springMVC注解的入门案例

1、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>springmvc1</display-name>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
</web-app>

2、springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
                        
        <!-- 把Controller交给spring管理 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaostudy"/>
        
        <!-- 配置注解处理器映射器 功能：寻找执行类Controller -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
        
        <!-- 配置注解处理器适配器 功能：调用controller方法，执行controller -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
        
        <!-- 配置sprigmvc视图解析器：解析逻辑试图 
             后台返回逻辑试图：index
            视图解析器解析出真正物理视图：前缀+逻辑试图+后缀====/WEB-INF/index.jsp -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>        
        </bean>
</beans>

3、用注解@Controller类

package com.xiaostudy.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller//<bean class="com.xiaostudy.controller.MyController"/>
@RequestMapping(value="/myController")//访问该类的方法时，前面多这样一个路径
public class MyController {
    
//    @RequestMapping("hello")//http://localhost:8080/demo2/hello.do
//    @RequestMapping("/hello")//http://localhost:8080/demo2/hello.do
//    @RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")//http://localhost:8080/demo2/hello.do
//    @RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)//http://localhost:8080/demo2/hello.do
//    @RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method= {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})//http://localhost:8080/demo2/hello.do
    public String print() {
        return "index";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("hi")//http://localhost:8080/demo2/myController/hi.do
    public String hello() {
        return "index";
    }

}

4、index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
            "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>springMVC_demo</title>
</head>
<body>
    xiaostudy
</body>
</html>

项目文件结构

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