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  • Flask 【第十篇】自定义Form组件

    一、wtforms源码流程

    1、实例化流程分析

    # 源码流程
        1. 执行type的 __call__ 方法,读取字段到静态字段 cls._unbound_fields 中; meta类读取到cls._wtforms_meta中
        2. 执行构造方法
            
            a. 循环cls._unbound_fields中的字段,并执行字段的bind方法,然后将返回值添加到 self._fields[name] 中。
                即:
                    _fields = {
                        name: wtforms.fields.core.StringField(),
                    }
                    
                PS:由于字段中的__new__方法,实例化时:name = simple.StringField(label='用户名'),创建的是UnboundField(cls, *args, **kwargs),当执行完bind之后,才变成执行 wtforms.fields.core.StringField()
            
            b. 循环_fields,为对象设置属性
                for name, field in iteritems(self._fields):
                    # Set all the fields to attributes so that they obscure the class
                    # attributes with the same names.
                    setattr(self, name, field)
            c. 执行process,为字段设置默认值:self.process(formdata, obj, data=data, **kwargs)
                优先级:obj,data,formdata;
                
                再循环执行每个字段的process方法,为每个字段设置值:
                for name, field, in iteritems(self._fields):
                    if obj is not None and hasattr(obj, name):
                        field.process(formdata, getattr(obj, name))
                    elif name in kwargs:
                        field.process(formdata, kwargs[name])
                    else:
                        field.process(formdata)
                
                执行每个字段的process方法,为字段的data和字段的raw_data赋值
                def process(self, formdata, data=unset_value):
                    self.process_errors = []
                    if data is unset_value:
                        try:
                            data = self.default()
                        except TypeError:
                            data = self.default
            
                    self.object_data = data
            
                    try:
                        self.process_data(data)
                    except ValueError as e:
                        self.process_errors.append(e.args[0])
            
                    if formdata:
                        try:
                            if self.name in formdata:
                                self.raw_data = formdata.getlist(self.name)
                            else:
                                self.raw_data = []
                            self.process_formdata(self.raw_data)
                        except ValueError as e:
                            self.process_errors.append(e.args[0])
            
                    try:
                        for filter in self.filters:
                            self.data = filter(self.data)
                    except ValueError as e:
                        self.process_errors.append(e.args[0])
                    
            d. 页面上执行print(form.name) 时,打印标签
                
                因为执行了:
                    字段的 __str__ 方法
                    字符的 __call__ 方法
                    self.meta.render_field(self, kwargs)
                        def render_field(self, field, render_kw):
                            other_kw = getattr(field, 'render_kw', None)
                            if other_kw is not None:
                                render_kw = dict(other_kw, **render_kw)
                            return field.widget(field, **render_kw)
                    执行字段的插件对象的 __call__ 方法,返回标签字符串
    

    2、验证流程分析

    a. 执行form的validate方法,获取钩子方法
                def validate(self):
                    extra = {}
                    for name in self._fields:
                        inline = getattr(self.__class__, 'validate_%s' % name, None)
                        if inline is not None:
                            extra[name] = [inline]
            
                    return super(Form, self).validate(extra)
            b. 循环每一个字段,执行字段的 validate 方法进行校验(参数传递了钩子函数)
                def validate(self, extra_validators=None):
                    self._errors = None
                    success = True
                    for name, field in iteritems(self._fields):
                        if extra_validators is not None and name in extra_validators:
                            extra = extra_validators[name]
                        else:
                            extra = tuple()
                        if not field.validate(self, extra):
                            success = False
                    return success
            c. 每个字段进行验证时候
                字段的pre_validate 【预留的扩展】
                字段的_run_validation_chain,对正则和字段的钩子函数进行校验
                字段的post_validate【预留的扩展】
    

      

    二、自定义Form组件

    #!usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    from flask import Flask,render_template,request,Markup
    app = Flask(__name__,template_folder="templates")
    app.debug = True
    # ==============通过这几个类就可以显示了-==============
    #插件
    class Widget(object):
        pass
    
    class InputText(Widget):
        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    
            return "<input type='text' name='name'>"
    
    class TextArea(Widget):
        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            return Markup("<textarea name='email'></textarea>")
    
    #Form
    class BaseForm(object):
        def __init__(self):
            #获取当前所有的字段
            _fields = {}
            for name, field in self.__class__.__dict__.items():
                if isinstance(field, Field):  # 筛选出字段是name和emailDe
                    _fields[name] = field
            self._fields = _fields
            self.data = {}
            # print(_fields)  # {'name': 111, 'email': 222}
    
        def validate(self,request_data):
            #先找到所有的字段,在执行每一个字段的validate方法
            flag = True
            for name, field in self._fields.items():
                input_val = request_data.get(name,"") #用户输入的值
                result= field.validate(input_val)  #每一个字段自己校验
                print("???????????",input_val,result)
                if not result:
                    flag = False
                else:
                    self.data[name] = input_val
            return flag
    #字段
    class Field(object):
        '''所有类的基类'''
        def __str__(self):          #python中的静态字段通过类能找到,通过对象也能找到
            return Markup(self.widget())  #self就是StringField,self
    
    class StringField(Field):  #每个字段打印的时候都要去执行__str__,所以选择放在基类里面,自己没有就调用父类的
        widget = InputText()
        def validate(self,val):
            if val:
                return True
    
    class EmaliField(Field):
        widget = TextArea()
        reg = ".*@.*"
    
        def validate(self,val):
            import re
            print(re.match(self.reg,val),"************")
            if re.match(self.reg,val):
                return True
    
    
    # ===============使用===============
    class LoginForm(BaseForm):
        name = StringField()
        email = EmaliField()
    
    @app.route('/index', methods=["GET","POST"])
    def index():
        form = LoginForm()
        ret = form.validate(request.form)
        print("验证成功",ret)
        print("验证成功的值",form.data)
        # print(form.name)
        # print(form.email)
        return render_template("index.html",form=form)
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        app.run()
     
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaohema/p/8456751.html
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