redis安装和配置

安装

1，去官网（http://redis.cn/ ）下载redis-5.0.4.tar.gz

2，安装

$ tar xzf redis-5.0.4.tar.gz
$ cd redis-5.0.4
$ make

3,进入到解压后的 src 目录，通过如下命令启动Redis:

$ src/redis-server

4,您可以使用内置的客户端与Redis进行交互:

$ src/redis-cli
redis> ping
PONG
redis> ping hello
"hello"

5，远程访问redis-server,需要指定redis-server所在主机的IP和端口号

$ src/redis-cli -h 192.168.x.x -p 6380

6,在客户端关闭redis server

$ 127.0.0.1:6379> SHUTDOWN

设置

配置文件所在的路径：解压redis-5.0.4.tar.gz后，的根目录下。

文件名：redis.conf

1，设置服务器端是否让服务器主机以外的客户端访问它

• 只允许服务器主机内的客户端访问

  # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES
  # JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
  # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  bind 127.0.0.1
  
  # By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
  # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
  # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
  # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
  protected-mode yes
  
  

• 允许服务器主机以外的客户端访问

  # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES
  # JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
  # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  # bind 127.0.0.1
  
  
  # By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
  # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
  # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
  # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
  protected-mode no
  

进行上述设置后，在别的主机应该就能访问redis服务器了，但是如果还是访问不了，就需要看看防火墙的设置。一般在ubuntu下，进行上述设置后，在别的主机应该就能访问redis服务器了。

2，是否让redis服务器以守护进程的方式启动

• 不让redis服务器以守护进程的方式启动

  # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
  # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
  daemonize no
  

• 让redis服务器以守护进程的方式启动,并且把守护进程的pid写入到文件：/var/run/redis.pid中

  # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
  # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
  daemonize yes
  

3，设置记录守护进程的pid的文件

# Creating a pid file is best effort: if Redis is not able to create it
# nothing bad happens, the server will start and run normally.
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid

4，设置log的级别和log文件所在的目录。如果想把日志不写入日志文件，而打印到终端的话，

【logfile stdout】

# Specify the server verbosity level.
# This can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel notice

# Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force
# Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile "/目录/文件名"

5，设置数据库的个数

# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
databases 16

在客户端，可以用【select 数据库标号】，来选定要操作的数据库，从0开始，默认是0号数据库。

6，设置持久化类型。

• rdb方式：默认方式

  • 特点：
    • 把内存中数据直接存储在磁盘
    • 按照一定的频率做数据存储
  • 缺点：
    • 存储频率设定的高的话，效率就会低
    • 存储频率设定的低的话，同步就不及时
  • 优点：数据恢复快

• aof方式：

  • 特点：把每个命令直接存储在磁盘

  • 缺点：数据恢复慢

  • 优点：

    • 数据存储到磁盘效率高，因为存的是命令，不是数据。
    • 占用磁盘空间小。

• 设定rdb方式的存储频率

  #   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
  #   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
  #   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
  #   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
  #
  #   Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines.
  #
  #   It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
  #   points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
  #   like in the following example:
  #
  #   save ""
  
  save 900 1
  save 300 10
  save 60 10000
  

• 设定rdb的文件名

  # The filename where to dump the DB
  dbfilename dump.rdb
  

• 设定rdb的路径

  # The working directory.
  #
  # The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
  # above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.
  #
  # The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory.
  #
  # Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
  dir ./
  

• 启动AOF，并设置aof的文件名。注意：要把rdb方式disable掉。

  ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
  
  # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
  # good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
  # a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
  # the configured save points).
  #
  # The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides
  # much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy
  # (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a
  # dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something
  # wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is
  # still running correctly.
  #
  # AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.
  # If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file
  # with the better durability guarantees.
  #
  # Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information.
  
  appendonly yes
  
  # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
  
  appendfilename "appendonly.aof
  

• 设定AOF的存储频率

  # Redis supports three different modes:
  #
  # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
  # always: fsync after every write to the append only log. Slow, Safest.
  # everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.
  #
  # The default is "everysec", as that's usually the right compromise between
  # speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to
  # "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
  # it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
  # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),
  # or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than
  # everysec.
  #
  # More details please check the following article:
  # http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html
  #
  # If unsure, use "everysec".
  # appendfsync always
  appendfsync everysec
  # appendfsync no
  

  • appendfsync always:随时存储
  • appendfsync everyse：1秒存储一次
  • appendfsync no：不存储。

hiredis的安装

$ unzip hiredis-master.zip
$ cd hiredis-master
$ make
$ sudo make install

hiredis是用C语言操作redis数据库的API库

hiredis的下载地址：

https://github.com/redis/hiredis

c/c++ 学习互助QQ群：877684253

本人微信：xiaoshitou5854