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  • Python,datetime模块实例

        Python的标准模块datetime模块,在我们的工作中应用非常频繁,下面对datetime中常用的方法进行了总结和测试;对每一个方法都使用了单元测试框架Unittest来配合测试。

        主要的类型有:

      首先要导入datetime模块:from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone

      一、自己定义时间格式:1、datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26);2、datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

      二、将datetime转化成timestamp格式:datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).timestamp()

      三、将timestamp转化成datetime格式:datetime.fromtimestamp(1487750726.0)

      四、将datetime转化成str格式:datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

      五、利用timedelta进行时间相加:datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + timedelta(hours=10, days=2)

      六、利用timedelta进行时间相减:datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 14:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - timedelta(hours=1)

      八、转换时区:

      utc_datetime = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').replace(tzinfo=timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
      # 北京时间
      bj_datetime = utc_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
      # 东京时间
      dj_datetime = bj_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=9)))

      下面的就是代码,testDatetime.py:

    # coding=utf-8
    
    """
    testDatetime.py
    datetime模块练习
    """
    import unittest
    from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
    
    class TestDatetime(unittest.TestCase):
        
        def test_get_datetime(self):
            """指定日期和时间datetime"""
            expected = "2017-02-22 16:05:26"
            actual = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26)
            # print(actual)
            self.assertEqual(expected, str(actual))
    
        def test_datetime_translation_timestamp(self):
            """将datetime转化成timestamp,返回的是秒"""
            expected = 1487750726.0
            actual = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).timestamp()
            # print(type(actual))
            self.assertEqual(expected, actual)
    
        def test_timestamp_translation_datetime(self):
            """将timestamp转化成datetime格式"""
            expected = "2017-02-22 16:05:26"
            actual = datetime.fromtimestamp(1487750726.0)
            # print(actual)
            self.assertEqual(expected, str(actual))
    
        def test_str_translation_datetime(self):
            """将str转化成datetime格式"""
            expected = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26)
            actual = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            # print(actual)
            self.assertEqual(expected, actual)
    
        def test_datetime_translation_str(self):
            """将datetime转化成str"""
            excepted = '2017-02-22 16:05:26'
            actual = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            # print(type(actual))
            self.assertEqual(excepted, actual)
    
        def test_datetime_add(self):
            """利用timedelta进行时间相加"""
            # 加1小时
            excepted1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            actual1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + timedelta(hours=1)
            # 加2天,10小时
            excepted2 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-25 02:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            actual2 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + timedelta(hours=10, days=2)
    
            self.assertEqual(excepted1, actual1)
            self.assertEqual(excepted2, actual2)
    
        def test_datetime_plus(self):
            """利用timedelta进行时间相减"""
            # 减1小时
            excepted1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            actual1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - timedelta(hours=1)
            self.assertEqual(excepted1, actual1)
    
        def test_timezone_translation(self):
            """转换时区"""
            utc_datetime = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').replace(tzinfo=timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
            # 北京时间
            bj_datetime = utc_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
            # 东京时间
            dj_datetime = bj_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=9)))
            # print(dj_datetime)
            self.assertEqual((bj_datetime + timedelta(hours=1)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'), dj_datetime.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
    
    
    
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        unittest.main()

       还有测试结果图(全部测试通过):

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoshitoutest/p/6430809.html
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