oracle——数据表的数据查询——oracle中的特殊表达式between and、in、like、is null、exists、all、some、any等

sql查询

create table yuangong ( id number,
                        name varchar2(50),
                        zhiwei varchar2(50),
                        age number,
                        sex varchar2(20)
                      ) tablespace test
                      
insert into yuangong values(1,'周磊01','操作工',21,'男');
insert into yuangong values(2,'周磊02','操作工',23,'女');
insert into yuangong values(3,'周磊03','操作工',22,'男');
insert into yuangong values(4,'周磊04','操作工',24,'女');
insert into yuangong values(5,'周磊05','操作工',26,'男');
insert into yuangong values(6,'周磊06','操作工',25,'女');
insert into yuangong values(7,'周磊07','操作工',29,'男');
insert into yuangong values(8,'周磊08','操作工',28,'女');
insert into yuangong values(9,'周磊09','操作工',27,'男');
insert into yuangong values(10,'周磊10','操作工',25,'女');

insert into yuangong values(11,'周11磊','头目',39,'男');
insert into yuangong values(12,'周12磊','头目',31,'女');
insert into yuangong values(13,'周13磊','头目',37,'男');
insert into yuangong values(14,'周14磊','头目',34,'女');

insert into yuangong values(15,'周15磊','经理',45,'男');

select * from yuangong;

drop table yuangong;

======================================================================

create table xinzi ( id number,
                     yuangonghao number,
                     yuefen number,
                     jine number
                    ) tablespace test
                    

select * from xinzi;

insert into xinzi values(1,1,1,3800);
insert into xinzi values(2,1,2,3600);
insert into xinzi values(3,1,3,3300);
insert into xinzi values(4,1,4,3200);


insert into xinzi values(5,2,1,2800);
insert into xinzi values(6,2,2,2600);
insert into xinzi values(7,2,3,2300);
insert into xinzi values(8,2,4,2200);

insert into xinzi values(9,3,1,2200);
insert into xinzi values(10,3,2,2500);
insert into xinzi values(11,3,3,2300);
insert into xinzi values(12,3,4,2800);

insert into xinzi values(13,4,1,1200);
insert into xinzi values(14,4,2,1500);
insert into xinzi values(15,4,3,1300);
insert into xinzi values(16,4,4,1800);

---------------------------------------------------

insert into xinzi values(17,11,1,4200);
insert into xinzi values(18,11,2,4500);
insert into xinzi values(19,11,3,4300);
insert into xinzi values(20,11,4,4800);

insert into xinzi values(21,12,1,4800);
insert into xinzi values(22,12,2,4600);
insert into xinzi values(23,12,3,4300);
insert into xinzi values(24,12,4,4200);

insert into xinzi values(25,13,1,4200);
insert into xinzi values(26,13,2,4300);
insert into xinzi values(27,13,3,4400);
insert into xinzi values(28,13,4,4500);

insert into xinzi values(29,13,1,4200);
insert into xinzi values(30,13,2,4300);
insert into xinzi values(31,13,3,4400);
insert into xinzi values(32,13,4,4500);
-------------------------------------------------------

insert into xinzi values(33,15,1,7300);
insert into xinzi values(34,15,2,7700);
insert into xinzi values(35,15,3,7500);
insert into xinzi values(36,15,4,7900);

=======================================================================================

select * from yuangong;

select * from xinzi;


===========================================================================================



oracle中的特殊表达式



between：取值范围
in：集合成员测试
like：模式匹配
is null：空值判断
all,some,any：数量判断
exists：存在性判断



select * from yuangong;
select * from xinzi;





(1)between：取值范围

select * from yuangong where id between 2 and 5;
select * from yuangong where id not between 2 and 5;

select * from yuangong where age between 22 and 35;
select * from yuangong where age not between 22 and 35;





(2)in：集合成员测试

select * from yuangong where id in (2,3,4,5);
select * from yuangong where id not in (2,3,4,5);





(3)like：模式匹配
select * from yuangong where zhiwei like '头目';
select * from yuangong where zhiwei not like '头目';

select * from yuangong where name like '%磊';





（4）is null：空值判断

select * from yuangong;
select * from xinzi;

select * from yuangong where name is null;
select * from yuangong where name is not null;





(5)all,some,any：数量判断

select * from xinzi where yuangonghao = 3 or yuangonghao = 4;

select * from xinzi where jine > all ( select distinct jine from xinzi where yuangonghao = 3 or yuangonghao = 4 );

此时这里all判断式相当于and运算，因为子查询用了distinct关键字，所以条件相当于 jine>2800 and jine>1800

select * from xinzi where jine > any ( select distinct jine from xinzi where yuangonghao = 3 or yuangonghao = 4 );
select * from xinzi where jine > some( select distinct jine from xinzi where yuangonghao = 3 or yuangonghao = 4 );

此时，some相当于or运算，因为子查询用了distinct关键字，所以条件相当于 jine>2800 or jine>1800





(6)exists：存在性判断

in判断式用于判断表的列值是否存在于列表或者集合中；

而exists判断式可用于判断查询结果集是否为空；


select * from yuangong where exists ( select * from xinzi where xinzi.id = yuangong.id );