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  • cookie和session页面随机数和防止重复提交

    http

    无状态的协议,每次请求都是独立的我们不能存储第一次访问的数据

    Cookie

    实现访问请求的数据保存

    将服务器中的一小段,存入浏览器中放在浏览器中的cookie中,是存入浏览器中。

    优点:减少服务器的压力

    缺点:不安全,存储的数据单一,只能为字符串,可以通过路由器获得所有的cookie

    1. 添加cookie

    2. 获得cookie

    3. 解决中文乱码问题

    4. 修改cookie的两种方式(cookie为键值对,key值不能重复,或者cookie.setvalues()

    5. 生命周期

    (1)默认为添加到浏览器和关闭浏览器

    (2)设置setMaxAge(>0)

    package cn.jiedada.controller;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.net.URLDecoder;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    @WebServlet("*.cookie")
    public class CookieServlet extends HttpServlet {
        @Override
        protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            //获得uri
            String uri = req.getRequestURI();
            //输出类型
            resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            //判断请求
            uri=uri.substring(uri.indexOf("/")+1, uri.indexOf("."));
            if(uri.equals("add")){
                doAdd(req,resp);
            }if(uri.equals("find")){
                doFind(req,resp);
            }
        }
    
        private void doFind(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
            Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
            //获得cookie
            for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
                String name = cookie.getName();
                String value = cookie.getValue();
                //解码方式
                value=URLDecoder.decode(value, "UTF-8");
                resp.getWriter().print("<h1>"+name+"--"+value+"</h2>");
            }
        }
    
        private void doAdd(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
            //解决中文乱码问题
            Cookie c1 = new Cookie("name", URLEncoder.encode("杰帅", "UTF-8"));
            Cookie c2 = new Cookie("age", "20");
            //创建cookie并且发送到页面
            resp.addCookie(c1);
            resp.addCookie(c2);
            resp.getWriter().print("<h1>登陆成功</h1>");
        }
    }
    View Code

    作用可以通过cookie来实现再次浏览该网页,然后登陆,判断里面的cookie值,如果有就直接登陆

    Session

    Session一次会话的,的创建方式

    1通过servlet中的req.getSession()获得

    2. 创建一个jsp

    session的使用

    Session.setAttribute()

    Session.getAttribute()

    Session.removeAttribute()

    session的注销

    Session.inv

    package cn.jiedada.controller;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.net.URLDecoder;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    @WebServlet("*.session")
    public class SessionServlet extends HttpServlet {
        @Override
        protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            String uri = req.getRequestURI();
            resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            uri=uri.substring(uri.indexOf("/")+1, uri.indexOf("."));
            if(uri.equals("add")){
                doAdd(req,resp);
            }
        }
        private void doAdd(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
            HttpSession session = req.getSession();
            session.setAttribute("name", "tom");
            //session.setMaxInactiveInterval(30);
            resp.sendRedirect("session.jsp");
        }
    }
    View Code

    防止重复提交

    把随机数生成的值绑定到前端,然后在Java代码中删除这次的绑定参数,这样就可以在第二次提交的时候随机数通不过

        //通过绑定之获得随机数中的随机值,判断是否和我们输入的相同
            String incode = req.getSession().getAttribute("RANDOMCODE_IN_SESSION").toString();
            //清除值,让他为null防止重复提交
            req.getSession().removeAttribute("RANDOMCODE_IN_SESSION");
            if(code.equals(incode)){

    验证码

    有多种方式这里使用的是uuid的方式,还有雪花函数,等等。。。。

    package cn.jiedada.controller;
    
    import java.awt.Color;
    import java.awt.Font;
    import java.awt.Graphics;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Random;
    import java.util.UUID;
    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    @WebServlet("/randomCode")
    public class RandomCode1Servlet extends HttpServlet {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
        protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
            //生成随机数
            String randomCode = UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0, 5);
    
            //把随机数放进Session中
            req.getSession().setAttribute("RANDOMCODE_IN_SESSION", randomCode);
    
            //创建图片对象
            int width = 100;
            int height = 30;
            int imageType = BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB;
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, imageType);
    
            //画板
            Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            //绘制一个实心的矩形
            g.fillRect(1, 1, width - 2, height - 2);
    
            //把随机数画进图片中
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);//设置随机数的颜色
            Font font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC, 25);
            g.setFont(font);//设置随机数的字体和大小
            g.drawString(randomCode, 10, 23);
            //干扰线
            g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
            Random r = new Random();
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                g.fillRect(r.nextInt(width), r.nextInt(height), 2, 2);
            }
    
            //关闭
            g.dispose();
            //把图片对象以流的方式保存出去
            ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", resp.getOutputStream());
        }
    }
    View Code
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoruirui/p/11437864.html
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