
                            rate = new rate { categoryName = "Retail", lyAmount = "", lyRate = "0", lyToDate = "0", tyAmount = "21705", tyRate = "100", tyToDate = "21705", lifeTimeAmount = "36791", lifeTimeRate = "100", lyTyChange = "100" }
                        },
                        storeRatePurchase = new storeRatePurchase { storeRate = string.Empty }
                    },
                    vipStatus = new vipStatus { issueDate = "20140629", issueShop = "OC54", ptsToUpgrade = "21705", expiryDate = "20170731", upgradeShop = "", ptsToRenew = "8130" }
                };

                FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"d:xmlFormat.xml", FileMode.Create);
                XmlSerializer xmlserilize = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Response));
                xmlserilize.Serialize(stream, response);                stream.Close();

           

                using (FileStream xmlStream = new FileStream(@"d:xmlFormat.xml", FileMode.Open))
                {
                    using (XmlReader xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(xmlStream))
                    {
                        XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Response));
                        Response res = serializer.Deserialize(xmlReader) as Response;
                    }
                }

代码中res是反序列化的结果，数据都正确。这就有点恼火了，怎么办呢？

比较我生成的文件和API返回的XML：

下面是我生成的XML格式

<Response xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" totalCount="123" resultCode="ABC" resultMessage="测试">
  <profile lastName="李" firstName="爽" dateOfBirth="XX0816" age="" gender="1" address="浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公" email="htlslll@163.com" cellEmail="" socialMedia="" homePhone="" cellPhone="18857199925" contactabiltyMail="1" contactabiltyEmail="1" contactabiltyCellEmail="0" contactabiltyHomePhone="1" contactabiltyCellPhone="1" contactabiltyText="1" contactabiltySocialMedia="0" vipLevel="2" memberId="OC540C00016824" saAccount="660996" classa="小姐" homeStoreCode="OC54" />
  <purchaseHistory>
    <departmentPurchase totalLifeTimeSale="36791" totalTYAmount="21705" lastTxn="20160829" totalTYUnitCnt="9" firstTxn="20160713">
      <department>
        <department categoryName="D08" tyAmount="2970" tyUnitCnt="2" />
        <department categoryName="D01" tyAmount="9750" tyUnitCnt="3" />
        <department categoryName="D02" tyAmount="8985" tyUnitCnt="4" />
      </department>
    </departmentPurchase>
    <ratePurchase totalLyAmount="0" totalLyRate="0" totalTyAmount="21705" totalTyRate="100" totalLifeTimeAmount="36791" totalLifeTimeRate="100">
      <rate categoryName="Retail" lyAmount="" lyRate="0" lyToDate="0" tyAmount="21705" tyRate="100" tyToDate="21705" lifeTimeAmount="36791" lifeTimeRate="100" lyTyChange="100" />
    </ratePurchase>
    <storeRatePurchase>
      <storeRate />
    </storeRatePurchase>
  </purchaseHistory>
  <vipStatus issueDate="20140629" issueShop="OC54" ptsToUpgrade="21705" expiryDate="20170731" upgradeShop="" ptsToRenew="8130" />
  <comments comment="第一场雪" />
</Response>

仔细比对发现问题

在departmentPurchase 节点下我多了一层department节点，可我是按照接口的结果定义的对象啊

  [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
    public class departmentPurchase
    {
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalTYAmount { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalTYUnitCnt { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string firstTxn { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string lastTxn { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string totalLifeTimeSale { get; set; }

        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(List<department>), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = 0)]
        public List<department> department { get; set; }
    }

怎么搞呢？在网上不停的找答案，最终都无解。但是没有放弃，答案也往往在快要放弃的时候出现

我尝试的修改了department的定义

修改前

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(List<department>), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = 0)]
        public List<department> department { get; set; }

修改后

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(department), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = 0)]
        public List<department> department { get; set; }

重新运行，奇迹出现

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Response xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" totalCount="123" resultCode="ABC" resultMessage="测试">
  <profile lastName="李" firstName="爽" dateOfBirth="XX0816" age="" gender="1" address="浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公" email="htlslll@163.com" cellEmail="" socialMedia="" homePhone="" cellPhone="18857199925" contactabiltyMail="1" contactabiltyEmail="1" contactabiltyCellEmail="0" contactabiltyHomePhone="1" contactabiltyCellPhone="1" contactabiltyText="1" contactabiltySocialMedia="0" vipLevel="2" memberId="OC540C00016824" saAccount="660996" classa="小姐" homeStoreCode="OC54" />
  <purchaseHistory>
    <departmentPurchase totalLifeTimeSale="36791" totalTYAmount="21705" lastTxn="20160829" totalTYUnitCnt="9" firstTxn="20160713">
      <department categoryName="D08" tyAmount="2970" tyUnitCnt="2" />
      <department categoryName="D01" tyAmount="9750" tyUnitCnt="3" />
      <department categoryName="D02" tyAmount="8985" tyUnitCnt="4" />
    </departmentPurchase>
    <ratePurchase totalLyAmount="0" totalLyRate="0" totalTyAmount="21705" totalTyRate="100" totalLifeTimeAmount="36791" totalLifeTimeRate="100">
      <rate categoryName="Retail" lyAmount="" lyRate="0" lyToDate="0" tyAmount="21705" tyRate="100" tyToDate="21705" lifeTimeAmount="36791" lifeTimeRate="100" lyTyChange="100" />
    </ratePurchase>
    <storeRatePurchase>
      <storeRate />
    </storeRatePurchase>
  </purchaseHistory>
  <vipStatus issueDate="20140629" issueShop="OC54" ptsToUpgrade="21705" expiryDate="20170731" upgradeShop="" ptsToRenew="8130" />
  <comments comment="第一场雪" />
</Response>

问题解决。

原因就出在解析XML节点的

 typeof(department) 与 typeof(List<department>)